Se同位素的形状共存

基于形变Woods Saxon势下的推转壳模型对Se同位素进行Total Routhian Surface (TRS) 计算。 结果表明, 原子核的形状随中子数变化很明显。 对66,72, 92, 94Se 基态TRS图进行分析, 发现缺中子同位素和中子滴线附近核素均存在扁椭球和长椭球的形状共存。 分别对72Se和94Se进行推转计算,长椭球和扁椭球形状在低推转频率下共存, 由于g9/2闯入轨道的影响, 随着推转频率的增加,扁椭球形变逐渐消失,长椭球形变带成为转晕带。 Nuclear shape change and shape coexistence in the Selenium isotopes have been investigated by Total Routhian Surface(TRS) calculations. It is found that nuclear shapes vary significantly with increasing neutron number. The TRS calculations for the ground states of 66, 72, 92, 94Se isotopes show that both neutron deficient and neutron dripline Selenium isotopes have oblate and prolate shape coexistence. The cranking shell model calculations for 72, 94Se give that prolate and oblate shape coexistence in low rotational frequency. However, oblate rotational bands disappear and prolate rotational bands become yrast bands with increasing rotational frequency, which is due to the intrusion of the g9/2 orbitals.     

同位旋效应对F同位素s-d能级间隙的影响

在单粒子势模型的框架下, 计算了O同位素和F同位素的基态和某些低激发态的能级值、均方根半径值及密度分布。通过在伍兹 萨克逊势中引入同位旋依赖项, 研究了同位旋效应对F同位素s-d能级间隙的影响。理论计算得到的均方根半径值和自旋宇称值与实验结果一致。尤其是, 理论计算能够实现16F, 15F和14F中2s_1/2与1d_5/2质子能级间的反转, 且F同位素中s-d质子能级间隙及其整体变化趋势与已知实验结果符合较好。此外, 理论结果表明17F的(1/2)+第一激发态为单质子晕态。 The level structures of O and F isotopes are investigated in the framework of the single particle potential model. The isospin effect on the s d level spacing in F isotopes is studied by introducing an isospin dependent term in the depth of the Woods Saxon potential. The theoretical results of RMS radii and spin parity values are in agreement with the experimental data. In particular, the level inversion between proton levels of 2s_1/2 and 1d_5/2 in 16F, 15F and 14F is reproduced. The global tendency of the s-d level spacing agrees with the observed fact. In addition, the study confirms the one proton halo structure in 17F(2s_1/2).     

丰中子锶同位素的投影壳模型研究

利用考虑跨壳激发的投影壳模型（PSM）方法,研究了质子数Z=38、中子数N=63和64大形变丰中子101,102Sr同位素的结构性质。主要计算了转动谱、转动惯量和电磁跃迁性质等（如B（E2）和g因子）,并与相应的实验数据进行系统比较和相关的理论预言。结果表明,PSM可以利用理论计算的能带图解释101,102Sr同位素的转动惯量、电磁跃迁随自旋的变化,分析晕带的结构。PSM理论可以很好地再现实验结果,说明PSM方法及其采用的有效相互作用可以外推研究丰中子核区101,102Sr同位素的原子核结构。对于101,102Sr同位素,核子开始填布质子g_9/2和中子h_11/2轨道,通过更为仔细地分析能带图中来自质子g_9/2和中子h_11/2轨道对各转动带的组态成分的贡献,清晰地表明丰中子核结构性质对不同核子填布的依赖。Recently, we have carried out systematically studies on the structural properties of proton number Z=38, neutron number N=63 and 64 neutron-rich isotopes 101,102Sr by using the projected shell model (PSM) with consideration of cross shell excitation. The rotation spectra, the moment of inertia and the electromagnetic transition properties (such as B(E2) and g-factor) are calculated and compared with the corresponding experimental data in this paper. Furthermore, more high spin states are predicted in the calculation and expected to be confirmed experimentally. The results show that the PSM can not only well analyze the structural properties of yrast bands in 101,102Sr but also interpret the variation of the moment of inertia, electromagnetic transition with spins in terms with the theoretical band diagram. The good agreement with the experimental data suggests that the PSM with the adopted effective interactions can be generalized to study the nuclear structure of 101,102Sr isotopes in neutron-rich mass region. For 101,102Sr isotopes, the nucleons begin to fill proton g_9/2 and neutron h_11/2 orbital, the dependence of nuclear structure and properties on the different orbital occupies is described by carefully analyzing the contribution from proton g_9/2 and neutron h_11/2 orbital to the configuration of rotational bands in band diagram.     

Rotational properties in even-even superheavy ~(254-258)Rf nuclei based on total-Routhian-surface calculations

High-spin yrast structures of even-even superheavy nuclei254-258Rf are investigated by means of total Routhian-surface approach in three-dimensional(β2, γ, β4) space. The behavior in the moments of inertia of256 Rf is well reproduced by our calculations, which is attributed to the j15/2neutron rotation-alignment. The competition between the rotationally aligned i13/2proton and j15/2neutron may occur to a large extent in256 Rf. High-spin predictions are also made for its neighboring isotopes254,258 Rf, showing that the alignment of the j15/2neutron pair is more favored than that of the i13/2proton pair.     

Descriptive study of the even-even actinide nuclei ~(230-234)Th isotopes using IBM-1

The nuclear structure of the actinide even–even thorium isotopes from A=230-234 have been investigated within the framework of the Interacting Boson Model(IBM-1). Predictions are given for the excited state energies for the ground state, β and γ-bands, the transition probabilities between these states, the rotational moment of inertia, and the energy staggering in the γ-band energies. The results of these calculations are compared with the experimental data on these isotopes.     

Rotational Bands of Some Neutron Deficient Odd-A Pt Isotopes in Particle-Triaxial-Rotor Model

Theoretical calculations are performed for neutron deficient Pt isotopes ^177pt and ^175,173,171 Pt in the particletriaxial-rotor model with variable moment of inertia. The obtained energy spectra agree with experimental data quite well. The calculated results indicate that all these nuclei are in triaxial rotation with ^177pt; being in prolate and ^175,173,171pt in oblate. Several levels are predicted for the 13/2^＋ band in ^169pt.     

Proton Orbital [541]1/2 and Backbending in 178W

The microscopic mechanism of nine experimentally observed bands in ^178W is investigated using the particle-number conserving method of the cranked shell model with monopole and quadrupole paring interactions. The experimental results, including the moments of inertia and angular momentum alignments of nine bands in ^178W, are reproduced well by the particle-number conserving calculations, in which no free parameter is involved. Calculations demonstrate that occurrence of sharp backbending comes mainly from the contribution of high-j intruder orbitals vi13/2 or πh11/2 and their interference effect with orbitals near the Fermi surface. Theω variation of the occupation probability of each cranked orbital and the contribution to moment of inertia from each cranked orbital are analyzed.     

Blocking Effect and Moments of Inertia of K = 1/2 Rotational Band in 171Yb

The K = 1/2 rotational band in 171yb is investigated using the particle number conserving (PNC) method for treating the cranked shell model with monopole and quadrupole pairing interactions. The experimental moments of inertia of 171 Yb [521]1/2 (signature α = 1/2) are reproduced well by the PNC calculation, in which no free parameter is involved. The difference in the contribution to the moment of inertia between protons and neutrons is mainly due to the blocking effect of neutron normal orbitals. The ω variation of the occupation probability of each cranked orbital and the contribution to the moment of inertia from each major shell and from each cranked orbital are investigated.     

The low-lying rotational bands of the neutron-rich nucleus <Superscript>172</Superscript>Tm

The microscopic mechanism of four experimentally observed bands in 172Tm is investigated using the particle-number conserving method of the cranked shell model with monopole and quadrupole paring interactions.The experimental results,including the moments of inertia and angular momentum alignments of four bands in 172Tm are reproduced well by the particle-number conserving calculations.The ω variation of the occupation probability of each cranked orbital and the contribution to moment of inertia from each c...     

Structure of high spin state in proton-rich ~(74,76,78)Kr isotopes:A projected shell model description

The N≈Z nuclei in the mass A~80 region has been researched because of an abundance of nuclear structure phenomena.The projected shell model(PSM)was adopted to investigate the structure of high spin state in proton-rich 74,76,78Kr isotopes including yrast spectra,moment of inertia,electric quadrupole transitions and the behavior of single particle.The calculated results are in good agreement with available data and the shape coexistence in low-spin is also discussed.     

Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Double Perovskite Ca2CrSbO6

First-principles calculations have been performed for the study of the electronic band structure and ferromagnetic properties of double perovskite Ca2CrSbO6. The density of states, total energy, spin magnetic moment, and charge density were calculated and analyzed in details. It is found that Ca2CrSbO6 has a stable ferromagnetic ground state and the spin magnetic moment per molecule is about 2.99#B. The chromium contributes the most in the total magnetic moments. The results indicate that Ca2CrSbO6 is half-metallic.     

Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of Cu[C(CN)3]2 and Mn[C(CN)3]2 Based on First Principles

The electronic structure and the magnetic properties of the molecule-based ferromagnets Cu[C(CN)₃]₂ and Mn[C(CN)₃]₂ are studied accordingto first principles within density-functional theory (DFT) and the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. The total energy, atomic spin magnetic moments, and density of states (DOS) of Cu[C(CN)₃]₂ and Mn[C(CN)₃]₂ are all calculated. The calculations reveal that the compounds have a stable ferromagnetic ground state and half-metallic properties. The total spin magnetic moment is 1.0 μ_B for Cu[C(CN)₃]₂ and 5.0 μ_B for Mn[C(CN)₃]₂ per molecule, the magnetic moment mainly comes from metal atoms, although there is a slight contribution from N and C atoms.     

Alignments in the nobelium isotopes

Total-Routhian-Surface calculations have been performed to investigate the deformation and align-ment properties of the No isotopes. It is found that normal deformed and superdeformed states in these nuclei can coexist at low excitation energies. In neutron-deficient No isotopes, the superdeformed shapes can even become the ground states. Moreover, we plotted the kinematic moments of inertia of the No isotopes, which follow very nicely available experimental data. It is noted that, as the rotational frequency increases, align-ments develop at hω=0.2-0.3 MeV. Our calculations show that the occupation of the vj<,15/2> orbital plays an important role in the alignments of the No isotopes.     

氩-氮混合气电感耦合等离子体在元素和同位素分析中的应用进展

在传统Ar等离子体中引入其他活性气体(如氮气等)已经成为拓展其分析性能的一种重要手段。本文较系统的阐述了Ar-N₂混合气体电感耦合等离子体的基本物理化学性质,从N₂气引入引起传统Ar-ICP基本物理化学参数变化的层面出发探讨了Ar-N₂混合气等离子体特殊性质产生的机制,回顾了Ar-N₂混合气电感耦合等离子体在质谱分析中近40年的应用成果,并且展望了该技术在未来元素和同位素分析领域的应用前景。     

First-Principles Study on Electronic Structure and Half-Metallic Properties of CoNCN and NiNCN

We studied the electronic structure of the two new transition-metal carbodiimides CoNCN and NiNCN using first-principles method, which is based on density-functional theory (DFT). The density of states (DOS), the total energy of the cell and the spin magnetic moment of CoNCN and NiNCN were calculated. The calculations reveal that the compound CoNCN and NiNCN havehalf-metallic properties in ferromagnetic ground state, and the spinmagnetic moment per molecule is about 7.000 μ_B and 6.000 μ_B for CoNCN and NiNCN, respectively.     

Alignments in the nobelium isotopes

Total-Routhian-Surface calculations have been performed to investigate the deformation and alignment properties of the No isotopes. It is found that normal deformed and superdeformed states in these nuclei can coexist at low excitation energies. In neutron-deficient No isotopes, the superdeformed shapes can even     

高压对β-胡萝卜素分子结构及π-电子离域影响的拉曼光谱研究

利用金刚石对顶砧在常压至12.85 GPa条件下对β-胡萝卜素进行了原位高压拉曼光谱测量,讨论了β-胡萝卜素分子特征峰频率随压力的变化规律及其π-电子离域受压力的影响。实验结果表明,β-胡萝卜素的各特征峰均向高波数移动,其主要的三个特征峰的拉曼频率与压力的关系为：ν₁(CC)=4.74P+1 511.4, ν₂(C—C)=2.55P+1 157.6和ν₃(CH₃)=2.25P+1 011.3,β-胡萝卜素的ν₁+ν₂和频峰在5.38 GPa的压力条件下发生劈裂。对实验结果进一步分析发现随压力增大β-胡萝卜素分子的β环扭转变化使其π-电子离域程度变弱, 导致β-胡萝卜素分子主链上的碳碳双键比碳碳单键更容易压缩。     

Cranking Calculation in the sdg Interacting Boson Model

A self-consistent cranking calculation of the intrinsic states of the sdg interacting boson model is performed. The formulae of the moment of inertia are given in a general sdg IBM multipole Hamiltonian with one- and two-body terms. In the quadrupole interaction, the intrinsic states, the quadrupole and hexadecapole deformation and the moment of inertia are investigated in the large N limit. Using a simple Hamiltonian, the results of numerical calculations for ¹⁵²,¹⁵⁴Sm and ^154-160 Gd satisfactorily reproduce the experimental data.