一个可能的P波型重费密子超导体——UBe_(13)

在朗道的费密液体理论框架下,我们解释了重费密子超导体UBe_(13)的超导临界温度随压力变化的实验结果。所得结论是:PBe_(13)可能是一个P波型的重费密子超导体。同时也发现由于加压使得系统的f能级与费密能级的相对移动和f电子与导带电子杂化的增加对S波超导有利,而对P波超导不利。     

一个可能的P波型重费密子超导体——UBe13

在朗道的费密液体理论框架下,我们解释了重费密子超导体UBe₁₃的超导临界温度随压力变化的实验结果。所得结论是:PBe₁₃可能是一个P波型的重费密子超导体。同时也发现由于加压使得系统的f能级与费密能级的相对移动和f电子与导带电子杂化的增加对S波超导有利,而对P波超导不利。 关键词：     

Kondo晶格中超导热力学临界场的研究

本文在两带准粒子模型下研究了Kondo晶格中超导热力学临界场的行为。我们唯象地引入了准粒子之间的有效吸引相互作用,由系统的两个超导序参量所满足的自洽方程出发计算了超导态与正常态热力学函数之差,由此得到了Kondo晶格中超导热力学临界场的表达式,并结合重费米子超导体CeCu_2Si_2、UBe_(13)和UPt_3的有关实验对所得理论结果进行了讨论。     

CeCu_2Si_2和UBe_(13)的超导理论(Ⅰ) 模型,T_c及序参量

本文从周期性的Anderson晶格模型出发,考虑到局域电子与局域晶格形变的作用,对CeCu_2Si_2和UBe_(13)的重费密子超导现象进行了理论研究。通过计算,得到了合理的超导转变温度T_c;给出了描述同位素效应大小的参数α<1/2,甚至等于零(在BCS理论中α=1/2),说明现在的理论给出的同位素效应比BCS理论小,甚至可以不存在同位素效应,这与重费密子超导的实验相符合;此外还给出了序参量随温度及态密度变化的关系曲线,由此可以自然地得出f电子参加超导的结论。     

重费密子体系的磁化率反常

作者之一提出重费密子体系是一种f电子可以随温度变化的Kondo体系,f电子被束缚在费密面附近的一个窄带上,由此模型,本文在理论上给出磁化率随温度的变化关系,统一地解释了磁化率的各种反常,理论的数值计算给出了八种重费密子的磁化率,它们都与实验曲线较好地符合,同时讨论了重费密子体系的磁化率对样品的依赖性。 关键词：     

势无序对重费密子超导态的影响

本文将Yoshimori-Kasai模型的 Slave-boson平均场理论推广到Nambu空间,求出了重费密子超导态的格林函数,研究了 d-波配对的重费密子超导体对非磁杂质的强敏感行为,所得结果与实验更加符合.     

CeCu2Si2和UBe13的超导理论(Ⅰ) ——模型,Tc及序参量

本文从周期性的Anderson晶格模型出发,考虑到局域电子与局域晶格形变的作用,对CeCu₂Si₂和UBe₁₃的重费密子超导现象进行了理论研究。通过计算,得到了合理的超导转变温度T_c;给出了描述同位素效应大小的参数α<1/2,甚至等于零(在BCS理论中α=1/2),说明现在的理论给出的同位素效应比BCS理论小,甚至可以不存在同位素效应,这与重费密子超导的实验相符合;此外还给出了序参量随温度及态密度变化的关系曲线,由此可 关键词：     

重费密子合金的Slave Boson平均场理论

本文从Yoshimori-Kasai模型出发,在Slave Boson平均场范围内采用相干势近似方法,给出一个描述重费密子合金正常态的理论。自洽计算了重费密子合金中传导电子和强关联f电子的态密度随合金浓度的变化。所得结果不仅明确揭示了态密度中赝隙形成的过程,还对重费密子合金中比热和热电功率的低温相干效应作出了合理的解释。     

重费密子超导系统的Landau费密液体理论

我们已近似地将周期性Anderson模型哈密顿量中的参数与Landau的费密液体理论中的唯象参数联系起来了,并且将这些理论应用到了重费密子超导系统,结果与实验定性相符。结论是由重费密于液体中的相互作用而引起的超导系统应是P波型超导系统。 关键词：     

一个可能的重费密子超导机制——电子-Slave Boson超导机制

采用Anderson晶格哈密顿量,在超出平均场的理论框架下,讨论了重费密子超导电性问题。发现在Slave Boson场的长波长极限情况下,同类准粒子之间通过交换Slave Boson而产生的相互作用是吸引的,而只有第一类准粒子——准f电子对重费密子超导电性有贡献。 关键词：     

On the theory of superconductivity in Kondo lattice systems

An attempt is made to explain the occurrence of superconductivity in Kondo lattice systems with special reference to CeCu₂Si₂. Starting point is the Fermi liquid approach. It is generalized from a Kondo impurity to the Kondo lattice by means of the Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker method. From it a hybridization model is derived and discussed in detail. Two electron-phonon mechanisms are investigated which appear in Kondo lattices. One results from the additional phase shifts caused by the Kondo ions while the other is responsible for the so-called Kondo volume collapse. It is shown that the latter is sufficiently strong in order to explain why CeCu₂Si₂ is a superconductor while LaCu₂Si₂ is not. An estimate for the superconducting transition temperatureT _c produces the right order of magnitude.     

Calorimetric investigation under high pressure of the heavy fermion superconductor CeCu2Si2

The heavy fermion compound CeCu₂Si₂ is commonly regarded as a Kondo lattice system. Though it has been shown that the heavy mass quasiparticles participate in its superconductivity below ～ 0.7 K, a detailed understanding of the interdependence of the superconducting and the Kondo lattice parameters is still to be developed. The application of pressure is one useful approach to study this problem. In this paper we present results of specific heat measurements between 0.3 K and 2 K under pressures up to 5.9 kbar. While in our sample T_c hardly changes, the normal state specific heat, which is exclusively of electronic origin in the present temperature range, is rapidly decreased in a monotonous way, qualitatively corresponding to the expected rise of the Kondo temperature with pressure. In contrast to this behaviour, a strong nonlinear change of the jump Δc(T_c) passing through a maximum near 3 kbar is observed. We suggest that this reflects changes of the Kondo lattice coherence structure in the quasiparticle density of states near E_F.     

Cross-over effects in heavy-fermion superconductors

The influence of correlation effects on superconductivity in lanthanide and actinide compounds is investigated theoretically. As driving mechanism for the formation of heavy-fermion Cooper pairs different electron-phonon interactions are considered and discussed within the Anderson lattice model. The elimination of the bare electron-phonon interactions and a BCS-like truncation procedure lead to the appearance of different types of Cooper pairs. The stability of these Cooper pairs in the Kondo lattice state is studied by using a semi-phenomenological parameter which effectively describes the correlation off electrons. It is found that hybrid pairing is less important and that superconductivity of conduction andf electrons always occurs simultaneously. Furthermore, in the case of strongly correlatedf electrons a cross-over takes place from mainly heavy-fermion superconductivity to conduction electron superconductivity.Dedicated to B. Mühlschlegel on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

Half-filled Kondo lattice on the honeycomb lattice

The unique linear density of state around the Dirac points for the honeycomb lattice brings much novel features in strongly correlated models. Here we study the ground-state phase diagram of the Kondo lattice model on the honeycomb lattice at half-filling by using an extended mean-field theory. By treating magnetic interaction and Kondo screening on an equal footing, it is found that besides a trivial discontinuous first-order quantum phase transition between well-defined Kondo insulator and antiferromagnetic insulating state, there can exist a wide coexistence region with both Kondo screening and antiferromagnetic orders in the intermediate coupling regime. In addition, the stability of Kondo insulator requires a minimum strength of the Kondo coupling. These features are attributed to the linear density of state, which are absent in the square lattice. Furthermore, fluctuation effect beyond the mean-field decoupling is analyzed and the corresponding antiferromagnetic spin-density-wave transition falls into the O(3) universal class. Comparatively, we also discuss the Kondo necklace and the Kane-Mele-Kondo (KMK) lattice models on the same lattice. Interestingly, it is found that the topological insulating state is unstable to the usual antiferromagnetic ordered states at half-filling for the KMK model. The present work may be helpful for further study on the interplay between conduction electrons and the densely localized spins on the honeycomb lattice.     

三点弯曲试验 条件下花岗岩声发射横纵波特征及损伤演化*

开展花岗岩三点弯曲试验,利用横纵波两种传感器接收花岗岩破坏过程的声发射信号,对比分析声发射横纵波信号的时频特征,在此基础上,基于声发射横纵波建立损伤变量,探讨花岗岩三点弯曲条件下损伤演化规律。研究结果表明：花岗岩破坏过程声发射横纵波事件率变化趋势较为相似,临近峰值载荷时均加速上升,破坏时达到峰值,但纵波事件率加速点早于横波事件率;声发射横纵波能率变化趋势一致,呈现峰前低水平稳定变化、峰后陡升到峰值的特征。声发射横纵波主频在临近峰值载荷逐渐形成主频条带,但其频率存在差异,纵波主频分布在0~10 kHz、30~50 kHz和100~110 kHz,而横波主频集中分布在0~10 kHz。相比纵波损伤变量,横波损伤变量能够刻画峰后损伤急速发展的过程,能较好地表征花岗岩三点弯曲作用下损伤变化规律。     

Intersite coupling effects in a kondo lattice

The La dilution of the Kondo lattice CeCoIn5 is studied. The scaling laws found for the magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat reveal two well-separated energy scales, corresponding to the single-impurity Kondo temperature T(K) and an intersite spin-liquid temperature T(*). The Ce-dilute alloy has the expected Fermi liquid ground state, while the specific heat and resistivity in the dense Kondo regime exhibit non-Fermi-liquid behavior, which scales with T(*). These observations indicate that the screening of the magnetic moments in the lattice involves antiferromagnetic intersite correlations with a larger energy scale in comparison with the Kondo impurity case.     

Exotic Kondo effects in metals: Magnetic ions in a crystalline electric field and tunnelling centres

The ordinary single-channel Kondo model consists of one or more spin-½ local moments interacting antiferromagnetically with conduction electrons in a metal. This model has provided a paradigm for understanding many phenomena of strongly correlated electronic materials, ranging from the formation of heavyfermion Fermi liquids to the mapping of a one-band model in the cuprate superconductors. The simplest extension of this ordinary Kondo model in metals which yields exotic non-Fermi-liquid physics is the multichannel Kondo impurity model in which the conduction electrons are given an extra quantum label known as the channel or flavour index. In the overcompensated regime of this model, nonFermi-liquid physics is possible, in contrast with the single-channel model. We overview here the multichannel Kondo impurity model candidates most extensively studied for explaining real materials, specifically the two-level system Kondo model relevant for metallic glasses, nanoscale devices and some doped semiconductors, and the quadrupolar and magnetic two-channel Kondo models developed for rare-earth and actinide ions with crystal-field splittings in metals. We provide an extensive justification for the derivation of the theoretical models, noting that, whenever the local impurity degree of freedom is non-magnetic, a two-channel Kondo model must follow by virtue of the magnetic spin degeneracy of the conduction electrons. We carefully delineate all energy and symmetry restrictions on the applicability of these models. We describe the various methods used to study these models along with their results and limitations (multiplicative renormalization group, numerical renormalization group, non-crossing approximation, conformal field theory and Abelian bosonization), all of which provide differing and useful views of the physics. We pay particular attention to the role that scale invariance plays in all these theoretical approaches. We point out in each case how various perturbing fields (magnetic, crystalline electric, electric field gradients and uniaxial stress) may destabilize the non-Fermi-liquid fixed point. We then provide an extensive discussion of the experimental evidence for the relevance of the two-level system Kondo model to metallic glasses and nanoscale devices, and of the quadrupolar and magnetic two-channel models to a number of heavyfermion-based alloys and compounds. We close with a discussion of the extension of the single-impurity models which comprise the main focus of this review to other systems (Coulomb blockade), multiple impurities and lattice models. In the latter case, we provide an overview of the relevance of the two-channel Kondo lattice model to non-Fermi-liquid behaviour and exotic superconductivity in heavy-fermion compounds and to the theoretical possibility of odd-frequency superconductivity, which is realized (for the first time) in the limit of infinite spatial dimensions for this model.     

Paris NN Potential and the Possible Resonance States of pp

By solving the complex Schrodinger equation with the phenomenological Paris optical potential between nucleon (N) and antinucleon(N),the near-threshold binding and resonant behaviors of the pp system are studied. As the result, a 13P0 resonance state of pp is obtained. It is found that the energy and width of the state are compatible with the BES data in which the observed enhancement in the J/ψ→γpp decay was fitted by a Breit-Wigner (B-W) formula either in the S-wave or in the P-wave. The indication of the results and the suggestion for the further theoretical investigation are discussed.