光折变聚合物中斩波调制对二波耦合增益系数的增强效应

通过二波耦合测量了光折变聚合物PVK:5CB:C60中的耦合增益系数,并利用斩波调制技术实现了二波耦合增益系数的增强.研究了最佳斩波频率及处于此频率下的耦合增益系数随外加电场、入射总光强、光栅波矢的关系. 关键词： 光折变聚合物 二波耦合 增益系数     

强外加电场与大调制度下光折变动力学光栅形成研究

强外加电场与大调制度在光折变效应的研究中已经得到了广泛应用。采用PDECOL算法,严格求解光折变带输运方程,得到外加电场时不同调制度下光折变晶体中随时间变化的空间电荷场、载流子浓度,并讨论了外加电场对它们的影响。通过将物质方程与耦合波方程联立数值求解,可得到光折变光栅形成过程中两波耦合增益系数以及光束条纹相位的变化。模拟结果表明,在强外加电场作用下,两束记录光之间的光强与相位耦合都得到了增强,而原有的解析式忽视了强外加电场与大调制度对空间电荷场相位耦合的影响,此时不再适用。同时发现折射率光栅与记录光束条纹均发生弯曲,并不再保持平行。     

用光辐照法在SBN:Cr晶体中写入动态阵列平面光波导

利用扩展的准直He-Ne激光束通过菲涅耳双棱镜所形成的干涉光场辐照SBN:Cr晶体， 同时沿晶体光轴方向施加适当的直流电场，可在晶体中形成类似于体相位光栅结构的阵列平 面光波导. 采用马赫-曾德干涉仪光路实时测量了所写入阵列平面光波导的横向折射率分布 ，其峰值接近10-4. 初步的导光测试结果表明，利用周期结构光辐照并辅以适当的外加电场在SBN:Cr晶体中写入阵列平面光波导是可行的. 并且由于SBN:Cr晶体的快速响应特性，所写入的光波导是动态的，可随着写入光的撤除而快速消失，或通过改变双光束夹角 关键词： SBN:Cr晶体 结构光辐照 阵列平面光波导 折射率分布 外电场     

外电场作用下掺杂SBN晶体的光致折射率变化

从实验上研究了不同外加直流电场作用下固液同成分的SBN:Cr和SBN:Rh晶体的光致折射率变化规律.测量结果表明:无外加电场作用时,晶体中的光致折射率变化不明显;若在光辐照晶体的同时,沿晶体c轴方向施加一定方向的外电场,则晶体中即刻出现显著的光致折射率变化.这种折射率变化随外加电场的增大而增大,并且电场方向不同,折射率变化的正负也不同.因而可以通过改变外加电场的极性和幅度控制SBN:Cr和SBN:Rh晶体中光致折射率的变化特性,这对于在该类晶体中制作动态光波导具有重要意义.     

Cr∶SBN晶体用于光学图像边缘增强的实验研究

提出一种利用光折变二波耦合放大原理实现图像边缘增强的新方法。在用Cr∶SBN晶体作记录介质的实时傅里叶变换全息读写装置中 ,物光中相对分离的高、低空间频率成分分别与参考光波在晶体中发生二波耦合。由于代表图像边缘信息的高频分量强度远低于低频分量 ,耦合的结果使得相对较弱的高频分量得到增强 ,从而使再现的全息像边缘凸出。文中详细讨论了晶体光轴取向及参物比对图像边缘增强效果的影响 ,分析了不同能量转移方向下实现边缘增强的物理机制。实验结果表明 ,Cr∶SBN晶体有可能成为一种用于图像边缘增强的光折变晶体动态滤波器。     

基于KNSBN:Cu晶体的光折变联合变换相关器

给出基于KNSBN:Cu晶体的光折变二波耦合联合变换相关器(TBJTC).以KNSBN:Cu晶体作为平方律转换器,将强度较大且携带参考图象和待识别图象联合频谱的信号光波与一强度较弱的相干平面参考光波同时输入于KNSBN:Cu晶体,通过光折变二波耦合过程的非线性能量转移,实现功率谱转换,进而实现相关识别.理论分析和实验结果表明,除输入输出外,该光学相关器无需CCD、LCLV等器件和相应的数字处理,是一个全光光学相关器.     

基于KNSBN∶Cu晶体的光折变联合变换相关器

给出基于KNSBN∶Cu晶体的光折变二波耦合联合变换相关器(TBJTC).以KNSBN∶Cu晶体作为平方律转换器,将强度较大且携带参考图象和待识别图象联合频谱的信号光波与一强度较弱的相干平面参考光波同时输入于KNSBN∶Cu晶体,通过光折变二波耦合过程的非线性能量转移,实现功率谱转换,进而实现相关识别.理论分析和实验结果表明,除输入输出外,该光学相关器无需CCD、LCLV等器件和相应的数字处理,是一个全光光学相关器.     

Cr：SBN晶体用于光学图像边缘增强的实验研究

提出一种利用光折变二波耦合放大原理实现图像边缘增强的新方法，在用Cr:SBN晶体作记录介质的实时傅里叶变换全息读写装置中，物光中相对分离的高，低空间频率成分分别与参才光波在晶体中发生二次耦合，由于代表图像边缘信息的高频分量强度远低于低频分量，耦合的结果使得相对较弱的高频分量得到增强，从而使再现的全息像边缘凸出，文中详细讨论了晶体光轴取向及参物比对图像边缘增强效果的影响，分析了不同能量转移方向下实现边缘增强的物理机制，实验结果表明，Cr:BSN晶体有可能成为一种用于图像边缘增强的光折变晶体动态滤波器。     

掺Ce,Fe系列LiNbO3晶体光折变效应光存储特性

研究了系列Ce：Fe掺杂以及不同后处理态(生长态、还原态和氧化态)铌酸锂晶体的透过率光谱和光折变全息存储特性。实验结果表明单掺Ce铌酸锂晶体具有较好的图像存储质量和较宽的透过率光谱范围,二波耦合增益相对较低;高掺杂铌酸锂样品的透过率光谱范围较窄,光折变二波耦合增益较低。晶体的后处理对铌酸锂样品的光折变特性影响明显,双掺Ce:Fe还原态铌酸锂晶体具有较高的二波耦合增益;氧化态样品具有较大的透过率光谱范围;还原态样品具有较大的光折变二波耦合增益特性。实验结果还表明在同种样品中难于同时获得大的二波耦合增益和图像存储质量。     

铌酸锶钡光折变表面电磁波实验

在实验中观察到扩散和漂移机理下在光折变晶体铌酸锶钡（SBN）与空气的界面形成的光折变表面电磁波. 这种表面电磁波形成的条件是：入射光束与界面成55°角入射，信号光与背景光比值越大越有利于形成表面电磁波，外加电场越大表面电磁波就越强. 关键词： 表面电磁波 扩散和漂移机制 SBN     

Light-induced scattering in SBN：Cr crystal under external electric fields and its suppression

In this paper, the enhancement of light-induced scattering in congruent SBN:Cr (Sr_{0.61}Ba_{0.39}Nb_2O_6:Cr) crystals in the presence of an externally applied electric field and its suppression are studied. If a coherent image is focalized in SBN:Cr crystal without applying external electric field, the output image will remain clear, because of the weak photorefractive effect in the crystal. When a field is applied properly along the crystal axis, markedly enhanced scattering from the signal beam and the output image dispersion can be observed due to the increase of the photorefractive two-beam coupling gain and the light-induced index change in SBN:Cr crystals. By introducing a coherent or incoherent beam with higher intensity the light-induced scattering can be suppressed through the erasure of scattering gratings. The difference between coherent and incoherent beam is that the former can also amplify the signal beam as the scattered light is removed, whereas the latter can only make the signal beam revert to its initial state. The results obtained under different experimental conditions are consistent with theoretical analysis.     

INVESTIGATION OF PHOTOREFRACTIVE TWO-WAVE COUPLING IN Cr-DOPED STRONTIUM BARIUM NIOBATE CRYSTAL

We present here the experimental results of photorefractive two-wave coupling in the congruent strontium barium niobate (SBN:61) crystal doped with 1000ppm Cr. Employing a He－Ne laser (632.8nm), we observed the coupling characteristics under different conditions. The crystal shows excellent photorefractive properties, with a high coupling coefficient nearly 6cm^-1 as the beam intensity ratio m is less than 100. The saturated coupling coefficient of SBN:61:Cr shows a maximum at a certain external beam crossing angle 2θ_peak, which varies with different m, showing a nearly linear dependence on m. The saturated coupling response time τ is measured to be less than 0.8 s. The response time decreased with increasing beam crossing angles no matter how large m is. We also observed the behaviour of the probe beam in reversed experimental procedures. We found that the probe beam shows a bistable state in both procedures.     

SBN:Cr晶体的光折变四波混频相位共轭特性实验研究

从实验上研究了同成分SBN:Cr晶体在He-Ne激光照射下的四波混频相位共轭特性.首先测量了在不同泵浦光与信号光光强比m及不同光束夹角2θ的情况下,晶体的四波混频相位共轭反射率R随泵浦光强比p的变化关系.其次测量了泵浦光束与信号光束耦合方向对SBN:Cr晶体的四波混频相位共轭特性的影响,并就两种不同掺杂浓度的晶体样品进行了对比,所得实验结果与理论分析基本一致.最后,利用SBN:Cr晶体四波混频相位共轭特性进行了图象畸变消除实验.     

KNbO3:Fe晶体的最佳二波耦合

本文在分析光折变晶体KNbO3:Fe的最佳二波耦合条件的基础上,通过计算和实验研究了晶体KNbO3:Fe的二波耦合增益系数Γ与两光束的夹角2θ、光栅矢量的取向β及不同电光系数r51或r42的关系,获得了在特定掺杂浓度N～1016cm-3条件下KNbO3:Fe晶体的最佳二波耦合条件为:θm～4°-8°并且βm～45°.     

High-speed photorefraction at telecommunication wavelength 1.55 microm in Sn2P2S6:Te

We demonstrated for what is the first time to our knowledge photorefractive two-wave mixing in a bulk ferroelectric crystal using cw light at the telecommunication wavelength 1.55 microm. In the Te-doped ferroelectric semiconductor Sn2P2S6 with absorption constant <0.1 cm(-1) at 1.55 microm, grating recording times of 10 ms and a two-beam coupling gain of 2.8 cm(-1) have been measured at 350 mW power (intensity 440 W/cm(2)) without a necessity to apply an external electric field. With a moving grating technique, a maximal gain of 6.0 cm(-1) has been obtained.     

Beam coupling and decoupling in degenerate two-wave mixing in a reflection geometry with photorefractive Bi2GeO20 crystals

The dependence of the effective gain on the incident angle of the beams and on the initial beam intensity ratio is studied in the experiment of degenerate two-wave mixing (TWM) in a reflection geometry with photorefractive Bi₁₂GeO₂₀ (BGO) crystals. A saturation value of the effective coupling constant ¦g¦-0.4 cm^–1 is obtained. In contrast to TWM operated in the drift mode (i.e. with a nonzero electric field applied to the crystal), for TWM operated in the diffusion mode (zero external electric field) as is our case, beam coupling is reduced by moving the crystal or the interference fringes at a constant speed. At high moving speeds, complete beam decoupling can be reached. A comparison between the theoretical and measured dependence of the effective gain on the moving speed is also made. Using this technique, complete isolation of two intersecting coherent beams inside a nonlinear medium can be achieved.     

Photorefractive properties of paraelectric potassium lithium tantalate niobate crystal doped with iron

We report the successful growth of paraelectric potassium lithium tantalate niobate (KLTN) single crystal doped with iron. Detailed investigations have been made on the photorefractive properties of the as-grown crystal. The key parameters such as space-charge field, grating response time, photorefractive sensitivity and sign of the dominant charge carrier were obtained by two-wave mixing technique. 1.7 mm thick sample exhibits a high diffraction efficiency of 78% at the external field of 3.3 kV/cm and a sensitivity of 1.49 × 10⁻¹⁰E₀ cm²/J. The two-wave mixing gain coefficient increases linearly with external field, and reaches a large value of 19.4 cm⁻¹ at 4 kV/cm. Based on experimental results, iron is an effective dopant to KLTN which shows high diffraction efficiency and two-wave mixing gain coefficient.     

Theoretical analysis of the effects of frequency detuning dependence of photorefractive two- beam coupling coefficient on gain and phase-shifts of the signal beam for a coupled unidirectional photorefractive ring resonators

Dependence of two-beam coupling gain and phase-shift of the signal beams on the frequency detuning for a coupled unidirectional ring resonators based on non-degenerate two-wave mixing in the photorefractive crystals have been investigated in details. The effects of various parameters characterizing the photorefractive medium such as frequency detuning, absorption strength, two-beam energy coupling strength and pump intensity of the external laser beams, on the two-beam coupling gain and phase-shift of the signal beams for a coupled UPRR have also been studied in details. It has been found that the photorefractive gain of the signal beam in the primary cavity of the coupled UPRR can be enhanced to the higher order by taking the lower value of the frequency detuning of the primary cavity which could exist at much lower value of the absorption strength of the crystal B. This higher value of photorefractive gains in the cavities are responsible for the strong coupling between the modes of the oscillations of the coupled UPRR.