扭转模结构双腔双频Nd∶YAG激光器

为了产生频差可调谐1 064nm双频激光输出,设计了一种扭转模结构双腔双频Nd∶YAG激光器,其两个驻波谐振腔共用相同的Nd∶YAG增益介质,以扭转模结构消弱增益空间烧孔效应,使Nd∶YAG激光器的两个驻波腔均以单纵模振荡,从而获得正交线偏振1 064nm双频激光输出.理论分析了扭转模结构激光单纵模选择原理和双频激光同时振荡原理,实验研究了双频激光振荡特性和频差调谐特性.研究结果表明:双频Nd∶YAG激光器的两个谐振腔能够同时以线偏振单纵模稳定振荡输出,其频差大小可随激光腔长的改变而调谐,频差调谐范围可达1个纵模间隔,实验观察到的频差调谐范围为0.3GHz~3GHz.     

掺钕晶体双频微片激光器的频差温度特性研究

对不同参数的掺钕晶体双频微片激光器(DFML)进行频差温度特性研究.探索了在不同腔长、不同种类掺钕介质的DFML中,晶体温控温度对双频信号频差的影响.结果表明,双频信号频差与谐振腔光学腔长成反比,与晶体温控温度呈正相关;其中0.5mm腔长DFML(Nd∶YVO_4)的双频信号频差随晶体温控温度的变化率为0.34GHz/℃,0.8mm腔长DFML(Nd∶YVO4)的双频信号频差随晶体温控温度的变化率为0.12GHz/℃,1mm腔长DFML(Nd∶YVO_4)的双频信号频差随晶体温控温度的变化率为0.044GHz/℃;即腔长越短,晶体温控温度对频差的影响越大.不同材料Nd∶YVO_4和Nd∶GdVO_4晶体1mm腔长的DFML双频信号频差随晶体温度的变化率相近,仿真与实验结果符合较好.     

基于光纤环形腔激光器的可调谐全光波长转换器的研究

在光纤环形腔激光器中引入周期极化反转铌酸锂(PPLN)光波导，用该激光器产生的连续光作为抽运光和控制光，使其与外加的信号光发生非线性效应实现可调谐波长转换.介绍了基于准相位匹配的PPLN光波导中的和频与差频级联型全光波长转换器的基本原理.对抽运光、信号光、控制光以及转换光的光功率随着PPLN光波导的变化进行了模拟.还对转换效率随着转换光波长的变化进行了数值计算.实验验证了该波长转换器的可调谐性. 关键词： 周期极化反转铌酸锂 和频与差频 可调谐全光波长转换 光纤环形腔激光器     

超宽带可调谐全固态单频激光器的方法研究

对目前实现超宽带(数十到数百纳米)可调谐全固态单频激光器的常用方法进行了综述,介绍了棱镜色散腔、闪耀光栅色散腔、体布拉格光栅衍射腔、双折射滤光片干涉腔、声光调谐光学滤波器衍射腔和电光调谐光学滤波器干涉腔调谐选频的原理及实现方式。对以上方案的优缺点、实现的难易程度及可操作性进行了对比分析,分析表明超宽带可调谐全固态单频激光器可通过不同调谐方法结合谐振腔型设计或频率精选器件(如FP标准具等)实现。     

激光器内腔频差对双折射外腔激光回馈系统输出影响的理论及实验研究

玻璃材料的内应力关系及所在系统的稳定性、安全性和可靠性,是精密加工领域的重要问题.基于双折射外腔激光回馈效应的应力测量技术以其先进新颖的测量原理受到普遍关注.传统理论普遍认为双折射回馈系统中激光器的输出相位仅由外腔相位延迟决定,而将测量误差归因于外腔镜的非线性运动.本文结合正交偏振激光原理和三镜腔等效模型,测量了激光器的内腔双折射引起的频差大小,进行了频率调谐回馈实验,并根据结论计算了内腔频差对外腔相位延迟测量结果的影响,发现激光器的输出相位由外腔相位延迟、内腔频差、外腔长度共同决定.本文总结了内腔和外腔各向异性共同作用下激光器正交偏振态的相位特性,补充了激光回馈的物理内容,对于应力-双折射、位移、距离等重要参量的精确测量,都具有重要指导意义.     

激光二极管抽运频差可调谐双频固体激光器的研究

研究了激光二极管抽运的可调频差的双频固体激光器，激光增益介质为2mm厚的1at%掺杂Nd:YAG薄片.对谐振腔产生稳定双频激光的条件作了分析，用琼斯矩阵计算了谐振腔内各处电场矢量的偏振态，证明了双频激光两个电场矢量偏振态之间总是正交的.两个偏振激光频率间隔由改变λ/4波片快轴之间的夹角实现调谐.实验中使用腔内标准具实现单频运转，然后插入双λ/4波片使单纵模激光频率分裂，实现了激光器的双频输出.实验中得到双频激光稳定运转时频差的上限约为1.3GHz；由于强模竞争现象的存在，实验中所观察到的频差下限为50MHz. 100MHz拍频时得到的双频激光输出功率为85mW. 关键词： 激光技术 固体激光器 双频激光     

基于飞秒光频梳的双频He-Ne激光器频率测量

利用光纤飞秒光频梳和外腔可调谐半导体激光器, 建立了一套双频He-Ne激光器频率测量系统. 选用铷钟作为系统的频率基准, 通过将外腔半导体激光锁定至光频梳使得其频率溯源至铷钟, 再利用外腔可调谐半导体激光与双频He-Ne激光器输出的正交偏振激光拍频, 同时测量两路正交偏振激光频率. 将可调谐半导体激光器锁定至光频梳第1894449个梳齿, 其绝对频率为473612190000.0±2.7 kHz, 相对不确定度为5.7×10^-12. 对商品双频He-Ne激光器进行频率测量实验, 双频He-Ne激光器水平方向偏振激光频率均值为473612229934 kHz, 竖直方向偏振激光频率均值为473612232111 kHz, 平均时间为1024 s的相对Allan标准差为5.2×10^-11, 频差均值为2.177 MHz, 标准偏差为2 kHz.     

基于正交偏振双纵模的氦氖激光器纳米测尺系统

提出一种基于正交偏振双纵模的氦氖激光器纳米测尺系统,将双折射元件插入He-Ne激光器谐振腔内产生频率分裂效应,使激光器变成了频差可调的双频激光器。运用频率分裂、模竞争、双纵模功率调谐等激光物理效应和设定浮动阈值,研制了新型的激光器纳米测尺。以激光波长为尺子,具有可溯源性,在没有任何电细分的条件下达到了纳米量级的分辨率,与激光干涉仪的比对实验表明,该系统的分辨率为79 nm,量程为15 mm,线性度为5.4×10-5,标准差为380 nm。     

HeNe双频激光器频差的激光内雕赋值法

在精密测量领域,HeNe激光器是制造激光干涉仪的首选.但能够产生中频差4—40 MHz的双折射-塞曼双频HeNe激光器的频差是随机的,小到几百kHz,大到十几MHz.为了让频差能够满足制作双频激光干涉仪的要求,曾出现过弹性加力法、钻孔应力调节法等调整和频差赋值的方法.但这些方法在实际应用中都不是很理想.采用激光内雕法赋值频差,通过在激光器的平面输出镜内部雕刻出不同图案,使平面镜内部产生满足要求的相位延迟,达到为频差赋值的目的.激光内雕法有很多优点:不损害激光器,美观;功率损失小,出光强度可接近原始光强度;可反复赋值,频差在0—60 MHz范围内可调整;频差的稳定性好,采用稳频措施后频差的波动范围小于每小时10 kHz.     

激光回馈引起的微片Nd:YAG激光器频差调制

微片激光器由于自身的内应力会输出频率分裂的正交偏振的两个模式.研究了回馈对微片激光器频差的影响.研究发现:在回馈的作用下微片激光器的频差大小呈现出以初始频差为中心的类正弦的频差调制,周期为λ/2;频差调制曲线的幅度与回馈水平成正比,但是当回馈水平过强时会出现偏振态跳变,从而使频差消失;在一定的回馈外腔范围内,频差调制曲线的幅度与初始频差亦成正比.并利用复合腔模型和激光器的自洽理论进行了理论分析和模拟,所得结果与实验结果相符.此调制现象在精密测量领域有潜在应用.     

Differential variation of laser longitudinal mode spacing induced by small intra-cavity phase anisotropies

Intra-cavity phase anisotropy causes each laser longitudinal mode to split into two orthogonally polarized frequencies. When the frequency difference generated by small anisotropy is about 40 MHz or less, only one frequency of the splitting mode oscillates while the other is always in lock-in state due to strong mode competition. In that case the longitudinal mode spacing deviates from its original value. And the spacing of two adjacent longitudinal modes shows differential variations depending on direction of cavity length tuning and mode polarization. In this paper, the relationship between spacing variation and small intra-cavity anisotropy is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically. The equivalent fast axis of anisotropy is determined additionally by its correlation with laser intensity tuning of the two orthogonally polarized components. The novel measurement method is successfully tested in several applications.     

A novel orthogonal polarized dual-frequency laser using a Y-shaped cavity

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel dual-frequency He-Ne laser based on a Y-shaped cavity. The laser uses a polarization beam splitter to produce two orthogonal polarized beams that oscillate simultaneously in different sub-cavities. The different optical lengths of the cavities produce two longitudinal mode series with different mode spacing. In our experiments, a frequency difference between two orthogonal polarized lights ranging from 26 to 665 MHz was observed by changing the voltage applied to the piezoelectric transducer attached to the mirror of P polarized sub-cavity. The lock-in frequency difference is about 26 MHz. The competing processes were also investigated.     

高功率宽带射频调制连续激光源

射频强度调制激光作为激光雷达系统的载波可以有效提高系统的抗干扰和抗散射能力,高功率宽带射频强度调制光源是实现高分辨率远距离探测的关键.本文采用在Nd:YAG激光器的耦合腔中插入一对四分之一波片的方法实现了频差调谐范围为30 MHz—1.5 GHz的双频激光输出,结合光纤振荡功率放大技术,将双频信号光功率放大为50 W.耦合腔双频种子源具有良好的功率和频率稳定性,输出功率为9.5 mW时,功率标准差为0.145 mW,稳定性为1.52%,输出双频激光的频差为250 MHz时,拍频的标准差为1.6144 MHz.种子光进行三级光纤功率放大,得到50 W双频激光输出.放大后的双频激光功率波动范围小于0.1 W,双频拍频的标准差为1.777 MHz,很好地保持了放大之前的功率稳定性和双频频差稳定性.     

Frequency difference lock-in phenomenon's weakening by transverse magnetic field in Y-shaped cavity dual-frequency laser

We report experimental progress in weakening the frequency difference lock-in phenomenon in a Y-shaped cavity dual-frequency laser. A cube coil pair is chosen to provide a uniform magnetic field for tunability and uniformity of magnetic field strength. When the transverse magnetic field intensity is 9 m T, the frequency difference lock-in phenomenon is evidently weakened and the frequency difference can be continuously tuned in the range of0.12 MHz to 1.15 GHz. Moreover, the relationship between the minimal frequency difference and magnetic field intensity are investigated and discussed. Then a Y-shaped cavity dual-frequency laser is expected to be utilized as an optimum light source for heterodyne interferometric sensing and precise laser measurement.     

Acousto-optic Q-switched laser performances of Er^3＋：Yb^3＋：LuAl3（BO3）4 crystal at 1.5-1.6 μm

The cavity tuning characteristics of orthogonally polarized dual-frequency He-Ne laser at 1.15 μm are presented. Vectorial-extension model based on semi-classical laser theory reveals that cavity tuning characteristics are related to beat frequency, relative excitation, and type of Ne isotope. Distortions of cavity tuning curves become moderate with the increase of beat frequency because of the weakening of the crosssaturation effect. Distortions are enhanced with the increase of relative excitation because of the combined action of the self-saturation and cross-saturation effects. By adopting dual-isotope Ne instead of monoiso- toplic Ne, distortions are reduced because of the misalignment between peaks of the self-saturation and net gain coefficients. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental results.     

Zeeman双频激光器频率分裂与纵模间隔变动一致性分析

激光谐振腔内相位各向异性会引起频率分裂,两分裂模的频差大小由表现出的相位延迟所决定.对于腔内相位延迟较小的He-Ne激光器,两分裂模很接近,处于烧孔重叠区,存在模式竞争而不能同时振荡,形成隐频率分裂.同时,使得激光器两正交偏振方向上的相邻级纵模产生固定的变动量,其大小等于隐频率分裂量的2倍.如果沿激光偏振方向施加横向磁场,Ne原子谱线发生横向Zeeman分裂,增益原子分成两群,分别为平行于磁场和垂直于磁场方向偏振的光提供增益,大大减弱模竞争,使得激光器的两分裂模可同时振荡并测得频差.在谐振腔内放入倾斜的石英晶体片或半波片,由两种方法分别测量频率分裂量并进行比较.实验表明两种方法测量的结果均与理论计算相符,平均相对偏差不超过1%.据此可以准确得到Zeeman双频激光器的频差大小,并为半波片测量提供了新方法.     

Mode Suppression Phenomenon in a Mode Splitting He-Ne Laser

The mode competition is significant in laser physics and applications. A priority frequency will suppress, in competition, a potential frequency within gain profile, and this becomes more obvious with greatly decreasing the spacing of the two frequencies. The small spacing is produced by splitting one mode into two orthogonally polarized frequencies in a 0. 6328 μm He-Ne laser with a short cavity length (150 mm long). By tuning the cavity length, the intensities of the two frequencies (e-mode and o-mode) under a ariety of frequency spacings is measured. The suppression bandwidth for the potential mode is up to several hundreds of MHz and changes with the frequency spacing of the pair of frequencies. The intensities for the two frequencies are vary oppositely.     

Mode Suppression Phenomenon in a Mode Splitting He-Ne Laser

The mode competition is significant in laser physics and applications. A priority frequency will suppress, in competition, a potential frequency within gain profile, and this becomes more obvious with greatly decreasing the spacing of the two frequencies. The small spacing is produced by splitting one mode into two orthogonally polarized frequencies in a 0. 6328 μm He-Ne laser with a short cavity length (150 mm long). By tuning the cavity length, the intensities of the two frequencies (e-mode and o-mode) under a ariety of frequency spacings is measured. The suppression bandwidth for the potential mode is up to several hundreds of MHz and changes with the frequency spacing of the pair of frequencies. The intensities for the two frequencies are vary oppositely.     

双共振准相位匹配光学参量振荡器的调谐特性

利用全固化单频Nd：YVO4激光器泵浦双共振难相位匹配铌酸锂连续光学参量振荡器，实验研究了该光学参量振荡器下转换光的调谐特性。通过改变PPLN晶体的温度及OPO的腔长，下转换光的调谐范围分别为189nm和175nm，通过改变泵浦光频率，信号光频率连续调谐375MHz。实验结果与理论计算值基本吻合。