A2B模型的受迫振动模式研究的注记

讨论了A2B模型的受迫振动模式研究中的一些问题.     

A_2B模型的受迫振动模式的补充讨论

给出了A2B模型受迫振动的两个共振解,讨论了共振频率下的振动模式.     

A2B模型阻尼受迫振动方程组的通解

导出了A2B模型阻尼受迫振动方程组的通解,并讨论其算例和图像.     

共振演示实验的改进

高一物理(甲种本)机械振动和机械波一章中关于共振的演示实验是这样的:如图所示,在一根张紧的绳子上挂上几个单摆,其中A、B、G的摆长相等。当A摆振动时,A的振动通过张紧的绳给其余各摆施加周期性的策动力,其余各摆就做受迫振动。     

用功能原理讨论稳定受迫振动

(一)前言 在通用的力学教材中,讨论在简谐强迫力作用下阻尼谐振子受迫振动时,从受力分析得到运动微分方程其中 　为固有圆频率 为介质的阻尼因数,γ是介质的阻力系数 为强迫力幅值F与振子质量m之比。 由(1)式得稳定受迫振动的规律为 为要定出稳定受迫振动的振幅A以及与强迫力的位相差θ,是将(2)式代回(1)式用比较系数法求得的。并通过比较tgθ和cosθ的表达式知,两者总是反号而得出θ为第三、四象限的角度,由此才确定受迫振动的位相总是落后于强迫力,落后的相角为0到π。 上述确定A和θ的方法无疑是正确的。但是,由于在全部讨论过程中,没…     

阻尼作用下悬绳受迫振动的研究

通过模型的建立及求解，对阻尼作用下悬绳的受迫振动进行了研究和讨论。     

简易共振实验演示仪

分析了教材中受迫振动和共振2个演示实验的缺点，自制了简易共振演示装置．使用该实验装置可测量固有频率，演示受迫振动及共振频率和固有频率的关系．     

超导体MgB2的晶核形成及生长过程研究

根据镁和硼的基本化学性质、杂化轨道理论、前线轨道理论和粉末反应理论,分析了粉末反应中MgB2晶核的形成及生长过程.这一过程可分为三步完成：1.两种粉粒碰撞接触后,做反相微幅受迫振动,这种振动产生晶核的形成及生长区;2.两个硼原子相遇,价轨道经sp2杂化后形成B2,镁原子的两个3s价电子填入B2的π轨道形成π键,生成Mg...     

A2B模型的阻尼振动

借助数学软件MATLAB,求出了A2B模型阻尼振动的解析解,并讨论其算例的振动图像.     

受迫振动

前言为了帮助学生形象地了解受迫振动,我们设计制造了这个受迫振动仪。它能演示共振现象,诸如共振时位移落后强迫力π/2,共振时强迫力对振子作正功等各种现象;也能通过测量作共振曲线。整个实验过程直观,能达到形象化教学的目的。仪器简述受迫振动仪是由弹簧振子和简谐振动发生器配合在一起构成的,如图1所示。AE是一     

几种超弹性多次碰撞的讨论

本文分析了几种超弹性碰撞多次连续碰撞的过程，以期对照弹性碰撞的进一步理解．实现这些物理过程对物理教学是相当有趣的．     

Coupling Between Spin and Gravitational Field and Equation of Motion of Spin

In general relativity, the equation of motion of the spin is given by the equation of parallel transport, which is a result of the space-time geometry. Any result of the space-time geometry cannot be directly applied to gauge theory of gravity. In gauge theory of gravity, based on the viewpoint of the coupling between the spin and gravitational field,an equation of motion of the spin is deduced. In the post Newtonian approximation, it is proved that this equation gives the same result as that of the equation of parallel transport. So, in the post Newtonian approximation, gauge theory of gravity gives out the same prediction on the precession of orbiting gyroscope as that of general relativity.     

稀土发光和光谱理论的研究进展

简述了近20多年以来我们在稀土发光和光谱理论方面所做的主要工作、取得的进展和成果。包括:(1)关于(4f)^N组态内单光子跃迁强度:推广Judd-Ofelt三参量公式,在其中计入"J混合"(偶宇称晶场成分造成的)导致的修正;澄清了国际上关于Judd-Ofelt全参量公式中"静力学项"和"动力学项"相对正负号的争论(仍为负号)。(2)关于(4f)^N组态内双光子过程强度:提出直接计算强度方法(放弃缔合近似,利用Ce³⁺的5d和左邻RE³⁺的(4f)^N能级-波函资料,近似模拟出最重要的虚中间组态(4f)^N-15d的能级-波函结构)来讨论和改进Judd-Ofelt缔合近似。(3)固体中声子辅助的稀土离子间能量传输理论:发现HLO理论关于单声子过程中的"干涉相消"实际只适合于对角过程,而非对角过程则是"干涉相加",因而,后者首要的是单声子而非双声子过程;同时,用"晶体格波模"取代"Debye模"描述能量传输中的声子,给出了新模型下计算对角和非对角过程速率等物理量的整套公式。并由之看出:波矢q=0和对应色散曲线扁平段的光学声子对单声子非对角过程速率有完全不能忽略的贡献,这些都不同于或超出于HLO理论。(4)提出和发展了分析指认4f-5d跃迁光谱的简单理论模型,用能量和跃迁强度同时进行近似拟合,成功地分析指认了从(4f)³到(4f)¹³离子在几种基质中的4f→5d吸收(激发)谱,也成功用于若干5d→4f辐射谱。(5)对跃迁的初末晶场态同时引用有效自旋哈密顿描述稀土离子间超交换作用,成功地解释了低温10 K时立方结构的纯稀土冰晶石晶体Cs₂NaLnCl₆(Ln=Er,Yb)等的吸收谱中0声子线(量级为几个cm^-1)的精细分裂。     

迈克尔逊干涉仪实验中的三个问题

本文对在大学物理实验迈克尔逊干涉仪调节和使用题目中被教师忽略却常被学生提出的三个问题进行了细致分析和讨论，并给出了解决建议。     

对质点系角动量定理的讨论

对理论力学教材中角动量定理的各种不同表达式进行了归纳、比较、讨论、明确了它们之间的区别、联系及其适用条件。     

The Antikythera mechanism and the mechanical universe

Astronomers have two approaches to trying to determine the age of the Universe. They can estimate the ages of individual objects in the Universe and specifically in our Galaxy. These estimates use either the observed properties of stars and theoretical ideas concerning stellar evolution or the abundances of long-lived radioactive isotopes and their decay products. Alternatively they can use cosmological theories and observations to try to determine the age of the entire Universe. Obviously the Universe must be older than its component parts but neither of the above methods is sufficiently reliable that this is true of the deduced ages. As a result, it is from time to time reported that some object in the Universe is older than the Universe itself. In this article we discuss the methods that are currently being used to determine the age and we emphasize the problems in obtaining reliable results. It is not at present possible to provide a definite value for the age of the Universe.     

Luminescence of silver chloride microcrystals upon photoexcitation by different methods

The luminescence spectra of AgCl microcrystals were measured in two different regimes: in the regime of excitation of stationary luminescence and in the regime of photostimulated burst of luminescence. Differences between the spectra of stationary luminescence and the spectra of photostimulated-luminescence burst in the range between 430 and 590 nm have been found. The luminescence spectra are complex; the ratio of intensities for elementary components changes with the technique of excitation. Differences in the form and composition of complex luminescence bands obtained under different conditions of registration are attributed to the recombination interaction of the luminescence centers. It is shown that analysis of the dependences of intensity ratios for the elementary components of a complex luminescence band on the exciting-radiation intensity allows one to evaluate the mechanism of recombination in elementary bands provided that the mechanism is known for at least one luminescence band.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 1, pp. 85–89. January–February, 2005.     

First approximation to the Hugoniot equation of state of the lanthanides

Summary The semi-empirical Hugoniot equation of state is obtained by using the third-order tangency between the isentropic and the Hugoniot curves at the origin of coordinates. The results of this model are in good agreement with Carter’s experimental data for fourteen elements from the lanthanides series in the lower phase only. Due to postal troubles with Lebanon, it was impossible to send proffs to the author as he requested.     

正态分布随机数发生器及其在模拟光传输软件中的应用

 利用计算机高级语言提供的伪随机数发生器,通过“高斯筛选”和“求平均值”两种方法,开发出满足正态分布的随机数发生器。将其应用于分析大型激光装置光路稳定性的模拟软件中,成功地完成了对“神光Ⅲ原型装置四程放大器”的光路稳定性分析。     

氮肥施用量和形态对玉米苗期叶绿素含量的影响

氮肥的施用量和形态对植物的影响很大。实验借助于一种新型光谱仪SPAD-502叶绿素仪,研究了不同氮肥水平和氮肥形态对苗期玉米叶片叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明,每公顷施用0,100和200 kgN时,SPAD值在43.3～43.7之间,差异不显著;每公顷施用400 kgN时最后一片展开叶的叶绿素含量显著高于对照和每公顷施用100和200 kgN的处理,估计可能与肥料中其他成分有关,但原因尚需进一步研究。通过不同形态氮肥试验,表明氨态氮处理的叶片叶绿素含量显著高于硝态氮处理,可能的原因是: (1)氨态氮易于吸收,施用初期效果快;(2)氨态氮中微量元素比较高。