考虑多颗粒近程相互作用的电流变液泊肃叶流动行为

考虑多颗粒近程相互作用,利用等效平板电导模型,由分子动力学方法模拟了电流变液泊肃叶流动行为.研究结果表明在外电场作用下,流动流体形成柱塞区的时间比由偶极子模型所得结果大为缩短,呼吸式跃迁峰值也有很大提高.依据颗粒在接触区的相互作用解释了跃迁区的形成.模拟出三维颗粒运动速度剖面和颗粒结构状态演化过程 关键词： 电流变液 多相互作用 泊肃叶流动     

固液双相电流变系统流动过程的相转变特性

考虑电流变液多粒子近程相互作用，利用等效平板电导模型，研究了电流变液流动过程相转变点的特性，并设计实验观察了电流变液中的这种相转变现象.研究结果表明，电流变液在一定压力梯度作用下发生流动，此时为双相流；当外加电场达到某一值时，电流变液中颗粒不流动，由固液双相流转变为液体单相流动，发生场控相转变，理论模拟结果与实验观察结果基本相符.阈值电场随外加压力梯度的增加而加大，随颗粒浓度的增加而减小. 关键词： 电流变液 颗粒流 相转变     

电流变液泊肃叶流动的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学模拟方法研究了电流变液泊肃叶流动中颗粒的运动方式,模拟出的速度剖面分为两个区域,靠近电极区域的颗粒表现为呼吸式的跃迁运动形式,称为跃迁区,而在两个电极中间区域则为平稳运动方式,称为柱塞区.此外模拟出了体积流率与相对压力梯度之间的关系.并分析了临界压力梯度和临界电场强度及阻断流动的影响因素 关键词：     

平行平板间电流变液非零压力梯度Couette流动的稳定性分析

采用Rajagopal和Wineman所提出本构方程,对电流变液在二维平行平板间非零压力梯度Couette流动的线性稳定性问题进行研究。通过分析和数值计算发现,任何壁面运动都将使流动稳定性增强。在外加电场存在的情况下,电流变液效应也将使流动稳定性增强。     

极板形貌修饰对电流变液/极板界面滑移抑制实验研究

被外电场极化而固化的电流变液容易在极板处产生剪切滑移而降低其力学性能.使用抛光、激光打坑、覆盖尼龙网和光刻腐蚀四种方法对极板形貌进行了修饰,并对电流变液的压缩力学性能进行了测试.研究表明,光滑极板和光刻腐蚀柱阵列极板易产生界面滑移而压缩强度较低,粗糙坑阵列和覆盖尼龙网可抑制界面滑移而压缩强度高.极板形貌增强极板附近局部电场强度,强化了链末端与极板间的作用,迫使链结构屈服位置远离链末端,从而有效抑制了滑移.研究结果对进一步认识电流变液的屈服强度,提高电流变器件的力学性能有重要参考价值. 关键词： 电流变液 滑移 极板形貌修饰 压缩应力     

奇特的电流变液

 电流变液(ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｈｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＦｌｕｉｄ)是由高介电常数的固体颗粒悬浮于某种低介电常数、低黏性的不导电液体中所形成的,未加电场时,电流变液内的颗粒无序分布,施加电场后,颗粒迅速聚集成跨越电极的链或柱,当施加的电场足够大时,电流变液转变为类似固态,撤去外电场时,又恢复为液态,这一液固两态相变的响应时间为毫秒量级,这一奇特属性,再加上电流变液的电导率低,产生电流变效应所需的电功输入少,电流变液的电热效应低,使得电流变液在工业技术中有着极大的潜在应用。     

电流变液系统流动的渐近估计

根据电流变液中球形颗粒的运动模型，研究了颗粒质量很小时，电流变液中颗粒运动的渐近状态，利用微分不等式理论，给出了相应运动的渐近估计. 关键词： 电流变液 微分不等式理论 渐近估计     

多极板电流变阀应用于避震器之研究

以流动模式（flow mode)多极板之电流变阀（electrorheological valve)进行避震器阻尼力特性的研究。由于电极板的大小直接影响到流体流动的剪力及避雷器的阻尼力,因此使用多极板型式来探讨避震器的特性。设计有1－5个流道之并联及1－3个流道之串联多极板电流变阀的电流变避震器,并使用自制的电流变液进行实验。由研究结果显示,流动式并联极板之电流变避震器,一个流道之阻尼力最大,流道极板增加则阻尼力反而下降,而流动式串联多极板之电流变避震器之阻尼力则随极板数递增,故需要高阻尼力之避震器较适合使用串联多极板型式。     

非等温eXtended Pom-Pom泊肃叶流动的光滑粒子流体动力学方法模拟

开展非等温黏弹性泊肃叶流动的光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)方法模拟,其中流体的黏弹特性依据eXtended Pom-Pom(XPP)本构模型进行建模和计算。推导温度方程的SPH离散格式,并依据时温等效原理考量流体的黏弹特性对温度的依赖。将SPH模拟结果与利用有限体积方法得到的结果进行比较,验证SPH方法模拟非等温XPP泊肃叶流动的准确性和有效性。利用4个不同粒子初始间距进行模拟,讨论SPH方法的数值收敛性。研究温度方程的引入对泊肃叶流动带来的影响。深入分析不同物理参数对流动过程的影响。     

电流变液的微波透射调控行为

依据外电场作用下电流变液结构由各向同性转变为各向异性及介电性能改变的实验事实,建立了微波穿透电流变液样品的理论模型,导出了微波透射率的基本表达形式.理论模拟显示:当电流变液的介电常量小于所处环境的介电常量时,透射率随电场的增加而增加;反之则减小.实验研究表明:电流变液的微波衰减(透射率)的变化可以通过电场来调控.分析认为在外加电场作用下,电流变液结构转变和介电性能的变化是导致微波透射率可调控的主要原因.     

Density waves and the effect of wall roughness in granular Poiseuille flow: Simulationand linear stability

The formation of density waves and the effect of wall roughness on them are studied using molecular dynamics simulations of gravity-driven granular Poiseuille flow. Three basic types of structures are found in moderately dense flows: a plug, a sinuous wave and a slug; a new varicose wave mode has been identified in dense flows with channels of large widths at moderate dissipations; only clump-like structures appear in dilute flows. The simulation results are contrasted with the predictions of a linear stability analysis of the kinetic-theory continuum equations for granular Poiseuille flow. The theoretical predictions on the form of density waves are in qualitative agreement with simulations in denser flows, however, there are discrepancies between simulation and theory in dilute flows.     

Shear-induced migration in colloidal suspensions

Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we perform a systematic investigation of the shear-induced migration of colloidal particles subject to Poiseuille flow in both cylindrical and planar geometry. We find that adding an attractive component to the interparticle interaction enhances the migration effect, consistent with recent simulation studies of platelet suspensions. Monodisperse, bidisperse and polydisperse systems are studied over a range of shear-rates, considering both steady-states and the transient dynamics arising from the onset of flow. For bidisperse and polydisperse systems, size segregation is observed.     

Molecular dynamic simulation of Copper and Platinum nanoparticles Poiseuille flow in a nanochannels

In this paper, simulation of Poiseuille flow within nanochannel containing Copper and Platinum particles has been performed using molecular dynamic (MD). In this simulation LAMMPS code is used to simulate three-dimensional Poiseuille flow. The atomic interaction is governed by the modified Lennard–Jones potential. To study the wall effects on the surface tension and density profile, we placed two solid walls, one at the bottom boundary and the other at the top boundary. For solid–liquid interactions, the modified Lennard–Jones potential function was used. Velocity profiles and distribution of temperature and density have been obtained, and agglutination of nanoparticles has been discussed. It has also shown that with more particles, less time is required for the particles to fuse or agglutinate. Also, we can conclude that the agglutination time in nanochannel with Copper particles is faster that in Platinum nanoparticles. Finally, it is demonstrated that using nanoparticles raises thermal conduction in the channel.     

Analysis of remote detection travel time curves measured from microfluidic channels

Remote detection technique can increase sensitivity of an NMR experiment by several orders of magnitude in microfluidic applications. Travel time experiment is a basic remote detection NMR experiment, which reveals the travel time distribution of the molecules flowing from the encoding coil region to the detector. In this article, we focus on analyzing how flow type (Poiseuille or plug flow), diffusion, dispersion and geometry of the flow channels are manifested in the travel time curves measured from microfluidic channels. We demonstrate that remote detection travel time experiment could be used even as an alternative NMR method for measuring self-diffusion coefficient of a fluid without magnetic field gradients. In addition, we introduce a modified travel time pulse sequence, which removes the signal of unencoded fluid spins as well as the background signal arising from the material inside or close to the detector.     

Poiseuille flow of phonons in solid hydrogen

The thermal conductivity of solid parahydrogen is investigated using the stationary method with a plane sample in the temperature range 1.5–6.0 K in order to reveal a Poiseuille flow in solid hydrogen. It is established that the thermal conductivity at temperatures below the low-temperature maximum decreases very rapidly in accordance with the law K ～ T ⁿ (3 < n < 8). This finding is a direct indication that the possibility exists of observing a Poiseuille flow in solid hydrogen. The results obtained are compared with those for solid helium, in which the Poiseuille flow was observed for the first time in dielectric solids. According to the estimates, the mean free path of phonons at a temperature of approximately 3 K exceeds the radius of a cylindrical sample (3 mm). The thermal conductivity in the vicinity of the low-temperature maximum is found to be two times higher than the value available in the literature.     

矩形微槽道气体流动的速度分布

矩形微槽道的各个流向截面可以局部近似为平面Poiseuille流动,应用信息保存(IP)方法和直接模拟Monte Carlo(DSMC)方法计算了从连续介质区到自由分子流区的平面Poiseuille流动,利用其结果对Beskok-Karniadadis公式和质量流率动理论因子进行修正和重新拟合,给出在整个稀薄气体流动领域都适用的微槽道气体流动速度分布.     

Measurement of mass flow rate of particulate solids in gravity chute conveyor based on laser sensing array

This paper describes the design, computer simulation and experimental evaluation of a novel measurement system that has been recently developed for the measurement of mass flow rate of particles in a gravity chute convey pipeline. Comprehensive computer simulation and numerical calculations show that the proposed method with laser-sensing array is theoretically correct and the programmed algorithm is effective. This method has been characterized by dynamic testing, real time and continuous measurements. The results of simulation and experiment have demonstrated that the multi-laser source fan-shaped geometry can be an effective approach to interrogate the mass flow rate of particles over the pipe cross-section. The mass flow rate of particles derived from extinction principle has shown a good agreement with the projection sum of light beams and the real mass flow rate.     

Comparison of Kinetic Theory and Hydrodynamics for Poiseuille Flow

Comparison of particle (DSMC) simulation with the numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes (NS) equations for pressure-driven plane Poiseuille flow is presented and contrasted with that of the acceleration-driven Poiseuille flow. Although for the acceleration-driven case DSMC measurements are qualitatively different from the NS solution at relatively low Knudsen number, the two are in somewhat better agreement for pressure-driven flow.     

Nanoscale fluid flows in the vicinity of patterned surfaces

Molecular dynamics simulations of dense and rarefied fluids comprising small chain molecules in chemically patterned nanochannels predict a novel switching from Poiseuille to plug flow along the channel. We also demonstrate behavior akin to the lotus effect for a nanodrop on a chemically patterned substrate. Our results show that one can control and exploit the behavior of fluids at the nanoscale using chemical patterning.