共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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沙尘气溶胶粒子群的散射和偏振特性 总被引:13,自引:5,他引:8
根据Mie散射理论,以对数正态分布函数描述沙尘气溶胶粒子群的粒径尺度分布,计算了沙尘气溶胶粒子群在0.2~40μm波段间对太阳短波辐射和地球大气长波辐射的单次散射反照率、散射相矩阵函数,揭示了不同相对湿度时,沙尘粒子群对入射辐射的散射和偏振的特征。结果表明,沙尘粒子群的单次散射反照率随着入射波长的增加有较大起伏,不同相对湿度条件下,变化趋势基本一致;在可见光、近红外波段单次散射反照率随湿度增加而变大,湿度95%时非常接近于1;大于10μm的热红外波段单次散射反照率随相对湿度增加而减小,具有较强的吸收辐射能力。散射辐射强度受湿度影响较小,随散射角的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势,且增大的趋势随着波长的增加而减弱;不同波段上,线偏振和圆偏振随散射角和相对湿度变化存在差异;在前向和后向仅对入射辐射为圆偏振辐射产生圆偏振散射;散射光的偏振特性及其湿度差异主要表现在后向散射区,多以拱形形式体现。拱顶峰值散射角位置存在差异,且峰值散射角随相对湿度的降低向后向漂移。 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2017,(7)
本研究在激光全散射法颗粒物浓度检测系统上进行了不同性质、浓度燃煤飞灰颗粒的质量浓度测量实验。结果显示,联合全散射法颗粒物浓度检测系统和反演计算方法能良好的测算标准颗粒的质量浓度,误差约为7%。对于燃煤飞灰颗粒,测算结果能反映气流中颗粒浓度的变化,然而测算值高于真实值约19.3%~27.2%。并且,对除尘器前级电场飞灰的测算偏差大于第四电场飞灰。进一步的理论计算结果表明,随颗粒粒径增大,散射光分布逐步向前向(即0°方向)集中,导致光电探测器在收集透射光的同时收集部分前向散射光,使得反演计算值大于真实值。而前级电场飞灰中含有更多的大粒径、非球形颗粒且粒径分布范围更宽,偏离了反演算法的假定条件,导致对测算偏差增大。 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2021,42(8):2072-2078
本文研究了由定向排布的椭球形粒子组成的无序介质中微纳结构的各向异性对辐射传输平均自由程的影响机理。采用离散偶极子算法(DDA)计算单个椭球形粒子的各向异性辐射特性,为了得到多重散射下的各向异性介质的辐射特性,采用随机行走方法研究了传输平均自由程随粒子浓度、长径比、分布角度的变化关系,并与各向同性理论的计算结果进行了对比,证明了现有理论的不足。最后,利用辐射传递方程的扩散理论得到了椭球形粒子各向异性介质的表面反射能量分布图。结果表明,微纳结构的各向异性对辐射传输平均自由程和表面辐射能量分布有较大影响,对于各向异性较强的介质,在理论计算中必须加以考虑。 相似文献
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Junjun Guo Fan Hu Wei Luo Pengfei Li Zhaohui Liu 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2019,37(3):3081-3089
By using the concept of weighted sum of four gray particles and spectrum k-distribution (WSGP-SK), a non-gray radiative property model for unburnt char particles is developed. Based on the carbon burnout kinetic model for structure during oxidation, and the linear mixed approximation theory for complex index of refraction, spectral radiative properties of unburnt char particles are first calculated as function of the burnout ratio by Mie theory. Referring to the full spectrum k-distribution model, k-distribution is applied to reorder absorption and scattering efficiencies of particles. Then, weighting factors and efficiency factors of the non-gray radiative property model are directly obtained from Gaussian integral points of k-distribution. The model is validated against the benchmark solutions of line-by-line (LBL) model. Maximum relative errors of this model are 3% and 15% for radiative heat fluxes and source terms in non-isothermal inhomogeneous particulate media, respectively. The assumption of linearly varying radiative properties with burnout ratio (Lockwood et al. 1986) will result in a predicted deviation of 53% for radiative source terms. Results also show that this non-gray model is remarkably better than the Planck mean method. Moreover, a satisfactory comparison with LBL solutions is achieved in the gas and particle mixture by combining the non-gray WSGG-SK model (Guo et al. 2015). As a radiation sub-model, this non-gray radiative property model can significantly improve prediction accuracy of radiative heat transfer in oxy-fuel combustion. 相似文献
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煤粉炉内弥散介质辐射传热的综合模拟 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文基于辐射传热计算的DT法和颗粒运动计算的随机轨道法,并结合单颗粒的辐射特性模型,构造了能够详细考虑颗粒燃尽、湍流弥散诸因素对炉内空间局部辐射特性及总体辐射传热影响的弥散介质辐射传热计算模型,并将其耦合到炉内过程的总体数值模型中。采用该程序,比较计算了几种颗粒辐射特性模型对某300MW锅炉炉内温度场的预报结果,结果表明:通常采用的均匀颗粒辐射特性模型会导致温度场的极大误差;由于炉内颗粒浓度的不均匀分布,炉内的温度分布呈现高度非均匀状态,在炉膛轴线上有大面积的高温烟气区存在;考虑残炭存在时,温度分布的不均匀性更显著. 相似文献
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煤焦颗粒燃烧过程中,灰膜形成显著影响其燃烧特性。因此,本文借助高温沉降炉研究了61~75,75~90和90~125μm三种粒径黄陵烟煤在1273和1673 K温度下的燃烧特性与灰膜形成比例;借助扫描电镜(SEM)详细观测空心微珠颗粒内部结构,提出灰膜比例计算公式,并分析温度,粒径和碳转化率对灰膜比例的影响。结果表明,高温下大部分灰分在焦炭烧尽阶段以灰膜形式存在。灰膜比例随温度和碳转化率增加而增加,随煤粉粒径增大而减小。高温下灰分用于形成灰膜比例相对较高,这为煤焦燃尽阶段的低反应性提供了合理的解释。煤焦颗粒动态燃烧过程中灰膜形成比例随燃烧工况变化而变化。该研究为煤焦颗粒燃烧动力学模拟灰膜比例选择提供了关键数据支撑。 相似文献
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Jiawei Wan Junjun Guo Pengfei Li Zhaohui Liu 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2021,38(3):4281-4290
Particle radiation has a spectral dependence and is closely related to the chemical composition of the material. Iron oxide, one of the main components of fly ash, observably affects the complex index of refraction of the particles. In this study, following the theory of the spectrum k-distribution based weighted sum of gray particles model (Guo et al. [4,13]), a non-gray fly ash radiative property model involving the chemical composition was developed. First, four typical fly ash particles with different iron oxide contents were selected, and the corresponding particle radiative parameters were obtained using the Mie theory. Then, the absorption efficiency and weighting factors of the non-gray model were directly obtained from the Gaussian integral points of the k-distribution. The scattering efficiency of the particles was obtained from the Planck mean. The accuracy of the newly developed model was evaluated in a one-dimensional plane-parallel slab system through comparison with the line-by-line (LBL) model and two commonly used gray radiative property models. The results show that the new non-gray model agrees well with the LBL solution and becomes more accurate as the iron oxide content increases. When the iron oxide content of the fly ash increased from 5.47% to 30.50%, the maximum relative error of the radiative heat flux and the radiative source term decreased from 12.50% to 5.68% and from 20.97% to 12.62%, respectively. The new model can improve the prediction accuracy of radiative heat transfer in pulverized coal-fired furnaces. 相似文献
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在沉降炉中进行了一种典型中国褐煤的热解与燃烧实验,热解气氛为N2,燃烧气氛为O2/N2=21:79,采用CCSEM分析原煤、煤焦与煤灰。CCSEM分析结果表明,铁氧化物、石英、黄铁矿、伊利石和高岭土是煤中主要的矿物成分,同时也是主要的外在矿成分,褐煤中57.26%的矿物粒径小于10μm。在热解与燃烧过程中,煤中主要矿物发生了明显转化。富Si矿物和硅铝酸盐在热解和燃烧过程中可能发生了破碎;而富Fe矿物部分明显破碎生成细小矿物,部分外在矿直接转化,未发生明显破碎。细灰少量来自于细小富硅矿、石英和铁氧化物等矿物的直接转化,70%以上的细灰由Ca、Fe含量很高的混合硅铝酸盐组成。 相似文献
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An analytical review of the theory of elementary atomic and molecular processes in the field of intense laser monochromatic radiation is presented. The discussion focuses on near-threshold processes involving Rydberg intermediate complexes, which play an important role in Earth’s upper atmosphere. The possibilities of the stationary method of radiative scattering matrix, based on the formalism of the renormalized Lippmann-Schwinger equations, are demonstrated. The approach is used to describe in a unified way a variety of near-threshold processes, the probability amplitudes of which are elements of the radiative scattering matrix for all possible reaction channels. They also include processes of restructuring of the particles (predissociation, associative ionization, exchange reactions, etc.), which in principle cannot be described using traditional nonstationary theories. 相似文献
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散射相函数是研究电磁波传输特性的重要参数,直接影响电磁波传输方程的简化程度和解的精度。基于电磁散射与辐射传输中的基本理论,对非球形粒子散射相函数的经验公式进行了研究。为了很好的模拟非球形粒子的后向散射峰值,提高辐射传输方程的简化程度和解的精度,提出了一种新的相函数经验公式。分析新的相函数对非球形粒子的适用性,以单个沙尘性气溶胶为例,计算了不同形状粒子的Henyey-Greenstein*相函数和新的相函数随角度的变化,并与T矩阵法的计算结果进行了对比,发现椭球形粒子的长短轴比和有限长圆柱形粒子的径长比大于0.5时,新的相函数在大角度后向散射部分与T矩阵法的吻合程度较高。考虑波长变化,对比了尺寸谱满足对数正态分布的四种气溶胶粒子的Henyey-Greenstein*相函数和新的相函数与T矩阵法的计算结果。研究表明,对于椭球形粒子和有限长圆柱形粒子,在大角度(大于90°)后向散射部分,除了0.694时的椭球形海洋性气溶胶,新的相函数均方根差较小的占100%,证明了新的相函数可以较好的模拟非球形粒子的后向散射特征。新的相函数对准确模拟辐射传输过程具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Wubin Weng Shen Li Mário Costa Zhongshan Li 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2021,38(3):3949-3958
This work investigated the combustion characteristics of single pulverized biomass-derived char particles. The char particles, in the size range 224–250 µm, were prepared in a drop tube furnace at pyrolysis temperatures of 1273 or 1473 K from four types of biomass particles – wheat straw, grape pomace, kiwi branches and rice husk. Subsequently, the char particles were injected upward into a confined region of hot combustion products produced by flat flames stabilized on a McKenna burner, with mean temperatures of 1460, 1580 and 1670 K and mean O2 concentrations of 4.5, 6.5 and 8.5 vol%. The data reported include particle temperature, obtained using a two-color pyrometry technique, and potassium release rate, measured using a laser-induced photofragmentation fluorescence imaging technique. In addition, particle ignition delay time and burning time, obtained from the temporal evolution of the thermal radiation intensity of the burning char particles, are also reported. The results indicated that ignition of the char particles occurs simultaneously with the starting of the potassium release, then the particle burning intensity increases rapidly until it reaches a maximum, after which both the particle temperature and the potassium release rate remain approximately constant until the end of the char oxidation process. The char ignition process is temperature controlled, and the char oxidation process is oxygen diffusion controlled, with the total potassium release being independent of the oxygen concentration and the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion behavior of the chars studied is more affected by the char type than by the conditions used to prepare them. 相似文献
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Determination of Soot Particle Size in a Premixed Flame: a Static and Dynamic Light Scattering Study
Gert Kroner Heribert Fuchs Reinhard Tatschl Otto Glatter 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2003,20(2):111-123
In this contribution we report upon our static and dynamic light scattering experiments to characterize soot particles in flames. We studied sooting laminar premixed flame with acetylene as fuel mixed with air as oxidizer. The air equivalence ratio of the combustion was larger than one. We used a Kaskan type burner with circular geometry and a stabilizing flow of nitrogen around the flame. We focused on the determination of the size of the soot particles in the center of the flame as a function of height above burner. In addition we investigated the influence of the mixing ratio of the gases on the size of the particles. Our results show that static light scattering is better suited than dynamic light scattering for a fast and reliable characterization of soot particles in flames. The latter needs detailed a priori information about the flame to allow the unique determination of sizes from the diffusion measurements. The soot particles grow monotonously with height above burner and with decreasing air equivalence ratio. The aggregates have a fractal dimension lower than two. 相似文献