核物质的物态方程的研究

在相对论σ–ω模型的单圈图近似下,详细推导了核物质的能量密度和压强密度表达式,数值计算了核物质的结合能和压强随核密度的变化,并分别在热力学和流体力学的理论框架下,计算了核物质的压强密度,结果表明这两种方法得到的压强密度相同.     

冲击波加热的氩气的发射光谱

为了研究弱冲击条件下氩气的辐射特性,从二级轻气炮发射的89 W飞片以2.00 km/s的速度撞击封装有常态下氩气的LY12铝靶,用六通道瞬态高温计和示波器记录到受一次冲击压缩的氩气的光辐射信号随时间的变化规律:从405 nm到700 nm的5个通道信号为直线段,800 nm通道的信号为指数曲线段,并测量出相应的冲击波速度为4.10±0.09 k m/s.实验表明,冲击压缩的氩气对可见光的吸收系数较小,气体的光学厚度沿长波方向从光学薄向光学厚转变.二次冲击压缩氩气的辐射信号上升前沿的时间分辨光谱用OMA系统记录,并观察到450 nm附近有较强的发射光谱带,但没有观察到明显的线状光谱.通过冲击波后参数和氩气电离度的理论计算,解释了冲击压缩下氩气的发射光谱特性.     

光的偏振演示仪的制作

针对现行教材的内容制作了光的偏振演示仪.该演示仪既可以真实的演示光的偏振现象,又可以通过在形成驻波的弦上放置狭缝,模拟演示光的偏振现象,且驻波的振动频率连续可调.     

教学的平台 探索的基地 求知的乐园——实验物理教学的追求

文章从实验物理教学的范畴和性质出发,比较中外实验教学的差异,结合当前存在的问题,探讨理想的实验物理教学模式．提出实验物理教学应当以学生为中心,鼓励学生的自主创新精神和师生密切互动;发展实验教学中心应当以质量为重点,而不是盲目追求数量;努力把实验物理教学中心建设成为教学的平台、探索的基地、求知的乐园．     

电磁感应定律的发现与场的概念的提出

 迈克尔·法拉第是19世纪伟大的物理学家,他对物理学最卓越的贡献就是通过实验发现了电磁感应定律。当时法拉第受德国古典哲学中辩证思想的影响,认为电、磁、光、热之间是相互联系的。1820年奥斯特发现了电流对磁针的作用,法拉第敏锐地认识到了它的重要性。     

基于SystemModeler的物理模型的仿真

以RLC串联电路的暂态过程和耦合摆的运动为例子,介绍了仿真软件SystemModeler的使用。同时这也表明了SystemModeler是一款高效的、使用方便的仿真软件,可以在物理教学充分加以利用,以提高课堂教学效果。     

太阳的故事——太阳的脉搏

 为了回答上一篇末尾的问题,即“有没有什么手段,能像太阳中微子带给我们核心区的信息那样,带给我们有关对流区深处及辐射区的信息呢？”让我们把时钟拨到1960 年。那一年,在意大利科摩湖畔的一座美丽小镇召开了一次天文学会议。在会上,来自美国威尔逊山天文台的天文学家莱顿作了一个学术报告。     

关于铁的势函数的研究

本文介绍了由Voter-Chan提出的嵌入式原子势模型(EAM),运用该原子势计算了单晶铁的弹性常数和在高压下的固固相变.模拟结果显示此EAM势描述铁的弹性常数与实验值有一定的偏离,但是却比较好的反映了铁在高压下的相变.此EAM势模型可以用来进一步研究铁在极端条件下的相变过程等,对相变的微观机制进行更细致深入的研究.     

表面修饰的钛酸钡纳米粉体的制备

采用水热法制备出表面包裹有硬脂酸的钛酸钡钠米粉体,并运用一系列手段对其微结构进行了表征。结果表明：产物粒径较小,粒度分布较窄,单分散性较好,其表面为非极性,同时表现出良好的流动性能。认为钛酸钡纳米粉体表面极性的改变是由于其表面包裹了一层硬脂酸,并且包裹层降低了粉体间的相互作用力,从而提高了粉体的流动性。     

永远的楷模 永远的怀念

虞福春教授耕耘物理学60余载，造诣超群，成绩卓著，贡献非凡。他为核磁共振谱学及其应用做出了奠基性的重大贡献，早已载入20世纪世界科技发展史册。他的教学科学研究实践遍及普通物理、原子核物理、原子与分子物理、物理实验、计算物理、电动力学、离子束物理及加速器射频技术等各个领域。     

Er0.1La0.9P5O14非晶的双光子上转换发光

本文研究了全浓度ＥｒＬａＰ５Ｏ１４非晶在波长λ为６４９．０ｎｍ脉冲染料激光激发下的上转换发光现象，并对其进行了简要的分析。     

Surface modification of poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) elastomer via photo-initiated graft polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)

Poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) (SEBS) copolymer biomedical elastomer was covalently grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) via a photo-initiated graft polymerization technique. The surface graft polymerization of SEBS with PEGMA was verified by ATR-FTIR and XPS. Effect of graft polymerization parameters, i.e., monomer concentration, UV irradiation time and initiator concentration on the grafting density was investigated. Comparing with the virgin SEBS film, the PEGMA-modified SEBS film presented an enhanced wettability and a larger surface energy. Besides, the surface grafting of PEGMA imparted excellent anti-platelet adhesion and anti-protein adsorption to the SEBS surface.     

Solvatochromism of Ternary Iron (II) Diimine Cyanide Complexes in 2-Ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl) 1,3-Propanediol (Trimethylol Propane)

The solvatochromic behaviour of bis-(2,2′-bipyridyl)-biscyanoiron (II) and 2,2′- bipyridyltetracyanoiron (II) in 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol has been established. The significance and sensitivities of the solvatochromic shifts of these charge-transfer bands are outlined for the two iron complexes above.     

Vibration Spectra of Coprecipitated Fe(III)-Ni(II) and Fe(III)-Cu(II) Hydroxides and of the Products of Their Thermolysis

A range of coprecipitated Fe(III)-Me(II) (Me(II) = Ni, Cu) hydroxides and of the products of their thermolysis have been investigated by the IR spectroscopy method. The basic absorption bands has been assigned, and the chemistry of the process of formation of coprecipitated hydroxides has been discussed from the standpoint of generation of heteronuclear hydrococomplexes.     

Tip-surface interactions at redox responsive poly(ferrocenylsilane) (PFS) interface by AFM-based force spectroscopy

Poly(ferrocenylsilanes) (PFS) belong to the class of redox responsive organometallic polymers. Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) was used earlier to study single chain PFS response and redox energy driven single chain PFS molecular motors. Here we present further AFM investigations of force interactions between tip and a grafted PFS surface under potential control in electrochemical redox cycles. Typical tip-Au interaction is considered as reference in the force measurements. First the electrostatic component in the diffused double layer (DL) in NaClO₄ electrolyte environment was considered for a “grafted to” PFS, which dominated the interplay between the tip and sample surface. The DL forces can also hinder the physisorption of PFS chain onto the tip when the voltage was applied at −0.1 V. On the other hand, if the tip contacted the PFS surface prior to the electrochemical process, physisorption of PFS chains governed the overall interaction regardless of subsequently applied surface potential. In addition, prolonged contact time, t_c, may also contribute to the stability of tip-PFS bridging and detection of electrostatic forces between the tip-PFS interface. The results showed that tip-substrate interaction forces without PFS grafts have negligibly small force contributions under similar, electrochemically controlled, conditions used in single PFS chain based molecular motors.     

Toughened Poly(Trimethylene Terephthalate) by Blending with a Functionalized Metallocenic Poly(Ethylene-Octene) Copolymer

New toughened poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) materials were obtained by melt blending with maleic anhydride grafted poly(ethylene-octene) (POEg). Rheological properties, mechanical properties, and morphological characteristics of PTT/POEg blends at four different compositions—95/5, 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30—were studied. The melt viscosity of the blends shows a linear decrease on increasing the POEg content. The addition of rubbery POEg to the PTT matrix increases the impact strength, while tensile properties decrease. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) displayed a very good dispersion of POEg particles in the PTT matrix. Differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) experiments showed that for all samples the melting point was almost constant and the crystallinity did not show obvious differences. SEM results showed shear yielding of the PTT matrix was the major toughening mechanism.     

Nonlinear refractive index measurement of tris(acetylacetonato) manganese(III) solution

We present the results from investigations of the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient of tris(acetylacetonato)manganese(III) solution, using Z-scan technique with a low-power continuous-wave laser at 514 nm. We demonstrate that the light-induced nonlinear refractive index variation leads to strong self-focusing and self-defocusing. A pump and probe technique was used to investigate the cause of nonlinearity. Furthermore, the nonlinear absorption effect was utilized to demonstrate all optical switching.     

Compaction of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) due to proton beam irradiation

This work is about the detailed investigation of the changes of the surface topography, the degree of compaction/shrinkage and its relation to the irradiation fluence and the structure spacing in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) patterned with 2 MeV proton microbeam. The irradiated periodic structures consisted of parallel lines with different widths and spacing. To achieve different degrees of compaction, each structure was irradiated with more different fluences. At the irradiated areas the surface topography, the adhesion, the wettability and the rigidity of the surface also changes due to the chemical/structural change of the basic poly(dimethylsiloxane) polymer. The surface topography, the phase modification of the surface, and the connection between them was revealed with using an atomic force microscope (AFM).     

Optical study of Ba(Mn_xTi_(1-x)O_3) thin films by spectroscopic ellipsometry

Stoichiometric Ba(Mn_xTi_(1-x)O_3) (BMT)thin films with various values of x were deposited on Si(111)substrates by the sol-gel technique.The influence of Mn content on the optical properties was studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry(SE)in the UV–Vis–NIR region.By fitting the measured ellipsometric parameter(Ψand)with a four-phase model(air/BMT+voids/BMT/Si(111)),the key optical constants of the thin films have been obtained.It was found that the refractive index n and the extinction coefficient k increase with increasing Mn content due to the increase in the packing density.Furthermore,a strong dependence of the optical band gap Egon Mn/Ti ratios in the deposited films was observed,and it was inferred that the energy level of conduction bands decreases with increasing Mn content.     

三螺旋DNA分子poly(dT)·poly(dA)·poly(dT)的构型和振动谱

我们计算了ｐｏｌｙ（ｄＴ）·ｐｏｌｙ（ｄＡ）·ｐｏｌｙ（ｄＴ）的Ｈｏｗａｒｄ模型的原子笛卡尔坐标，并利用晶格动力学方法对模型进行了简正分析。结果发现其０ Ｐ ０对称振动模式位于８０４ｃｍ－１，这和８１０ｃｍ－１附近没有拉曼和红外谱线的实验结果不符。在８００～１０００ｃｍ－１的范围内只有四个振动模式，明显少于拉曼和红外光谱在该范围内的谱线数目。所以我们认为Ｈｏｗａｒｄ模型需要进一步地完善和修正，ｐｏｌｙ（ｄＴ）·ｐｏｌｙ（ｄＡ）·ｐｏｌｙ（ｄＴ）必须具有三条不完全一致的脊骨