190─200Pt偶质量同位素低能激发态的微观研究

从壳模型组态､价核子间有效相互作用及费米子E2跃迁算子出发,利用一种以Dyson玻色子展开为基础的微观方案,给出了sdgIBM-1哈密顿量及玻色子E2跃迁算子,计算了^190─200Pt偶质量同位素的低激发态能谱及E2约化跃迁矩阵元.理论计算结果与实验值或唯象工作做了比较,符合较好.     

质子-中子相互作用玻色子模型的计算程序NPBOS的群链检验

应用质子玻色子和中子玻色子耦合的观点讨论了质子-中子相互作用玻色子模型(IBM2)的各种对称群链.IBM2的动力学对称群链分四类,其中某些对称群链是新发现的.应用群链检验方法,对广泛使用的IBM2计算程序NPBOS进行了检验,结果表明,除O(6)极限外,NPBOS程序的结果是正确的.我们改正了NPBOS中的错误,并利用改正后的NPBOS计算了¹⁵⁰Sm,¹⁵²Sm核的能谱和E2跃迁,得到了与实验符合较好的结果.     

有效玻色子数及其应用

本文用半经验方法给出了A≥70的偶偶核的有效玻色子数,收集了玻色子数饱和的有关证据,并采用有效玻色子数概念,处理了内禀电四极矩Q₀与N_πN_v(A≥70的偶偶核)系统关系,得到了Q₀的经验公式.本文采用所给的有效玻色子数对¹⁴²Ce和¹⁴⁴Nd进行了数值计算,结果较好.     

振动核区的g玻色子自由度

本文从能谱和跃迁几率诸方面讨论了振动核区的g玻色子自由度的问题,并给出了M1跃迁和E2跃迁的一些解析表达式.初步研究表明,探索振动核区的g玻色子自由度是有意义的.     

相互作用玻色子模型中相变特征量的玻色子数N依赖行为

研究了相互作用玻色子模型中各种对相变比较敏感的特征量相对于总玻色子数N的依赖行为. 通过比较这些特征量在U(5)-SU(3)过渡区以及U(5)-O(6)过渡区在不同N情况下的临界行为, 发现BE(2)比值B(E2;4₁→2₁)/B(E2};2₁→0₁)和B(E2;0₂→2₁)/B(E2;2₁→0₁)等可以作为完全区分一级相变和二级相变的有效序参量.     

B介子稀有衰变与荷电PG玻色子企鹅图贡献

计算了荷电PG玻色子P^±和P^±₈对B介子稀有衰变过程B→X_s,dνν和B_s,d→1⁺1^－(l=e,μ,τ)的企鹅图和箱图贡献.计算表明:(a)荷电PG玻色子可以对B介子稀有衰变分枝比Br(B→X_s,dνν)和Br(B_s,d→1⁺1^－)给出3～5倍的增强;(b)在大部分参数空间内,色八重态PG玻色子P₈^±起主要作用.     

三玻色子核的核谱研究

在相互作用玻色子模型的基础上,用玻色子表面δ力作为玻色子之间的有效相互作用,计算了一些三玻色子核的核谱,同时也计算了E2约化跃迁几率,结果令人满意.表明这种模型是成功的.     

关于Pb208附近原子核的γ跃迁(Ⅰ)——E2和E3跃迁

本文用组态混合及原子核表面振动计算了Pb²⁰⁸附近原子核的一些E2,E3跃迁。在选用的参数为C₂=1000Mev,C₃=350Mev,?ω₃=2.6Mev, ?ω₂=5Mev,的情况下,除Pb²⁰⁶中二个E3跃迁外,其他都得到了理论与实验相符合的结果。结果说明了组态混合主要是由剩余相互作用力引起的,而表面振动硬度和频率决定了E2,E3跃迁几率。     

组分夸克模型对重子共振态的纵向跃迁的相对论计算

相对论组态混合效应对重子共振态的纵向跃迁振幅S_1/2(Q²)的影响进行了讨论. 研究表明这种组态混合效应会对纵向跃迁振幅S_1/2(Q²)起着明显的作用.     

128—150Ce偶偶核的低能谱和电磁跃迁的相互作用玻色子模型

采用相互作用玻色子模型研究了^128—150Ce同位素核的低能正宇称态的能谱和电磁跃迁.应用简单的哈密顿量很好的描述它们的能谱和E2跃过.研究表明,这些偶偶Ce核是属于U(5)到SU(3)过渡核,而¹⁴⁶Ce以后的核基本是完全的转动核.     

基于微观IBM对电子-核散射及核电磁性质的研究(Ⅱ) ME理论方案

从一种微观作用玻色子模型（IBM）玻色子集体态子空间映射出费米子集体态子空间,通过假定玻色子算符形式以及使物理算符在两集体态子空间中对应归一化基矢间矩阵元相等,给出了从费米子单体算符导出玻色子单体算符的一种微观理论方法（ME方法）,文中以获取玻色子结构函数亦即确定玻色子形式核跃迁电荷／电流密度算符为例对此作出了详细介绍,利用微观IBM提供的波函数可在玻色子态空间中求出核跃迁电荷／电流密度,结合电子－核散射以及核电磁跃迁的形式理论,可建立研究电子－核散射各种形状因子与微分散射截面以及核约化跃迁几率,电磁多极矩,核态g因子等物理量的理论方案,在微观sdgIBM-1下利用该方案初步计算了146Nd核21^ 态到o 1^ 态的跃迁电荷密度以及约化跃迁几率,理论结果与实验值符合较好。     

Description of the Structure of 88-96Sr in the IBM

The neutron-rich even-even Sr isotopes are studied in the interacting boson model. The semi-closed nucleus ⁸⁸Sr is studied in the framework of the IBMI, and ^90-96Sr are studied in the neutron-proton interacting boson model. The spectrum and E2, M1 transition properties are calculated and compared with experiment.     

The Structure of the Neutron-Rich Nd Isotopes in the IBM

The spectra and E2 transition properties of ^146-156Nd isotopes are studied in the interacting boson model in the light of new experimental data. It is found that ^146-150Nd are in the transition from the vibrational limit to the rotational limit. From ¹⁵²Nd onward, the isotopes are nearly perfect rotors. Possible deformation saturation is discussed in the interacting boson model.     

Enhancement of B(E2) Collectivity in the sdg-Interacting Boson Model

It is pointed out that the difficulty in boson models in explaining the large B(E2) experimental data is not due to the lack of collectivity in boson model wavefunction. This long standing problem of reduction in collectivity of wavefunction in boson models can be solved by choosing an appropriate E2 transition operator in the SU(3) limit of the sdg-interacting boson model. The ratio B(E2, L + 2 → L)/B(E2,2 → 0) can be almost any large number.     

142-164Dy核的低能谱和电磁跃迁的相互作用玻色子模型

采用IBM模型研究了^142-164Dy核的低能正宇称态的能谱和电磁跃迁。应用U(5)→SU(3)的简化哈密顿量较好地描述了它们的能谱和电磁跃迁。研究结果表明，该核基本属于U(5)→SU(3)的过渡核Spectra and E2 transition rates for the even even 142-164Dy isotopes are studied in the framework of the interacting boson model. A schematic Hamiltonian capable of describing their spectra and transition is used. It is found that the even even 142-164Dy isotopes are in the transition from U(5)to SU(3) dynamical symmetry.     

An IBM2 Description of the E(5) Symmetry in 134Ba and 108pd

With the low-lying energy levels, E2 transition branching ratios and absolute transition rates of the 134Ba and 108Pd, are investigated in the neutron-proton interacting boson model (IBM2) which includes the quadrupole quadrupole interaction between like bosons and the E(5) symmetry, it shows that the IBM2 can describe the nuclei at critical point of a phase transition well.     

基于微观IBM对电子-核散射及核电磁性质的研究(I) BE理论方案

从价核子自由度出发构造出核跃迁电荷/电流密度算符,采用Dyson玻色子展开技术给出了获取核玻色子形式跃迁电荷/电流密度有效算符的一种微观方法(BE方法).利用微观相互作用玻色子模型(IBM)提供的波函数可在玻色子态空间中求出核跃迁电荷/电流密度,结合电子-核散射以及核电磁跃迁的形式理论,建立了可研究电子-核散射各种形状因子,微分散射截面以及核约化跃迁几率、电磁多极矩、核态g因子等物理量的理论方案.在一种微观sdIBM-2框架下,结合现有理论方案,初步计算了     

An IBM2 Description of the E(5) Symmetry in 134Ba and 108Pd

With the low-lying energy levels, E2 transition branching ratios and absolute transition rates of the ¹³⁴Ba and ¹⁰⁸Pd, are investigated in the neutron-proton interacting boson model (IBM2) which includes the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction between like bosons and the E(5) symmetry, it shows that the IBM2 can describe the nuclei at critical point of a phase transition well.     

IBM-2 calculations of some even-even selenium nuclei

In this study, we determined the most appropriate Hamiltonian that is needed for present calculations of nuclei in the A≅ 80 region by the view of interacting boson model (IBM-2). Using the best-fitted values of parameters in the Hamiltonian, we have calculated energy levels and B(E2) values for a number of transitions in some doubly even Se nuclei. The results were compared with the previous experimental and theoretical data and it is observed that they are in good agreement. The calculations have been extended to Se isotopes with A < 76 for which some B(E2) values are still not known.