分布式虚拟装配训练通用平台研究

针对当前部队训练中存在大量协同装配训练的问题,对基于系统通用性的分布式虚拟装配训练通用平台进行研究,提出了平台的功能模块和体系结构,研究了层次化装配体模型构建、基于运动副自由度规约的运动仿真、分布式虚拟训练以及碰撞检测等关键技术,开发并实现了分布式虚拟装配训练通用平台;实验结果表明,该平台能够满足协同装配的训练需求,且具有很好的通用性。     

直升机交互式桨叶振动调整仿真研究

为解决目前机务维修培训中存在的物理样机难以满足需求的问题,以实际机务维修工作中旋翼振动调整方法为参考,提出在虚拟维修训练系统的基础上实现受训人员对虚拟样机旋翼桨叶进行振动调整仿真操作,以期达到训练目的。根据非沉浸式虚拟维修训练系统的特点设计交互仿真操作逻辑,确定仿真操作步骤,分析座舱振动可视化表示方法,专用虚拟样机的构建方法以及虚拟仪器的实现方式和数据组织结构形式,并将该仿真实验以模块化形式添加到虚拟维修训练系统中,满足拆装条件下对虚拟样机的交互操作需求。最后以欧直松鼠直升机虚拟样机旋翼振动调整方法为例验证该操作仿真逻辑的可用性。     

基于虚拟测试仪器的诊断技术及在VMTS中应用

故障诊断是一门交叉学科,广泛应用于各个领域,在飞机维修虚拟训练系统(VMTS, Virtual Maintenance Training System)平台基础上,提出基于虚拟仪器进行测试、故障定位的仿真训练策略,构建了基于需求的虚拟测试仪器模型框架,并在VMTS系统中得到应用。通过虚拟测试仪器与推理模块协同配合的方法解决了维修虚拟训练过程中普遍存在的故障诊断类型套路化问题,并且能够完成复杂状态下的故障诊断任务,满足各种故障诊断训练要求,最后以尾桨故障诊断为例,证明该方法的可行性。     

基于XML的故障诊断虚拟训练描述模型研究

随着科学技术的迅猛发展,传统故障诊断训练存在的问题日益突出,越来越难以满足维修人员的故障诊断训练需求。提出了通过虚拟方式进行辅助训练,来提高维修人员的故障诊断能力和掌握故障诊断相关知识,满足故障诊断训练需求。为实现故障诊断虚拟训练,分析了故障诊断虚拟训练模型的描述要素和描述语言。运用诊断树分析方法,基于XML建立了故障诊断虚拟训练描述模型,为实现故障诊断虚拟训练提供模型支撑。最后,基于此模型对液压千斤顶回收不到位的故障进行了描述,验证了描述模型的正确性与实用性。     

沉浸式虚拟训练中的虚拟手操控技术研究

将人手的自然动作加入沉浸式虚拟现实系统中,可有效提高系统的沉浸感和交互性,简便快捷、成本低廉的虚拟手建模及操控技术,有助于此项内容的推广应用;在对虚拟手骨骼结构模型分析的基础上,提出了基于Leap Motion的虚拟手控制方法和流程;以维修训练为任务背景,设计了四种用于虚拟手操作的手势规则,并对实现流程和关键技术进行了分析;构建基于Unity3D引擎的原型系统对虚拟手进行仿真验证,结果表明,基于Leap Motion的虚拟手操控简单、交互自然,可以满足虚拟现实系统交互需要。     

多信号模型在虚拟故障建模与仿真中的应用

在分析虚拟维修训练需求和故障机理的基础上,提出基于多信号模型的电子装备故障建模方法,研究了虚拟环境中故障数据生成与实时检测、故障现象模拟及仿真运行流程等问题;在VC++环境下开发虚拟仪表,并借助实时通信模块获取Virtools环境中虚拟样机上的测试信号;最后,在Virtools中实现了某型无人机飞行指挥与控制系统故障建模与仿真,验证了该方法的可行性;多信号模型可以完整地描述故障的传递轨迹,高效、灵活地构建故障故障机理模型,为受训人员提供了一个实施诊断逻辑的良好训练环境。     

基于VMTS的旋翼伺服作动器故障诊断过程可视化

为了解决直升机旋翼伺服作动器维修保障过程中训练资源有限,拆装难度高,故障率较高且难以确定故障点等难题,在直升机虚拟维修训练系统(VMTS, virtual maintenance training system)的基础上,提出了应用虚拟仪器检测,确定故障点的直升机故障诊断可视化设计方法;分析了故障诊断过程中仪器、工具、环境等对故障诊断的影响,实现了动态的建立仿真模型和数据处理;通过虚拟仪器和推理机的功能配合,解决了直升机维护中复杂多变的故障诊断难题,形成一个逻辑推理能力强的故障诊断系统;最后以直升机旋翼伺服作动器故障诊断为例,验证该方法的可行性。     

基于气象因素的集中供热系统热负荷预测研究

为了解决直升机旋翼伺服作动器维修保障过程中训练资源有限,拆装难度高,故障率较高且难以确定故障点等难题,在直升机虚拟维修训练系统(VMTS, Virtual Maintenance Training System)的基础上,提出了应用虚拟仪器检测,确定故障点的直升机故障诊断可视化设计方法。分析了故障诊断过程中仪器、工具、环境等对故障诊断的影响,实现了动态的建立仿真模型和数据处理。通过虚拟仪器和推理机的功能配合,解决了直升机维护中复杂多变的故障诊断难题,形成一个逻辑推理能力强的故障诊断系统。最后以直升机旋翼伺服作动器故障诊断为例,验证该方法的可行性。     

最小化成本的可靠虚拟基础设施设计(英文)

在保证虚拟网络可靠性需求的条件下以最小化映射成本为目标,研究了可靠虚拟基础设施映射.在RVIM算法的基础上提出了Improved_RVIM算法,算法中一些工作虚拟节点适当地映射在相同的设施节点上,可以在不增加备份计算资源的条件下节省通信成本,降低总映射成本.仿真结果表明Improved-RVIM算法相比其它算法成本更低.     

基于非线性力反馈的血管介入手术训练系统

血管介入手术训练系统是利用虚拟现实技术帮助医生学员快速、高效、低成本地掌握血管介入手术技能的训练系统。由于国外商业产品存在较高技术壁垒且我国对本课题的研究起步较晚,导致系统存在血管形变仿真缺失、力反馈计算方法简单等诸多不足。针对这些问题研发了一套血管介入手术虚拟训练系统,实现了系统的血管与导丝柔性形变、血管碰撞检测、力反馈计算与导丝运动控制等功能。分别基于张量有限元和杆单元有限元构建了血管和导丝的物理模拟模型;研究了血管与导丝模型的碰撞检测方法;通过导丝前端碰撞模型与血管壁碰撞模型间的接触面积构造非线性力学方程,提出了非线性力反馈计算方法。实验结果表明,系统中血管张量有限元物理模型具有良好的柔性形变效果,为系统提供了较好的视觉反馈信息;非线性力反馈计算方法更好的模拟了导丝与血管间作用力的特性;系统实现了手术训练功能,并具有良好的实时性。     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.     

Atomic and electronic structures and stability of icosahedral nanodiamonds and onions

The relative stability of alternative carbon nanoparticles with icosahedral symmetry, such as diamond-like nanocrystallites and multiwalled fullerenes (onions), is investigated using the parametric model and the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. It is demonstrated that an increase in the size of particles and their hydrogenation favor the stabilization of diamond-like nanocrystallites. The formation of “intermediate” nanostructures consisting of diamond-like nanocrystallites inside the fullerene cage is revealed. The electronic spectra of icosahedral carbon nanoparticles are calculated.