Continuum Model for Electronic Polarization Based on a Novel Dielectric Response Function

基于连续介质模型推导了一个普适的描述电介质介电弛豫过程的响应函数. 该介电响应函数依赖于电介质的介电谱. 基于该函数推导得到了以前特殊情况下用于描述溶剂弛豫的响应函数一致的表达式.结合三种典型极性溶剂,水、甲醇和乙腈的介电谱,研究了三种溶剂在外加电场线性变化时的电子极化过程. 结果表明,溶剂的电子极化伴随着电子跃迁同步发生,没有时滞.     

用RC电路测量并分析介电频率谱

介绍了用自搭式RC电路测量电介质介电频率谱的方法,并对样品PZT5介电谱的两个谐振峰做了分析.与精密的阻抗分析仪的测量结果相比较,证明该实验方法可行.     

电介质的极化机制与介电常量的分析

在简介电介质极化机制的基础上,通过Lorentz振子模型及其修正,分析电介南的极化机制与介电常量,比较分析了一些电介质介常量有规律的变化,分析了一些电介质介电常量与光频介电常量相等的微观机制。     

电介质介电系数εr的测量

[引言] 电介质的介电系数ε_r是反映电介质性质的一个重要参数,它不仅是电磁学中一个极其重要的物理量,而且在工程技术中也常常被用来表明各种电介质的电性质。如何测定电介质的介电系数,应该成为电磁学实验的重要内容之一。本文介绍了电桥法和频率法测定液体和固体电介质介电系数的原理、实验方法与实验结果。通过这个实验,不仅可使学生掌握固体、液体电介质介电系数的测量原理和方法,而且可使学生学到万用电桥、频率计的使用技能。     

掺Ge锐钛矿相TiO_2光学性质的计算

合理的掺杂是改善TiO_2活性,使其光催化性能在可见光照射下发挥作用的最有效途径之一,本文利用基于密度泛函理论的第一原理全电势线性缀加平面波方法计算掺Ge锐钛矿相TiO_2介电函数的实部、虚部和光学吸收系数.计算结果显示掺Ge锐钛矿相TiO_2介电函数虚部谱发生蓝移,与实验趋势相符;通过不用剪刀算符和固定晶格常数两方案研究掺Ge前后光谱的平移,得到蓝移是由于Ge原子替代Ti原子后晶胞体积减小造成.     

基于涂覆石墨烯的三根电介质纳米线的THz波导的模式特性分析

研究了一种基于涂覆石墨烯的三根电介质纳米线的THz波导,采用多极方法对这种波导所支持的5种低阶模的有效折射率的实部和传播长度进行了解析分析.结果表明,通过改变工作频率、中间纳米线半径、纳米线之间的间距以及石墨烯的费米能,可以有效地调节波导的模式特性.当工作频率从30 THz增加到40 THz时,这些模式的有效折射率的实部增大,传播长度减小,并且在变化的过程中会出现交叉现象.当中间纳米线的半径从25 nm增加到75 nm时,除了模式3和模式4基本不受影响,其他模式有效折射率的实部增大,传播长度变化各不相同.当纳米线之间的间距从10 nm增加到50 nm时,除了模式3和模式4基本不受影响,其他模式有效折射率的实部减小,传播长度增大,并且在变化的过程中会出现交叉现象.当石墨烯的费米能从0.4 eV增加到1.2 eV时,有效折射率的实部减小,传播长度增大.计算表明,多极法得到的结果与有限元方法得到的结果完全一致.本研究可以为基于涂覆石墨烯的电介质纳米线的THz波导的设计、制作和应用提供理论基础.     

白光在LiNbO_3∶Fe晶体中写入的任意折射率分布光波导

在理论分析Li NbO3∶Fe晶体中光致折射率变化分布与写入光的强度分布之间关系的基础上,提出了一种在该晶体中写入具有任意折射率分布光波导的新方法.利用由白光经电寻址空间光调制器得到的强度分布不同的片光辐照晶体,分别写入了折射率呈误差函数分布和平方律分布的光波导结构.采用干涉法测量了晶体中的光致折射率变化,并用推导出的折射率变化分布解析表达式很好地拟合了测量数据.实验结果表明,该方法是可行的.利用白光光源结合高分辨率的空间光调制器有望在多种光折变材料中制备出具有任意折射率分布的高质量光波导.     

Ti：LiNbO3光波导导模的场分布

给出了Ti扩散LiNbO_3条波导任意阶导模场分布的试探解.通过变分法分析,不但可以合理地确定其中的待定参数,而且也得到了相应导模传播常数的近似值.与扩展的有效折射率方法比较:这种解不但在函数形式上简单,待定常数确定方便,而且具有精度高的优点.还可以得到等效一维波导折射率分布的解析表达式.     

白光在LiNbO3∶Fe晶体中写入的任意折射率分布光波导

在理论分析LiNbO3∶Fe晶体中光致折射率变化分布与写入光的强度分布之间关系的基础上，提出了一种在该晶体中写入具有任意折射率分布光波导的新方法.利用由白光经电寻址空间光调制器得到的强度分布不同的片光辐照晶体，分别写入了折射率呈误差函数分布和平方律分布的光波导结构.采用干涉法测量了晶体中的光致折射率变化，并用推导出的折射率变化分布解析表达式很好地拟合了测量数据.实验结果表明，该方法是可行的.利用白光光源结合高分辨率的空间光调制器有望在多种光折变材料中制备出具有任意折射率分布的高质量光波导.     

混合电解质溶液中考虑介电饱和度的表面电位评估原理（英文）

基于非线性泊松-玻尔兹曼方程,推导了混合电解质溶液中考虑介电饱和度的表面电位的解析表达式.近似解析解和精确数值解计算出的表面电位在很大范围的电荷密度和离子强度条件下均具有很好的一致性.当表面电荷密度大于0.30 C/m~2时,介电饱和度对表面电位的影响变得尤为重要;当表面电荷密度小于0.30 C/m~2时,可忽略介电饱和度的影响,即基于经典泊松-玻尔兹曼方程可获得有效的表面电位解析模型.因此,0.3 C/m~2可作为是否考虑介电饱和度的颗粒临界表面电荷密度值.在低表面电荷密度时,考虑介质饱和度的表面电位解析模型可自然回归到经典泊松-玻尔兹曼理论的结果,得到的表面电位可以正确地预测一价和二价反离子之间的吸附选择性.     

Electronic structure and optical properties of BiSI crystal

Electronic structure and optical properties of BiSI crystal were investigated by the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FL-LAPW) method with density functional theory (DFT). The complex dielectric function and optical constants, such as optical absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, energy-loss spectrum and reflectivity, were calculated. The optical properties of BiSI crystal were studied experimentally by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The experimental results were compared with the theoretical spectra of complex dielectric functions and with the spectra of a pseudo-dielectric function (PDF). This method shows that experimental spectra consist of four Laurence lines sum.     

Optical and dielectric properties of nanocomposites systems based on epoxy resins and reactive polyhedral oligosilsquioxanes

An epoxy network structure made of diglycidylether of bisphenol-A and diamino diphenylsulfone was modified by adding various amounts of an epoxy functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of optical and dielectric properties. The UV-absorption spectra were collected in the wavelength range of 400–800 nm. The optical data were analyzed in terms of absorption formula for non-crystalline materials. The optical energy gap and other basic constants, such as energy tails, dielectric constants, refractive index and optical conductivity, were determined and showed a clear dependence on the POSS concentration. It was found that the optical energy gap for the neat epoxy resin is less than for nanocomposites, and it decreases with increase in the POSS content. The refractive index of nanocomposites was determined from the calculated values of absorption and reflectance. It was found that the refractive index and the dielectric constants increased with increase in the POSS concentration. The optical conductivity, which is a measure of the optical absorption, increased with the POSS content. Furthermore, it was found that the glass transition temperature and the optical energy gap correlate well with the POSS filler concentration.     

Radiation Effects on Optical Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer Films

The optical properties of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) film have been studied. The effects of gamma irradiations on the optical spectrum of EVA films have been investigated using spectrophotometric measurements of reflectance and transmittance in the wavelength range 200–1100 nm. The absorption spectra were recorded in the UV–vis region for the unirradiated and irradiated films (from 0 to 50 kGy). Optical constants such as refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (K), and complex dielectric constant have been determined, as well as the optical dispersion parameters and high frequency dielectric constants. A large dependence of the fundamental optical constants on the irradiation dose was noticed. On irradiation, a higher refractive index was obtained as compared with that for unirradiated film. The dispersion parameters, such as E ₀ (single‐oscillator energy), E _d (dispersive energy), and M _?1 and M _?3 (moments), are discussed in terms of the single‐oscillator Wemple–DiDomenico model.     

Effect of particles size on the optical constants of iron/polystyrene composites via UV-radiation

The present study deals with the optical characteristics of polystyrene (PS) composites containing iron particles of different sizes: 5, 40, 110, and 250 μm. The optical absorption spectra were collected in the wavelength range 300–800 nm using a UV-spectrophotometer. The optical results obtained were analyzed in terms of the absorption formula for non-crystalline materials. The optical energy gap and other basic optical constants such as refractive index, dielectric constants, and optical conductivity were investigated and showed a clear dependence on the iron particles size. It was found that the optical energy gap for the iron-filled composites is less than that for the neat PS, and it decreases as the iron particle size decreases. The refractive index of the prepared composites was determined from the collected transmittance and reflectance spectra. It was found that the calculated dielectric constant and refractive index of the composites increase when the iron particles size decreases. The optical dispersion behavior of the composites was described by the single-oscillator model. Enhancement in the optical conductivity was observed with decreasing the iron particles size.     

Determination of soot temperature, volume fraction and refractive index from flame emission spectrometry

An inversion scheme based on tomographic reconstruction of flame emission spectra has been developed for nonintrusive characterization of soot temperature and volume fraction fields within an optically thin axisymmetric flame by extracting characteristic information on soot refractive index from spectral gradients of emission spectra. Its performance is assessed by providing input data obtained from intensities simulated by a direct code based on experimental data for a flame available in the literature. Proposed method was found to be especially powerful in the near-infrared range for accurate prediction of flame properties where spectral variation of optical constants is significant.     

First-Principles Investigations on Structural, Elastic, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Tetragonal HfSiO4

Structural parameters, elastic, mechanical, electronic, chemical bonding, and optical properties of tetragonal HfSiO₄ have been investigated using the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique based on the first-principles density-functional theory. The ground-state properties obtained by minimizing the total energy are in agreement with the available experimental and theoretical data. This compound is found to be mechanically stable, and we have obtained the bulk, shear, and Young's modulus; Poisson's coefficient; and Lamé's constants. We have estimated the Debye temperature of tetragonal HfSiO₄ from the acoustic velocity. Electronic and chemical bonding properties have been studied. Moreover, the complex dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient, energy-loss spectrum, optical reflectivity, and complex conductivity function are calculated and analyzed.     

有增益及损耗的平板波导导模的精确微扰分析

给出求含有增益层与损耗层的突变与渐变折射率剖面多层平板波导导模的微扰与解析计算公式。举例讨论了导模模式的增益（或损耗）与结构参数和偏振的关系，本文方法较求解复本征值的打靶法等简便且节省机时，对于（半导体激光器与半导体激光放大器等）实际遇到的波导结构能给出精确数值结果，并可用以分析材料的增益系数或损耗对ＴＥ和ＴＭ模式及其增益的影响等问题。     

A study on optical absorption and constants of doped poly(ethylene oxide)

Thin films of polymer electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) doped with sodium iodide (NaI) were prepared using the solution cast method. The films obtained have average thickness of 70 μm and different NaI concentrations. Absorption and reflectance spectra of UV-radiation were studied in the wavelength range 300-800 nm. The optical results were analyzed in terms of absorption formula for non-crystalline materials.The optical energy gap and the basic optical constants, refractive index, and dielectric constants of the prepared films have been investigated and showed a clear dependence on the NaI concentration. The interpreted absorption mechanism is a direct electron transition.The observed optical energy gap for neat poly(ethylene oxide) is about 2.6 eV, and decreases to a value 2.36 eV for the film of 15 wt% NaI content. It was found that the calculated refractive index and the dielectric constants of the polymer electrolyte thin films increase with NaI content. Models were used to describe the dependences of the dielectric constant on the NaI concentration, and the refractive index on the incident photon energy.     

色散吸收一维光学系统中光场量子起伏的功率谱

利用格林函数方法量子化色散吸收介质中的电磁场,针对由三层色散吸收介质组成的一维光学系统,研究其中光场的量子理论,借助起伏一耗散定理给出色散吸收介质光腔中光场量子起伏的功率谱,并通过数值计算结果分析和讨论介质的色散吸收性质对光学器件工作性能的影响。结果表明,系统的工作状态与所选光场频率密切相关,并且每一区域中介质的色散吸收性不但影响自身区域的电场起伏功率谱,而且明显地连带另一侧介质中电场起伏功率谱的变化行为。此结果对于研究复杂的介质分布与结构体系在光通信、现代光学工程、微波技术等领域中的实际应用有着重要的指导意义。     

Structural, electronic and optical properties of orthorhombic distorted perovskite TbMnO3

This paper calculates the structural parameters, electronic and optical properties of orthorhombic distorted perovskite-type TbMnO3 by first principles using density functional theory within the generalised gradient approximation. The calculated equilibrium lattice constants are in a reasonable agreement with theoretical and experimental data. The energy band structure, density of states and partial density of states of elements are obtained. Band structures show that TbMnO3 is an indirect band gap between the O 2p states and Mn 3d states, and the band gap is of 0.48 eV agreeing with experimental result. Furthermore, the optical properties, including the dielectric function, absorption coefficient, optical reflectivity, refractive index and energy loss spectrum are calculated and analysed, showing that the TbMnO3 is a promising dielectric material.