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1.
频域宽带下视多波束三维声成像算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
为解决下视多波束三维成像声呐跨航向分辨率差、旁瓣级高的问题,提出一种频域宽带下视多波束三维声成像算法。该算法将阵元域回波信号通过二维傅里叶变换直接变换到波数-频率域,之后进行深度向匹配滤波,同时选取带宽内的频点进行频域宽带信号的相位补偿,再进行二维逆傅里叶变换回阵元域,实现跨航向-深度向成像处理。沿航向采用时域合成孔径方法,得到三维图像结果.计算机仿真和海上实验结果表明,相比于常规的下视多波束三维成像声呐处理算法,改进的方法跨航向主瓣变窄,角分辨率明显提高,旁瓣降低10~30 dB。相比于传统基于分块DFT的频域宽带波束形成,改进的频域宽带方法避免了跨航向处理中的时域分块插值和多次变换域,复数加法和乘法次数显著降低。改进的频域宽带下视多波束三维声成像算法可以有效地获取水下三维高分辨图像,抑制虚影,明显改善成像质量。同时,计算效率高,更适合于实时成像系统实现。   相似文献   

2.
针对典型深海环境中宽带声源的深度分辨问题,通过研究深海声场随频率起伏的干涉结构与垂直线阵频域波束输出图中的干涉结构,给出一种直达声区内可区分多水下目标的宽带声源深度估计方法。该方法以近水面目标的射线声场模型为基础,推导出近海面宽带声源接收声场的波束输出表达式,阐明了频域波束输出图中干涉结构与声源深度的对应关系。然后利用改进的傅里叶变换方法将二维频域波束输出图映射到声源深度-掠射角度域,可实现声源深度信息的有效分离。最后开展了深海实验验证,利用垂直阵接收拖曳声源发射的宽带白噪声信号,拖曳声源深度计算结果与实测声源深度基本一致。数值仿真与实验结果均表明该方法可以在多目标复杂环境下准确估计出水下宽带声源的深度。   相似文献   

3.
提出了一种基于声场多极子展开的小尺寸声矢量平面阵三维波束形成方法。该方法利用了声场的垂直振速信息,并结合球谐波函数与多极子模态之间的联系,可用二维的阵列结构合成指向任意方向的三维波束图,简化了三维波束形成所需的阵列结构。以3×3均匀矩形阵为例的仿真结果表明,在相邻阵元间距小于0.2倍信号波长时,所提方法引入的差分近似误差可被忽略,所得阵列波束图接近理论波束图。相比于声压球面阵三维波束形成方法,所提方法在低频段能在获得相同阵增益的同时有着更好的稳健性,为实现小尺寸阵列的三维波束形成提供了一种可靠的方法。  相似文献   

4.
采用有源单元方向图思想,在考虑互耦情况下,将大型脉冲阵列天线各单元的时域方向图用相似环境下小型阵列的有源单元方向图来等效,进而叠加计算辐射总场。以此为基础,结合时域辐射原理改进了上述方法。通过公式推导得出:一个大型线阵或大型平面阵的时域辐射场可分别通过两个小型线阵或四个小型平面阵的时域辐射总场计算得到,避免了传统方法中小阵有源单元方向图逐元提取的繁琐操作。采用上述方法分别计算了一个13元线阵和一个1113元平面阵列,计算结果与软件仿真结果吻合良好,与传统的小阵外推方法相比,直线阵列和平面阵列的计算量分别减少了56.8%和81.17%。  相似文献   

5.
一种基于声矢量传感器阵的宽带源二维波达方向估计算法   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
提出一种基于声矢量传感器阵的宽带源二维波达方向估计算法,在宽带相干源条件下实现了二维波达方向估计参数的自动配对。克服了通常声矢量传感器阵波达方向估计中存在的谱峰搜索和参数配对问题。分析表明:该算法能够可靠判定目标源的个数,具有较高的估计精度;不受目标波达方向角度间存在兼并(入射源含有相同的方位角或俯仰角)的影响;当存在阵列误差时,算法的稳健性好。  相似文献   

6.
针对圆弧形面阵估计水下目标二维波达方向的问题,提出一种降维处理的自适应波束形成方法。利用圆弧形面阵模型简化阵列内插矩阵的计算,通过垂直和水平两阶段波束加权,降低自适应波束形成维数,从而实现快速估计声源二维波达方向的目的。仿真结果表明,所提改进方法的计算量较传统二维最小方差无失真波束形成方法降低约一个数量级,且在低快拍条件下具有更明显的噪声抑制优势。湖上实验数据处理结果验证,在复杂水声环境下,所提方法具有较好的目标分辨性能。   相似文献   

7.
针对一种新型的用于钢管横向缺陷检测的圆台形超声相控阵列,提出了计算管内一次波位移场的模型。设计了三维情况下,圆柱界面存在时的时间延迟法则,并在高频近似下,利用瑞利积分法结合稳相法,研究和计算了管材横截面以及纵剖面上的二维声场分布特性。最后详细讨论了圆台形相控阵列中心夹角、阵元宽度及动态阵元数等参数对管材中聚集声场的影响。结果表明,这种模型以及计算方法可以有效地分析圆台形阵列在钢管内的辐射位移场特性,为实际制作这种圆台形阵列提供理论指导。   相似文献   

8.
黄聪  孙大军  张殿伦  滕婷婷 《物理学报》2014,63(18):188401-188401
双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)系统需要对目标的波达角和波离角进行二维估计,针对高分辨算法中阵列协方差矩阵处理运算量大以及估计性能对阵列流形失配敏感的缺陷,提出了一种基于二阶锥规划的抗阵列流形失配的双基地MIMO虚拟阵列波束优化算法.该方法利用MIMO的波形分集技术与双基地的目标定位解算,通过波达角和波离角在双基地定位椭圆上的对应关系,将双基地MIMO的二维合成方向矢量转化为一维的虚拟阵列流形,并证明了双基地MIMO虚拟阵列的波束图等效为发射波束图在接收阵角度域上的响应和接收波束图的合成.在优化波束图旁瓣的同时,该算法兼顾了固定方向上的相干干扰抑制,并提高了双基地MIMO虚拟阵列波束优化抗阵列流形失配的能力.通过波束图和方位谱优化的仿真分析和水池试验,验证了算法的有效性.  相似文献   

9.
王卓越  张博  李宇 《应用声学》2023,42(5):1005-1014
针对阵列倾斜引起的阵不变量方法定位精度下降的问题,该文结合倾斜阵声源定位的三维模型提出一种基于倾斜阵的距离与方位联合估计算法。该算法通过联合自校正方位距离联合估计方法对阵列倾角在声源-接收平面的投影量进行估计和补偿,改善目标距离估计误差的同时,利用匹配出的阵列倾角投影量反向估计目标方位,获得对声源二维位置的估计。通过仿真验证了该算法能够在阵列倾角较小时实现目标方位与距离的联合估计。  相似文献   

10.
为了处理水声信号,声纳阵列通常需要形成宽频带恒定束宽的波束。采用两种阵元加权方法分析二维圆弧形恒定束宽换能器声纳阵列:球面Legendre函数加权方法和柱面Legendre函数加权方法。分别对球面阵、柱面阵和平面阵这三种几何结构的声纳阵列进行分析,并且计算波束宽度和波束方向。结果表明,在宽频带范围内,除了柱面Legendre函数加权的球面阵之外,其余Legendre函数加权的声纳阵列均能利用简单的、不随频率变化的阵元权重和阵元延时,形成恒定束宽的波束,并且具有较小的旁瓣,此外波束方向与预设方向也较为一致。相对于其他恒定束宽波束形成方法,Legendre函数加权方法能利用较低的计算复杂度来实现良好的宽频带恒定束宽的波束特性。  相似文献   

11.
On NUFFT-based gridding for non-Cartesian MRI   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
For MRI with non-Cartesian sampling, the conventional approach to reconstructing images is to use the gridding method with a Kaiser-Bessel (KB) interpolation kernel. Recently, Sha et al. [L. Sha, H. Guo, A.W. Song, An improved gridding method for spiral MRI using nonuniform fast Fourier transform, J. Magn. Reson. 162(2) (2003) 250-258] proposed an alternative method based on a nonuniform FFT (NUFFT) with least-squares (LS) design of the interpolation coefficients. They described this LS_NUFFT method as shift variant and reported that it yielded smaller reconstruction approximation errors than the conventional shift-invariant KB approach. This paper analyzes the LS_NUFFT approach in detail. We show that when one accounts for a certain linear phase factor, the core of the LS_NUFFT interpolator is in fact real and shift invariant. Furthermore, we find that the KB approach yields smaller errors than the original LS_NUFFT approach. We show that optimizing certain scaling factors can lead to a somewhat improved LS_NUFFT approach, but the high computation cost seems to outweigh the modest reduction in reconstruction error. We conclude that the standard KB approach, with appropriate parameters as described in the literature, remains the practical method of choice for gridding reconstruction in MRI.  相似文献   

12.
非均匀采样干涉数据光谱反演技术研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
干涉光谱成像仪获取的干涉数据是一种中间数据,需要进行光谱反演才能够得到目标光谱数据,傅里叶变换方法是常规的光谱反演方法。由于干涉数据中存在非均匀采样问题,若忽略光谱混叠,直接采用快速傅里叶变换会导致反演光谱的失真,难以满足实时处理需求。针对非均匀采样干涉数据的光谱反演需求,将插值及非均匀快速傅里叶变换(NUFFT)方法应用到光谱反演处理中,对过采样及部分欠采样情况下的非均匀采样干涉数据,提出了相应的光谱反演方法,并分析了方法的适用性。最后对过采样及部分欠采样情况下的光谱反演方法进行计算机仿真,过采样情况下采用NUFFT方法反演光谱的精度要明显高于插值方法,而部分欠采样情况下插值方法反演光谱的精度要明显高于NUFFT方法,并对欠采样造成的光谱混叠有一定的修正,验证了方法的有效性。  相似文献   

13.
This paper revisits a nearfield microphone array technique termed nearfield equivalent source imaging (NESI) proposed previously. In particular, various issues concerning the implementation of the NESI algorithm are examined. The NESI can be implemented in both the time domain and the frequency domain. Acoustical variables including sound pressure, particle velocity, active intensity and sound power are calculated by using multichannel inverse filters. Issues concerning sensor deployment are also investigated for the nearfield array. The uniform array outperformed a random array previously optimized for far-field imaging, which contradicts the conventional wisdom in far-field arrays. For applications in which only a patch array with scarce sensors is available, a virtual microphone approach is employed to ameliorate edge effects using extrapolation and to improve imaging resolution using interpolation. To enhance the processing efficiency of the time-domain NESI, an eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA) is developed. Several filtering methods are compared in terms of computational complexity. Significant saving on computations can be achieved using ERA and the frequency-domain NESI, as compared to the traditional method. The NESI technique was also experimentally validated using practical sources including a 125 cc scooter and a wooden box model with a loudspeaker fitted inside. The NESI technique proved effective in identifying broadband and non-stationary sources produced by the sources.  相似文献   

14.
This article presents a method to explore the flexibility of channel reduction in k-domain parallel imaging (PI) with massive arrays to improve the computation efficiency. In PI, computation cost increases with the number of channels. For the k-domain methods requiring channel-by-channel reconstruction, this increase can be significant with massive arrays. In this article, a method for efficient k-domain PI reconstruction in large array systems is proposed. The method is based on the fact that in large arrays the channel sensitivity is localized, which allows channel reduction through channel cross correlation. The method is tested with simulated and in vivo MRI data from a 32-channel and 64-channel systems using the multicolumn multiline interpolation (MCMLI) method. Results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve similar or improved reconstruction quality with significantly reduced computation time for massive arrays with localized sensitivity.  相似文献   

15.
弹光调制傅里叶变换光谱仪(PEM-FTS)的调制光程差是高速、非线性变化,每秒可产生上万张干涉图。为了实现高速等时间采样干涉信号的快速光谱反演,对大光程差弹光调制干涉信号的特性、加速非均匀快速傅里叶变换算法(NUFFT)进行研究。加速非均匀快速傅里叶变换算法是基于卷积核函数插值的快速傅里叶变换算法,此算法的核函数类型、参数τ、延伸影响因子q、过采样率μ等参数的选择对算法准确度以及复杂度有影响。在分析这些参数对算法影响的基础上,在μ=2,q=10,τ=1×10-6时,将加速的NUFFT算法应用于弹光调制傅里叶变换光谱仪中,重建了632.8 nm的激光和氙灯光谱,复原的632.8 nm激光光谱的频率偏差小于0.013 52,插值时间小于0.267 s。实验表明加速的NUFFT算法有较快的运行速度和小的频率偏差,能快速准确地重建大光程差PEM-FTS的光谱。  相似文献   

16.
庄泽宇  廉国选  王小民 《声学学报》2021,46(6):1153-1163
给出了一种基于一步相移法的水浸超声检测快速频域算法,以适用于液浸式相控阵成像。通过在阵列信号频域乘以相移因子,将阵列虚拟延拓至水浸工件表面,再进行单介质频域成像。相比时域延时叠加算法,节省了计算界面折射点的用时。对于垂直入射平面波检测,提出一种网格匹配的方法,通过调整傅里叶变换的点数,使阵列信号频域和图像频域的采样网格相重合,有效地减少了频域插值误差和伪像,进一步降低了运算次数.实验结果表明,网格匹配频域算法的运算次数仅为时域平面波算法的1/60,为水浸式超声实时检测提供了一种可行方案。   相似文献   

17.
The spatial impulse response(SIR) method is often used as the 'gold standard5 in simulation of transient acoustic wave fields due to its high accuracy in the linear domain.However, a high sampling frequency is often required in order to achieve the high accuracy. As a result, a large amount of data has to be processed. In this paper a fast approach for computing spatial impulse response is proposed to reduce the computation burden. The proposed approach is developed by employing the relationship of SIRs at observed points and SIRs of the projection points on the transducer surface. Two critical parameters used in the proposed approach, the calculation sampling frequency and the interpolation sampling frequency, are then analyzed.Results show that for a 2.25 MHz rectangular transducer with the size of 5 mmxlO mm,a calculation sampling frequency of 1000 MHz and an interpolation sampling frequency of500 MHz can achieve superior performance while improving the computation efficiency 18 times than the direct solving.  相似文献   

18.
Fast and high-accuracy deformation analysis using digital image correlation (DIC) has been increasingly important and highly demanded in recent years. In literature, the DIC method using the Newton-Rapshon (NR) algorithm has been considered as a gold standard for accurate sub-pixel displacement tracking, as it is insensitive to the relative deformation and rotation of the target subset and thus provides highest sub-pixel registration accuracy and widest applicability. A significant drawback of conventional NR-algorithm-based DIC method, however, is its extremely huge computational expense. In this paper, a fast DIC method is proposed deformation measurement by effectively eliminating the repeating redundant calculations involved in the conventional NR-algorithm-based DIC method. Specifically, a reliability-guided displacement scanning strategy is employed to avoid time-consuming integer-pixel displacement searching for each calculation point, and a pre-computed global interpolation coefficient look-up table is utilized to entirely eliminate repetitive interpolation calculation at sub-pixel locations. With these two approaches, the proposed fast DIC method substantially increases the calculation efficiency of the traditional NR-algorithm-based DIC method. The performance of proposed fast DIC method is carefully tested on real experimental images using various calculation parameters. Results reveal that the computational speed of the present fast DIC is about 120-200 times faster than that of the traditional method, without any loss of its measurement accuracy  相似文献   

19.
常青  赵双明 《应用光学》2020,41(3):482-489
光场数据重聚焦包括空间域重聚焦和频域重聚焦两种方法,在重聚焦过程中均需要进行插值计算,重聚焦精度与插值精度密切相关,而插值算法的复杂度会影响计算效率。在实际大量图像处理中,在重聚焦效果满足精度要求的前提下选择计算效率最高的方法,其中,插值精度对频域影响远大于空间域。介绍了空间域重聚焦和频域重聚焦的原理,以及传统3种插值方法和sinc函数插值法,分别用不同的插值方法对这两种重聚焦方法进行实验,比较其重聚焦效果并计算其效率。实验结果表明,在实际应用中为了满足计算效率的需求,在满足精度要求情况下,空间域重聚焦采用线性插值法最佳,频域采用采样半径为2像素的sinc插值最佳。对同一幅影像多次重聚焦时,频域方法优于空间域方法。  相似文献   

20.
The regularized image interpolation method is widely used based on the vector interpolation model in which down-sampling matrix has very large dimension and needs large storage consumption and higher computation complexity. In this paper, a fast algorithm for image interpolation based on the tensor product of matrices is presented, which transforms the vector interpolation model to matrix form. The proposed algorithm can extremely reduce the storage requirement and time consumption. The simulation results verify their validity.  相似文献   

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