锥形透镜光纤聚焦特性研究

锥形透镜光纤(TLF)是实现光纤与平面光波光路(PLC)芯片高效耦合的核心元件。了解和掌握其聚焦特性是指导平面光波光路尾纤封装技术的关键。给出了表征锥形透镜光纤聚焦特性的两个参量出射光斑直径和远场发散角的理论分析模型,其误差小于1.14%;采用光束传播法数值模拟了锥形透镜光纤中的光波传输和模斑的演化,确定了锥形透镜光纤端面出射光斑的大小;优化锥形透镜光纤结构参量为:拉锥长度300μm,锥角0.733°,透镜曲率半径13.485μm;建立了基于数字摄像机的锥形透镜光纤出射光场测试系统,提出了物理光学反向推演法,计算出锥形透镜光纤聚焦光斑尺寸和远场发散角。理论与实验结果有着良好的一致:对于相同结构参量的锥形透镜光纤,实验反推法得到的出射光斑尺寸与理论值相比误差为3.15%,远场发散角误差为3.67%。     

三种不同端面光纤列阵和半导体激光列阵耦合的(数值)模拟

半导体激光列阵的输出光束有较大的发散角和较强的不对称性，极大地限制了其在各领域中的应用。为了改善半导体激光列阵输出光束的质量，必须采用特殊的光学系统进行光束整形。一种简单有效的方法是利用光纤列阵实现光束由线性排列到圆形排列的转换。对三种特殊制备的光纤列阵和半导体激光列阵的耦合特性进行了数值模拟研究。结果显示，相对于球形端面光纤列阵和锥形端面光纤列阵，球顶锥形端面光纤列阵和半导体激光列阵有着更高的耦合效率(90％以上)。此外，利用球顶锥形端面光纤列阵还可以进一步压缩输出光束的发散角，从而获得更高质量的输出光束。     

高功率蓝光半导体激光加工光源EI北大核心CSCD

针对目前铜、金等金属材料加工的实际应用需求,开展了连续输出功率500 W的光纤耦合输出蓝光半导体激光加工光源研究。基于平面窗口TO封装的蓝光半导体激光单管器件,设计采用长后工作距的快轴准直镜和慢轴准直镜分别准直,获得低发散角、高光束质量的单元准直光束;结合二维空间合束、偏振合束和光纤耦合,将144个蓝光单管器件耦合进200μm/NA 0.22光纤,通过ZEMAX软件对半导体激光光路进行光线追踪模拟;并从实验上实现,3 A电流驱动下,200μm/NA 0.22光纤输出连续功率523 W,电光转换效率29%。该激光光源具有直接加工铜、金等材料的能力。     

二极管激光器垂直阵列光束精密准直

 为实现二极管激光器垂直阵列输出光束具有小发散角、高指向精度的特点,简述了快轴准直（FAC）微透镜的光束准直原理,分析了调节装置的精度要求及透镜选择等问题。通过光学成像方法实时监测二极管激光bar条的近场像和远场像,对FAC透镜分别进行粗调节和细调节,获得了20个bar条连续输出2 kW,垂直阵列二极管激光快轴准直光束远场发散角4.4 mrad,bar条间准直光束指向精度不大于±1.7 mrad的准直效果,并对监测精度进行了简要分析。对影响光束准直效果的因素进行了分析,指出了工艺优化的重点。     

保证眼晴安全的激光发射器

这是一台把高强度空间相干激光束转换成空间非相干辐射光源的装置。它可使空间相干激光光束的时间相干性、频率特性以及偏振保持不变。激光是定向的,所以输出的相干光束投射在光学透镜上,使相干光束在用氢氟酸腐蚀过的毛玻璃片上成象,构成空间扩散体。从扩散器散射出的辐射光转换成空间非相干辐射光,但仍保留一些相干光束的重要特征,即偏振和瞬时相干性。扩散器将一束非相干辐射的发散光束输入到准直仪,以提供准直输出光束,可作为一种“眼睛安全”的方法用于激光通讯、激光测距和其他激光领域的装置。     

激光引信中半导体激光器的准直及其测试

在理论上分析了单级单透镜光学系统对激光高斯光束发散角的影响。用单个平凸透镜对激光引信中的半导体激光器进行了准直，达到了激光引信光束准直的要求。通过CCD成像方法对准直后的光束发散角进行了测量，利用二阶矩算法计算出光束发散角。实验测得2个方向的发散角分别为θx=7.03°和θy=0.69°，验证了准直系统达到激光引信要求的θx＜10°和θy＜1°技术指标。     

高功率激光光纤耦合系统设计与分析

端面抽运耦合是高功率光纤激光器的常用耦合方式之一.在不考虑像差的情况下,采用高斯光束传输的ABCD定律,参照混合模系数M2的定义,研究了类高斯光束通过双透镜后腰斑和发散角的变化规律,设计了一种将LD尾纤输出的大功率多模激光耦合进双包层光纤的透镜耦合系统,针对透镜组通光孔径、透镜加工要求、系统尺寸等影响耦合系统效率的各种因素作了简要分析.该系统已成功运用于光纤激光器实验,验证了设计方案的可行性.     

大容差光纤耦合技术研究

设计了一种新型的耦合系统,该耦合系统由大口径聚焦透镜、1/4节距自聚焦透镜、锥形光纤和球端光纤四部分组成.分析了自聚焦透镜压缩发散角和球端光纤增大数值孔径的机理,给出了计算锥形光纤参量的详细流程.采用大口径透镜和1/4节距自聚焦透镜有效增大径向位置容差和角度容差,然后通过锥形光纤压缩光束半径将激光耦合进球端光纤.仿真实验结果表明,该系统耦合在r<3 mm,－1<θ<1.5范围内的耦合效率稳定保持在50%以上.     

神光-Ⅲ诊断包瞄准指示器光学系统的设计和研究

介绍采用瞄准指示器提高诊断包瞄准精度的方法。基于高斯光束薄透镜变换原理分析由单模光纤耦合输出的激光经过瞄准指示器的光学系统后的传输特性,提出近轴放大率是影响瞄准指示器像方光斑大小的主要因素。设计一个以光纤耦合输出激光为光源,工作波长为635nm,总长小于100mm,瞄准距离（600～1500）mm,在靶心处相应光斑大小为（46.2～71.9）μm的神光-Ⅲ诊断包瞄准指示器光学系统。该激光光学系统采用3片普通光学玻璃,其中固定组由正负分离的2片玻璃组成,变焦组为单片负透镜。最后利用点扩散函数和波像差进行质量评价,结果表明该光学系统设计指标达到技术要求。     

异轴双半圆柱透镜准直半导体激光光束

运用光线追迹的方法,讨论了异轴双半圆柱透镜准直半导体激光光束的效率.数值模拟结果表明,异轴双半圆柱透镜可用于准直半导体激光光束,在最佳准直时,透镜材料的折射率允许高于2;当折射率在一定的范围内变化时,其准直效率随折射率的增大而提高.理论上可以将半导体激光器输出光束快轴方向的发散角压缩到0.1 mrad量级以下.     

激光束散角复合控制技术

为了降低部分相干光光学系统设计的复杂度及成本,增加部分相干光应用的便捷性,提出了一种液晶空间光调制器的激光相干度及束散角复合控制方法。首先介绍了对激光光束进行相干度和束散角复合控制的基本理论和方法;然后分别设置了相干度和束散角检测实验,检测了本方法所调制激光光束的相干度和束散角的准确性。实验结果表明,采用液晶空间光调制器生成相干度为0.9 mm、束散角为7.5 mrad,以及相干度为1.5 mm、束散角为3.8 mrad的部分相干光束,其相干度与理论值相比误差在5%以内,其相干度均方根误差分别为0.027386和0.031314,峰谷值分别为0.084658和0.089103;其束散角与理论值相比误差在5%以内,其束散角均方根误差分别为0.022478和0.023186,峰谷值分别为0.081201和0.092130。可见,该方法可以实现高精度的相干度及束散角复合控制。     

多模光纤产生用于大气光通信的部分相干光源

 克服大气湍流对近地大气光通信质量影响，可归结为在接收端的照明均匀化，而采用部分相干光照明则是提高照明均匀性的一种有效途径。提出利用多模光纤的模间色散产生一个具有部分相干光特性的合成光源的方法，分析了该光源的产生原理，表明光束发散角由光纤芯径和发射透镜的焦距决定，由模间色散产生的光程差越大，该合成光源的空间相干性越差。仿真结果表明形成1 mrad远场发散角的合成光源是可行的，因而适于在空间光通信中应用。     

The directionality of partially coherent beams expressed in terms of the far-field divergence angle and of the far-field radiant intensity distribution

Taking the partially coherent cosh-Gaussian beam (ChG) as an illustrative example, the far-field divergence angle and directionality of partially coherent beams are studied. There are three competing physical mechanisms, i.e., the spatial coherence, diffraction and decentration, which affect the far-field divergence angle of partially coherent ChG beams. Two partially coherent ChG beams may generate the same far-field divergence angle, and partially coherent ChG beams may also have the same far-field divergence angle as a fully coherent ChG beam or as a fully coherent Gaussian laser beam if the three physical mechanisms are appropriately balanced. The consistency of the directionality of partially coherent beams expressed in terms of the far-field divergence angle and in terms of the far-field radiant intensity distribution is examined. Generally, two partially coherent beams with the same far-field divergence angle have not certainly the same far-field radiant intensity distribution. However, under certain conditions, it is possible to achieve the consistency of the directionality expressed in terms of the far-field divergence angle and of the normalized far-field radiant intensity distribution.     

部分偏振光通过透镜时的偏振像差分析

本文定量推导了轴上物点发出的部分偏振光通过透镜时其偏振度、偏振分量方位角和椭率角与透镜参数和入射光参量间的关系。对已知参数的透镜进行了定量计算，表明处于一定偏振状态的部分偏振光经透镜后其偏振度、偏振分量方位角和椭率角在出射光束截面上呈一定分布，产生偏振像差。给出了部分偏振光基本参量变化的数量级。指出在高精度光学测量中为避免透镜偏振像差影响，应尽可能减小光束半径和发散角。     

Characteristics of tilted and off-axis partially coherent beams reflected back by a cat-eye optical lens in atmospheric turbulence

In this paper, taking the tilted and off-axis partially coherent beams as the active detection laser beams, the characteristics of the active detection laser beams reflected back by a cat-eye optical lens in atmospheric turbulence are studied analytically and numerically. The analytical expressions for the centroid position deviation γ, the average intensity, the mean-squared beam width and the far-field divergence angle at the receiver plane are derived. It is found that tilted and off-axis active detection laser beams cannot be reflected back by a cat-eye optical lens in the direction of the source. The absolute deviation $\left| \gamma \right|$ decreases as the beam coherence decreases. Therefore, partially coherent beams are more suitable as active detection laser beams than fully coherent ones. In addition, $\left| \gamma \right|$ decreases greatly due to the aperture effect, and the influence of turbulence on $\left| \gamma \right|$ is not monotonic. On the other hand, the influence of the beam coherence and the atmospheric turbulence on the average intensity, the mean-squared beam width and the far-field divergence angle at the receiver plane is also examined, and some interesting results are obtained. The results obtained in this paper are very useful for applications of the active laser detection.     

Analysis of Semi-conductor Laser Diode with Two-dimension Nonlinearly Tapered Waveguide

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Analysis of Semi-conductor Laser Diode with Two-dimension Nonlinearly Tapered Waveguide

A novel semiconductor laser diode with a two-dimension nonlinearly tapered waveguide is proposed and its property is studied by Fourier expanding method. It is shown that coupling loss between the semiconductor laser diode and a single mode fiber is reduced effectively, the reduction role of the nonlinearly tapered waveguide is more apparent than that of a linearly tapered waveguide , the minimum coupling loss is 0.36 dB, and the far field divergence is decreased. The reduction mechanism is discussed.     

Study on propagation properties of a radially polarized partially coherent dark hollow beam through a high numerical aperture lens

In recent years the partially coherent beams have attracted very much due to novel properties and its applications. In this paper the tight focusing properties of radially polarized partially coherent dark hollow beam (DHB) through a high numerical aperture lens are investigated numerically based on vectorial Debye theory in detail. The result shows that the optical intensity distribution in the focal region directly fluctuates due to small change in coherence length and high numerical aperture angle of the focused radially polarized partially coherent DHB.     

High power single transverse mode operation of a tapered large-mode-area fiber laser

To get high output power with good beam quality, a tapered section is introduced to large-mode-area (LMA) Yb-doped fiber laser. Output characteristics of the fiber laser without tapered section and with tapered section are compared experimentally. When the launched pump power is 119.1 W, 77.9 W with M² 3.08 and 56.4 W with M² 1.14 can be obtained, respectively. The corresponding slope efficiencies are 71.8% and 54.1%, respectively. Although output power of the tapered fiber laser has 30.6% penalty, brightness of it is as much as 5.28 times of the fiber laser without tapered section. Moreover, spectra of them are measured. It is found that tapered section makes lasing wavelength of the fiber laser shorter.