风力机非对称钝尾缘翼型优化设计方法研究

为了提高风力机钝尾缘翼型优化设计的精确性,提出设计变量计及尾缘厚度及其在中弧线上侧分配比的非对称钝尾缘翼型优化设计方法。采用风力机翼型型线集成理论和B样条曲线,建立钝尾缘翼型型线控制方程组。以翼型的形状函数系数、B样条控制参数以及钝尾缘厚度和其分配比为设计变量,利用粒子群算法耦合XFOIL软件进行钝尾缘翼型优化设计。针对S812翼型优化得到尾缘厚度2.61%c、厚度分配比0:1的钝尾缘改型,采用计算流体动力学方法研究翼型及其改型的气动性能和流场特性。结果表明:优化得到钝尾缘翼型的升力系数和最大升阻比均显著增大;钝尾缘翼型吸力面的气流在流场中发生下洗,改善了翼型表面压力分布,并引起翼型失速延迟,使得翼型的气动性能明显提高。     

机翼后缘噪声预测研究

机翼后缘噪声是飞机重要的机体噪声源之一。本文基于CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamic)数值模拟和Ffcows Williams-Hall理论,研究应用了一种预测干净机翼后缘气动噪声的方法。采用Menter’s SSTκ-ω湍流模型对翼型和机翼进行N-S方程数值模拟得到后缘附近的湍流特征速度和特征长度,再利用Serhat Hosder的预估方法计算后缘噪声强度级。本文首先计算了NACA0012翼型在7种不同状态的后缘噪声,计算结果与实验值比较,符合很好,从而证明了本文采用的方法的可行性和正确性;然后研究了两个亚音速翼型(NACA 0009,NACA 0012),两个超临界翼型(SC(2)- 0710,SC(2)-0714),EET机翼的不同参数对后缘噪声强度级的影响,得出了对降低后缘噪声有参考意义的结论。     

基于自适应遗传算法部分相干光整形位相板的优化设计

基于自适应遗传算法,对部分相干光整形的相位板做了优化设计.以高斯-谢尔模型(GSM)光束为例,推导出远场光强的解析表达式.最优化设计的位相板能将GSM光束变为平顶光束.数值计算例表明空间相干性对光束整形效果的影响.与已有工作相比较说明自适应遗传算法用于部分相干光整形的优点. 关键词： 自适应遗传算法 光束整形 部分相干光 位相板     

基于B样条与遗传算法的翼型优化实验研究

翼型升阻比和水轮机空化系数是水轮机叶片翼型的重要指标,以NACA63A-614翼型为研究对象,基于B样条曲线对翼型曲线进行参数化构造,得到拟合精度较高的翼型曲线。以升阻比和水轮机空化系数作为优化目标,利用多目标遗传算法和XFOIL软件展开多工况优化设计。对优化后的翼型与原始翼型在多攻角工况范围内进行动力学特性分析,同时将优化前后翼型建模并进行空化实验。分析实验结果表明,优化后的翼型其升阻比和空化性能均得到明显提升,从而验证了该方法的可行性与准确性。     

基于变分有限元方法的S809翼型的改进设计

翼氆的升力和阻力特性直接影响到叶轮机或机翼的性能,传统风力机翼型的外形是基于经验和半经验的方法得到,本文采用变域变分有限元方法,以NREL S809翼型为原形,通过改进其叶片表面的目标压力分布,进行该翼型的改进设计,并对新设计出的翼型在0°～20°攻角范围内进行CFD数值模拟,得到的结果与原始S809翼型在升阻力系数,...     

改进自适应遗传算法的平面传声器阵列优化

针对传声器位置的离散性和遗传算法二进制的编码特点,本文提出改进的自适应遗传算法,对自适应交叉概率和变异概率作了重新设计,并将本文改进自适应遗传算法和传统标准遗传算法以及文献中提到的改进自适应遗传算法进行了比较,发现本文方法能够快速得到更优的结果。此外,本文提出了随频率变化的主瓣宽度和旁瓣水平折中的适应度函数R3,通过与适应度函数R1和R2的仿真结果对比,发现适应度函数R3能够有效地平衡阵列主瓣宽度和旁瓣水平。最后,本文设计了5臂均匀圆阵和5臂螺旋阵,并与本文随机阵进行仿真实验对比,进一步验证本文方法的有效性和可行性。     

升力系数不变时跨音速机翼阻力优化设计

基于共轭方程的优化设计理论,应用三维欧拉方程进行了升力系数不变时跨音速机翼阻力优化设计研究,根据给定的目标函数推导了在物理空间上表述的共轭方程及边界条件,研究了共轭方程的数值求解方法及目标函数对设计变量的敏感性导数求解问题,发展了一种跨音速机翼阻力优化设计方法,应用该设计方法进行了跨音速机翼阻力优化设计研究,优化后机翼表面的激波强度减弱很多,有效减少了波阻.     

水平轴风力机专用翼型性能评估方法

本文提出了风力机翼型完整的性能参数体系和相应的评估方法,并以此评估了CAS-W1翼型与DU翼型的性能特征。对翼型性能的评估侧重于失速特性、非设计点特性和翼型气动性能的稳定性。评估结果表明,相对于DU翼型,CAS-W1翼型系列设计点性能和非设计点性能较好,但是失速特性和性能稳定性需要优化。     

仿鲸鱼鳍翼型动态气动力载荷控制研究

本文将仿鲸鱼鳍前缘结构应用于风力机翼型,通过风洞实验,对动态翼型气动力进行测试,分析仿鲸鱼鳍前缘结构对风力机翼型气动力载荷的控制效果。通过实验得出以下结论:1)仿鲸鱼鳍前缘结构改善了风力机翼型静态气动力特性;2)仿鲸鱼鳍前缘结构改善了翼型动态失速特性,降低叶片极限载荷的产生;3)仿鲸鱼鳍前缘结构降低翼型动态气动力载荷的波动特性,有助于降低叶片疲劳载荷,提高叶片运行的稳定性。     

用二维时域有限差分法计算机翼雷达散射截面

应用二维时域有限差分(FDTD)程序计算二维翼型NACA0012和金属方柱的双站雷达散射截面,与国内外文献上的结果进行比较,证明该程序的有效性.而后计算二维不同形状机翼的双站雷达散射截面(RCS)和不同后掠角时后掠翼和三角翼的双站RCS,得出不同形状机翼有不同的RCS分布;改变后掠角的大小可以改变机翼的RCS分布.因此,根据设计要求,可以通过选用不同机翼形状或不同大小的后掠角,使飞行器达到RCS减缩.     

基于遗传算法的光综合孔径圆周阵优化

从光综合孔径圆周阵列成像的基本原理出发,建立了圆周阵列的优化模型;采用改进的实数编码方法对子孔径阵列位置进行编码,运用遗传算法进行子孔径阵列的优化;以阵列的u-v覆盖点间距最大化及最小冗余度来设计目标函数,实现了8~16个子孔径二维圆周阵的优化排列;分析了二维圆周光综合孔径阵列成像系统的点扩展函数、光学传递函数和衍射成像的基本原理;对优化结果与模拟退火算法的结果进行对比,使用仿真成像程序分析其点扩展函数,并与均匀排布的圆周阵列进行对比。结果表明,采用改进的实数编码的遗传算法可以很好地解决综合孔径阵列优化的问题,相对于模拟退火算法,该方法的计算时间更短,结果更优。     

改进的变步长自适应最小均方算法及其数字信号处理

针对紫外光通信中传统自适应最小均方(LMS)算法存在的不足,提出了一种新的变步长LMS(VSS-LMS)算法,利用MATLAB仿真验证了该算法的可行性,以TMS320VC5509为核心设计了数字信号处理(DSP)最小化硬件系统和VSS-LMS算法的软件流程,在硬件上实现了传统LMS算法和新的VSS-LMS算法的自适应滤波,并进行了对比分析,结果表明所提出的VSS-LMS算法具有较快的收敛速度和较小的稳态误差,这对紫外光通信接收系统的设计和优化具有一定的参考意义。     

Particle swarm optimization and its application to the design of diffraction grating filters

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an evolutionary, easy-to-implement technique to design optical diffraction gratings. Design of reflection and transmission guided-mode resonance (GMR) grating filters using PSO is reported. The spectra of the designed filters are in good agreement with the design targets in a reasonable computation time. Also, filters are designed with a genetic algorithm (GA) and the results obtained by the GA and PSO are compared.     

遗传算法在变焦曲线优化中的应用

由于变焦系统的凸轮曲线对变焦过程中像面的稳定、操作的灵活性都有重要影响,因此变焦曲线的优化设计有着重要的意义。首次采用遗传算法对机械补偿类型的变焦曲线进行了优化设计,并给出了实例。这样得到的曲线比传统的让变倍组作线性移动得到的曲线要明显平滑,证明了遗传算法用于变焦曲线优化设计的可行性和有效性。     

基于改进遗传算法的移动机器人路径规划

针对传统遗传算法存在的搜索效率低、易于陷入局部最优解的问题,提出了一种改进的遗传算法。采用简单的一维编码替代复杂的二维编码,节约了存储空间。在遗传算子的设计中,重新定义了交叉算子和变异算子,避免了陷入局部最优。最后将最短路径和免碰撞相结合作为适应度函数进行遗传优化。实验结果表明,改进的算法能够快速、有效的规划出最优路径。     

Self-adaptive model of texture-based target location for intelligent transportation system applications

In this paper, three shortages: full-enhancement mechanism, invariable texture extraction mechanism, and lack of robust enhancement methods, that are always neglected in some tasks based on texture-based target location for Intelligent Transportation System applications (ITS) are introduced. To cover these shortages, a self-adaptive model for texture-based target location is established. It is mainly composed of self-adaptive enhancement mechanism, self-adaptive texture extraction mechanism, and graying enhancement. Also, feedback evaluation strategy for design of texture extraction modes, needed by self-adaptive texture extraction mechanism, is provided. And then, an algorithm of license plate location is designed to evaluate effectiveness of this model. 338 license plate images from natural scenes were applied to test graying enhancement and self-adaptive location. Results of enhancement experiment indicate that graying enhancement is robust in purposiveness, real-time performance, and empirical parameter independence, simultaneously. Further, Results of location experiment demonstrate that not only a sound algorithm of license plate location with high success rate (96.1%) and low average execution time (52 ms) is given but also the effectiveness of the two self-adaptive mechanisms in the proposed model are validated.     

混沌量子克隆优化求解认知无线网络决策引擎

通过分析认知无线网络引擎决策, 给出了其数学模型, 并将其转化为一个多目标优化问题, 进而提出一种基于混沌量子克隆的优化求解算法, 并证明了该算法以概率1收敛. 算法采用量子编码, 利用Logistic映射初始化抗体种群, 设计了一种基于混沌扰动的量子变异方案. 最后, 在多载波环境下对算法进行了仿真实验. 结果表明, 与QGA-CE(基于量子遗传算法的认知引擎)算法相比, 本文算法收敛速度较快, 具有较高的目标函数值, 可以对无线参数优化调整, 满足认知引擎的实时性要求.     

Optimization of Circular Ring Microstrip Antenna Using Genetic Algorithm

Circular ring microstrip antennas have several interesting properties that make it attractive in wireless applications. Although several analysis techniques such as cavity model, generalized transmission line model, Fourier-Hankel transform domain and the method of matched asymptotic expansion have been studied by researchers, there is no efficient design tool that has been incorporated with a suitable optimization algorithm. In this paper, the cavity model analysis along with the genetic optimization algorithm is presented for the design of circular ring microstrip antennas. The method studied here is based on the well-known cavity model and the optimization of the dimensions and feed point location of the circular ring antenna is performed via the genetic optimization algorithm, to achieve an acceptable antenna operation around a desired resonance frequency. The antennas designed by this efficient design procedure were realized experimentally, and the results are compared. In addition, these results are also compared to the results obtained by the commercial electromagnetic simulation tool, the FEM based software, HFSS by ANSOFT.     

Generation of Bessel Beams at mm- and Sub mm-wavelengths by Binary Optical Elements

In this paper, binary optical elements (BOE’s) are designed for generating Bessel beams at mm- and sub mm- wavelengths. The design tool is to combine a genetic algorithm (GA) for global optimization with a two-dimension finite-difference time-domain (2-D FDTD) method for rigorous electromagnetic computation. The design process for converting a normally incident Gaussian beam into a Bessel beam is described in detail. Numerical results demonstrate that the designed BOE’s can not only successfully produce arbitrary order Bessel beams, but also have higher diffraction efficiencies when compared with amplitude holograms.     

Design of wavelength-selective waveplates using genetic algorithm

Wavelength-selective waveplates, which act either identically or differently for plural wavelengths, are useful for optical systems that handle plural wavelengths. However, they cannot be analytically designed because of the complexity of their structure. Genetic algorithm is one of the methods for solving optimization problems and is used for several kinds of optical design (e.g., design of thin films, diffractive optical elements, and lenses). I considered that it is effective for designing wavelength-selective waveplates also and tried to design them using the genetic algorithm for the first time to the best of my knowledge. As a result, four types of wavelength-selective waveplate for three wavelengths (405, 650, and 780 nm) were successfully designed. These waveplates are useful for Blu-ray Disc/Digital Versatile Disc/Compact Disc compatible optical pickups.