等高线图分析技术在GC／FTIR联用数据处理中的应用

在三种高聚物的裂解大口径毛细管气相色谱－傅里叶变换红外光谱联用分析（ＰｙＷＢＣＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ）数据获得的基础上，介绍应用等高线图（ＣＴＤ）分析技术处理色谱重叠峰，并在该分析提供的信息指导下进行红外光谱累加及差减技术，获得了重叠峰中各纯物质较好信噪比的气相红外谱图并予以定性，显著了等高线图分析技术在联用数据中的优点，充分发挥了ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ联用特有的光谱分离离度优势。     

GC－FTIR联用技术测定水中有机污染物

采用毛细管气相色谱－博里叶变换红外光谱（ＧＣ－ＦＴＩＲ）技术对工业废水中的有机污染物进行了鉴定，井用气相色谱－质谱（ＧＣ－ＭＳ）进行了对照。在分离出的２５个组分中，ＧＣ－ＦＴＩＲ发挥了能给出官能团信息和区别同分异构体的长处，而ＧＣ－ＭＳ则发挥了灵敏度高、能提供分子量信息和区别同系物的特点。两种技术的结合为环境有机污染物的检测提供了有力的手段     

分子光谱法无损鉴别生药材的最新进展

本文叙述了傅里叶变换位曼光谱技术（ＦＴ－Ｒａｍａｎ）和漫反射傅里叶变换红餐光谱技术（ＤＲ－ＦＴＩＲ）的最新发展的及其在生药材鉴别上的独到之处和应用。     

染料分子SERS与FTIR－Raman的比较研究

本文研究了强荧光染料罗丹明Ｂ（ＲｈＢ）的表面增强拉曼（ＳＥＲＳ）和傅里叶变换红外拉曼（ＦＴＩＲ－Ｒａｍａｎ）光谱，比较了这两种技术在研究荧光物质拉曼效应方面各自的特点和优势，并对两种方法获得的振动模式的差异及ＲｈＢ在银表面的吸附方式进行了讨论。     

GC／FTIR与GC／MS法联合分析空气中有机污染物

本文采用气相色谱／傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ）和气相色谱／质谱（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）方法联用，分析了某工作间的空气污染物。通过仔细调整ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ联用仪中ＧＣ和ＩＲ参数，使有机混合物得到了很好的分离。在未知物的鉴定中，以质谱法定性为主，红外光谱也发挥了特有的作用，使分析结果更加可靠。     

不同状态HDEHP和DMHPA的FTIR光谱研究

研究了纯二（２－乙基己基）磷酸（ＨＤＥＨＰ）和二（１－甲基庚基）磷酸（ＤＭＨＰＡ），微乳状液，固体钠盐及萃取稀土有机相的ＦＴＩＲ光谱，了解到萃取剂的微观结构由于烷基Ｒ的排列方式状态及共存在的不而有差异。     

FTIR法研究核糖核酸酶（RNaseA）二级结构随温度的变化

本文利用ＦＴＩＲ法研究了牛胰核糖酸酶（ＲＮａｓｅＡ）二级结构随温度的变化。结果表明，α－螺旋结构随温度的变化较大，β－折叠的结构变化是一个比较复杂的过程。     

DMHPA—RE（Ⅲ）凝胶态萃取有机相的性质及微观结构的研究

本文应用ＩＣＰ／ＡＥＳ，ＦＴＩＲ等手段研究了含稀土（ＲＥ）的ＤＭＨＰＡ（二（１－甲基庚基）磷酸）－Ｃ７Ｈ１６（正庚烷）凝胶态的萃取有机相中的Ｎａ＾＋和ＲＥ＾３＋的含量及凝胶干燥后的溶胀性质。     

GPC－FTIR联用测定共聚物SBS的结构分布

凝胶渗透色谱仪（ＧＰＣ）与傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（ＦＴＩＲ）联用，以ＣＳ２为流动相，获得了共聚物ＳＢＳ的ＧＰＣ馏分的红外光谱图。根据图上各分离时间切片的红外光谱数据，计算出各相应时间切片的化学结构组成。结合经普适校正法获得的ＳＢＳ分子量分布的结果，采用自己编程的ＧＰＣ－ＦＴＩＲ－ＳＢＳ软件对ＳＢＳ的结构随分子量的变化进行了测定，得到了ＳＢＳ化学结构－分子量的分布图。     

LC—GC／FTIR联用方法的研究

建立了一种ＬＣ－ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ联用方法。由于在联用系统中采用了峰容量大，分离效率高的ＬＣ－ＧＣ二维色谱技术，本法可明显提高ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ对复杂有机混合物中微量组分的检测能力。实验证明ＬＣ／ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ联用方法是复杂有机混合物分析的又一有效手段。     

三维光谱学--二维红外光谱和时间分辨光谱

本文介绍了一类重要的光谱学分析方法-三维光谱学方法,对其中的时间分辨光谱和二维红外光谱作了详细的介绍,包括它们的基本原理、获取谱图的方法、谱图的性质等.介绍了二维红外光谱方法在光谱学分析中的一些应用领域.三维光谱分析方法已经成为光谱分析中重要的研究方法之一.     

Structural characterization and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory mechanism of Stropharia rugosoannulata mushroom peptides prepared by ultrasound

To reveal the structural characteristics and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition mechanism of Stropharia rugosoannulata mushroom peptides prepared by multifrequency ultrasound, the peptide distribution, amino acid sequence composition characteristics, formation pathway, and ACE inhibition mechanism of S. rugosoannulata mushroom peptides were studied. It was found that the peptides in S. rugosoannulata mushroom samples treated by multifrequency ultrasound (probe ultrasound and bath ultrasound mode) were mainly octapeptides, nonapeptides, and decapeptides. Hydrophobic amino acids were the primary amino acids in the peptides prepared by ultrasound, and the amino acid dissociation of the peptide bonds at the C-terminal under the action of ultrasound was performed mainly to produce hydrophobic amino acids. Pro and Val (PV), Arg and Pro (RP), Pro and Leu (PL), and Asp (D) combined with hydrophobic amino acids were the characteristic amino acid sequence basis of the active peptides of the S. rugosoannulata mushroom. The docking results of active peptides and ACE showed that hydrogen bond interaction remained the primary mode of interaction between ACE and peptides prepared by ultrasound. The peptides can bind to the amino acid residues in the ACE active pocket, zinc ions, or key amino acids in the domain, and this results in inhibition of ACE activity. Cation–pi interactions also played an important role in the binding of mushroom peptides to ACE. This study explains the structural characteristics and ACE inhibition mechanism used by S. rugosoannulata mushroom peptides prepared by ultrasound, and it will provide a reference for the development and application of S. rugosoannulata mushroom peptides.     

Study on the relationship between structure and taste activity of the umami peptide of Stropharia rugosoannulata prepared by ultrasound

Through virtual screening, electronic tongue verification, and molecular docking technology, the structure-taste activity relationship of 47 kinds of umami peptides (octapeptide - undecapeptide) from Stropharia rugosoannulata prepared by simultaneous ultrasonic-assisted directional enzymatic hydrolysis was analyzed. The umami peptides of S.rugosoannulata can form hydrogen bond interaction and electrostatic interaction with umami receptors T1R1/T1R3. The amino acid residues at the peptides' N-terminal and C-terminal play a vital role in binding with the receptors to form a stable complex. D, E, and R are the primary amino acids in the peptides that easily bind to T1R1/T1R3. The basic amino acid in the peptides is more easily bound to T1R1, and the acidic amino acid is more easily bound to T1R3. The active amino acid sites of the receptors to which the peptides bind account for 42%−65% of the total active amino acid residues in the receptors. ASP147 and ASP219 are the critical amino acid residues for T1R1 to recognize the umami peptides, and ARG64, GLU45, and GLU48 are the critical amino acid residues for T1R3 to recognize the umami peptides. The increase in the variety and quantity of umami peptides is the main reason for improving the umami taste of the substrate prepared by synchronous ultrasound-assisted directional enzymatic hydrolysis. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding simultaneous ultrasound-assisted directional enzymatic hydrolysis for preparing umami peptides from S.rugosoannulata, enhancing the flavor of umami, and the relationship between peptide structure and taste activity.     

NOx and N2O precursors (NH3 and HCN) from biomass pyrolysis: Co-pyrolysis of amino acids and cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin

Nitrogen in biomass is mainly in forms of proteins (amino acids). Glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, phenylalanine and proline are the major amino acids in agricultural straw. The six amino acids were pyrolyzed individually at 800 °C in a tubular reactor in an argon atmosphere. Each amino acid sample was then pyrolyzed individually with cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin with 1:1 mixing ratio by weight under the same condition. The emissions of HCN and NH₃ were detected with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The extent of interaction between the amino acids with cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin was determined by comparing the yields of HCN and NH₃ from co-pyrolysis with those from single amino acid pyrolysis under the same condition. The results indicate that the structure of the amino acid has a significant effect on the nitrogen transformation during pyrolysis. The mixtures undergo solid-state decomposition reactions during co-pyrolysis. The extent of interaction between the amino acids with cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin depends on the amino acid types and the components in biomass. Although single proline and leucine form no char, they give a significant amount of nitrogen-containing char when co-pyrolyzed with cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. HCN and NH₃ yields and nitrogen conversion pathway from amino acid pyrolysis are influenced by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.     

聚乙烯醇与氨基酸接枝共聚物的合成及光谱研究

本文致力于氨基酸类高分子药物的合成、表征。研究目的是研制一种氨基酸类高分子药物用于临床治疗；研究方法是将氨基酸与选定的高分子化合物进行高分子化学反应，联结到高分子链上；研究结果是合成了聚乙烯醇与氨基酸（甘氨酸、丙氨酸）的共聚物，用红外光谱、核磁共振谱对共聚物进行了分析和表征，并通过谱图对氨基酸的转化率进行了讨论，结果证明产物符号要求，且甘氨酸比丙氨酸的转化率高。     

FTIR法研究氨基酸稀土配合物与磷脂的相互作用

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）法研究了不同类型氨基酸及其配合物与二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱脂质体浇铸膜的相互作用。结果表明，在有氨基酸存在下，二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱的红外谱图没有明显的变化；氨基酸稀土配合物与磷脂极性头基团有静电相互作用，作用的程度随稀土离子、氨基酸及稀土同氨基酸配比的不同而有所不同。     

氨基酸对纳米硫的表面修饰和形貌调控作用

在超声条件下,向硫的无水乙醇饱和溶液中滴加氨基酸(表面修饰剂)的水溶液制备纳米硫溶胶.所得产物用透射电镜(TEM)、共振瑞利散射光谱(RRS)、激光散射(LLS)等进行表征,分析氨基酸对纳米硫的表面修饰作用机理.结果表明,以氨基酸作为表面修饰剂可在液相中获得具有多种形貌的纳米硫,含硫氨基酸对纳米硫有较好的分散作用,胱氨...     

Interactions between oligopeptides and oxidised titanium surfaces detected by vibrational spectroscopy

Five alternating polar/hydrophobic oligopeptides derived from EAK 16 (AEAEAKAKAEAEAKAK) were examined in comparison with EAK 16 (peptide 1) both after solubilisation/lyophilisation and deposition on oxidised titanium surfaces. The peptides were synthesised for their possible use as biomimetic materials due to their self‐assembling properties and the presence, in one of them, of the arginine‐glycine‐aspartic (RGD) sequence, an active modulator of cell adhesion. Infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies were used to investigate the influence of the amino acid substitution on the self‐assembling properties of the peptides under both experimental conditions. In the lyophilised peptides, β‐sheet was the prevailing conformation (65–69%) as in EAK 16, irrespective of acid substitution (E→D, peptide 2), basic substitution (K→O, peptide 3), hydrophobic spacer substitution (A→Abu, peptide 4 and A→Y, peptide 5) and RGD insertion (peptide 6). After deposition on oxidised titanium, the main conformation remained β‐sheet. The side‐chain shortening of the acidic amino acid residue (peptide 2) or the insertion of a rigid and bulky residue such as Y (peptide 5) decreased the self‐assembling ability more than the side‐chain shortening of the basic amino acid residue (peptide 3) or the insertion of the RGD head (peptide 6). The interaction with the oxidised titanium surface was mainly due to carboxylate groups with a bidentate bridging coordination and C  O peptidic groups. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fourier transform IR spectroscopic study of substituent effect in aromatic amino acids on the zwitterion–neutral molecule tautomeric equilibrium

Four aromatic amino acids (p-aminobenzoic, 4,6-diaminoisophthalic, o-aminobenzoic, and methylene-bis-anthranilic) were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The first two molecules were found to exist in the solid phase exclusively in neutral form and the latter two in coexisting neutral and ionic forms. The shift of the tautomeric equilibrium from neutral molecule to zwitterion is determined by the character of substitution, molecular conformation, and the possibility of noncovalent bonds formed between the functional groups. The separation of charges becomes possible only if the conformers of the molecule include a structure with an OH….N intramolecular hydrogen bond. The proton is completely transferred from the acid group to the amino group when the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds can stabilize the formed zwitterion. Otherwise, uncharged complexes with different degrees of proton transfer to the amino group are formed.     

基于太赫兹光谱的氨基酸检测

太赫兹是指频率从0.1到2.0 THz之间的远红外波。与傅里叶红外相比,太赫兹时域光谱能量低,信躁比高,并且无辐射损伤。氨基酸分子的低频振动模式(扭转,集体振动模式和氢键)处在 THz波段。氨基酸是一类重要的生物分子,是组成蛋白质最基本的物质。氨基酸分子以分子间氢键相互连接构成晶体。氨基酸在THz波段比在红外波段体现更多独特吸收特征。到目前为止,已经获得了20种氨基酸分子的太赫兹吸收谱,包括利用太赫兹技术对部分氨基酸的定量分析。氨基酸的太赫兹光谱研究,有利于深层次理解蛋白质/ DNA的低频振动模式及相关生物反应和活性。文章综述了20种氨基酸分子的太赫兹吸收光谱并建立了吸收光谱数据库。总结了太赫兹技术在氨基酸应用方面存在的问题,并对未来发展方向进行展望。