Soliton squeezing in microstructure fiber

We demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, the generation of squeezed light by means of soliton self-phase modulation in microstructure fiber. We observe and characterize the formation of solitons in the microstructure fiber at 1550 nm. A maximum squeezing of 2.7 dB is observed, corresponding to 4.0 dB after correcting for detection losses. The dependence of this quantum-noise reduction on various system parameters is studied in detail. Features of the microstructure fiber can be exploited for generation of low-energy continuous-variable entangled pulses for use in all-fiber teleportation experiments.     

Compact, synchronously diode-pumped tunable fiber Raman source of subpicosecond solitons around 1.6 microm

A compact and simple all-fiber subpicosecond soliton source is demonstrated that employs synchronous Raman amplification in dispersion-shifted fiber from a gain-switched 1536-nm laser diode pump. Tuning between 1620 and 1660 nm is obtained by electronic variation of the gain-switching frequency around 54.47 MHz, and solitons as short as 400 fs are achieved. This configuration could form the basis of cheap, compact, and tunable femtosecond-pulse sources.     

应用相位调制驻波光场制备囚禁离子的暗压缩态

基于囚禁离子与驻波激光场相互作用,应用驻波光场的相位调制的方法,我们提出了一种制备离子振动压缩态的新方法.研究了压缩振幅与调制振幅的关系.我们发现:适当选择调制振幅,可把离子制备在最佳压缩振动态上,并且它们的产生伴随着自发辐射的相消.提出了一种实验构想,并进行了讨论.     

Sequential generation of self-starting diverse operations in all-fiber laser based on thulium-doped fiber saturable absorber

Self-starting Q-switching, Q-switched mode-locking and mode-locking operation modes are achieved sequentially in an all-fiber erbium-doped fiber laser with thulium-doped fiber saturable absorber for the first time. The central wavelengths of Q-switching, Q-switched mode-locking and mode-locking operation modes are 1569.7 nm, 1570.9 nm, and 1572 nm, respectively. The mode-locking operation of the proposed fiber laser generates stable dark soliton with a repetition rate of 0.99 MHz and signal-to-noise ratio of 65 dB. The results validate the capability of generating soliton pulse by doped fiber saturable absorber. Furthermore, the proposed fiber laser is beneficial to the applications of optical communication and signal processing system.     

On the Nonlinear Excitation in Self Gravitating Quantum Dusty Plasma

Nonlinear excitation in self gravitating quantum dusty plasma is analysed from the viewpoint of perturbation theory. A plasma configuration consisting of electron, ion and dust particles are treated by reductive perturbation theory, to deduce two coupled modified KdV equations. The soliton like solutions of such coupled systems are obtained with the help of another multiple scale perturbation theory. This leads to the variation of soliton amplitude and velocity due to the several interaction terms.     

Bidirectional passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser with a four-port circulator

We present an all-fiber bidirectional passively mode-locked soliton laser with what we believe is a novel cavity configuration. Using a four-port circulator, we incorporate two different semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) into the laser cavity, which enables bidirectional mode locking. The laser allows the generation of two independent countercirculating mode-locked pulse trains, each with an individual fundamental repetition rate that can be adjusted by varying the SESAM pigtail length. Two countercirculating pulse trains with repetition rates of 21.3 and 15.2 MHz are obtained simultaneously. By controlling the intracavity loss imposed on these two pulse trains, either one of the two pulse trains can be switched on or off. The bidirectional operation with other repetition rates is also demonstrated.     

EFFECTS OF THE SOLITON CONFIGURATION ON THE LOCALIZED MODES IN POLYACETYLENE

The exact static configuration of the soliton in polyacetylene is determined through the self-consistent iterations and the localized modes around the soliton are numerically caiculated. They are compared with the results that the static configuration of the soliton is assumed to be the kink u₀tanh(n/L). The comparison shows that the self-consistent configuration improves the Goldstone mode by getting the positive-definite vibrational matrix, whereas the other localized modes change their frequencies only less than 0.03%. It confirms that the five localized modes around the soliton do exist in polyacetylene.     

Matching group velocity of bright and/or dark solitons via double-dark resonances

We propose a scheme which can generate group velocity matching bright and/or dark solitons in a four-level tripod configuration atomic system via double-dark resonances. It is shown that the linear absorption properties can be controlled by the controlling fields. For the nonlinear case, the optical soliton can form in the first and second electromagnetically induced transparency windows and their group velocities can be matched under the condition of equal half Rabi frequencies of the two controlling fields. We also show that adjusting the amplitude and group velocity of the soliton as well as the bright and dark solitons conversion can be realized.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.     

Improvement of the fiber raman soliton laser for femtosecond optical pulse generation

Femtosecond optical pulses generated from a synchronously pumped fiber Raman soliton laser (FRASL) have been shown to have large excess noise and high background light (i.e., the pedestal) levels. In this paper, to improve the FRASL, the operation characteristics of the FRASL are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that real femtosecond soliton oscillation in the FRASL can be obtained only when the soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) effect in the fibers is suppressed and proper choices of both the Stokes oscillation wavelength and the pump power level are required for the SSFS suppression in the FRASL. By using a tunable all-fiber Raman ring laser, optical pulses as short as 400 fs with a low white AM noise level of -120 dBc / Hz have been generated from the compact FRASL with SSFS suppression. Based on the theoretical analyses, we propose to use an intracavity saturable absorber to prevent the generation of high-level Stokes background light in the FRASL, and the feasibility of this method is shown by numerical simulations.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.     

Interaction of a nonlinear spin-wave and magnetic soliton in a uniaxial anisotropic ferromagnet

We study the interaction of a nonlinear spin-wave and magnetic soliton in a uniaxial anisotropic ferromagnet. By means of a reasonable assumption and a straightforward Darboux transformation one- and two-soliton solutions in a nonlinear spin-wave background are obtained analytically, and their properties are discussed in detail. On the background of a nonlinear spin-wave the amplitude of the envelope soliton has the spatial and temporal period, and soliton can be trapped only in space. The amplitude and wave number of spin-wave have the different contribution to the width, velocity, and amplitude of soliton solutions. The envelope of solution hold the shape of soliton, and the amplitude of each envelope soliton keeps invariability before and after collision which shows the elastic collision of two envelope soliton on the background of a nonlinear spin-wave.     

Ytterbium gain band self-induced modulation instability laser

We demonstrate an ytterbium gain band self-induced modulation instability laser. A highly nonlinear holey fiber is used to provide the anomalous dispersion required for bright soliton generation at 1 microm. The all-fiber integrated source yields a 40 GHz train of 4 ps pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm.     

深光晶格势阱中凝聚体的扭结包络隙孤子

发展准离散多尺度法结合紧束缚近似,解析地研究了局陷于光晶格势阱中凝聚体的非线性动力学性质.结果发现,系统中出现稳定的对称包络孤子外,还可观察到一种新的非线性元激发:扭结包络隙孤子.有趣的是,该隙孤子并不传播且局域在初始位置,其幅度可通过光晶格势阱的晶格常数和势阱深度来调控.相应的实验方案是:通过改变形成光晶格势阱的两交叉耦合激光束之间的夹角和(或)激光光强来调控扭结包络隙孤子的幅度.     

非局域高次非线性介质中的多极暗孤子

研究一维非局域三-五次非线性模型下,暗孤子和多极暗孤子的新解和传输特性.发现非局域程度和非线性参量变化对暗孤子的峰值和束宽产生影响,并且在特定的竞争非局域非线性参数下存在稳定基态暗孤子和多极暗孤子的束缚态.另外,讨论了在局域自聚焦三次和非局域自散焦五次非线性介质中暗孤子和两极暗孤子的传输特性,发现孤子比在自散焦三次和自聚焦五次的非线性介质中传输更加稳定.进一步研究了单暗孤子和三极暗孤子的功率与传播常数和非局域程度的关系,并讨论了不同类型暗孤子的线性稳定性问题.     

真空场注入非对称五态叠加多模泛函叠加态的高次振幅压缩

构造了由多模真空态、多模泛函相干态、多模泛函相干态的相反态、多模复共轭泛函相干态和多模复共轭泛函相干态的相反态这五个宏观上完全可分辩的量子态线性叠加所构成的强度不等的非对称五态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场|Ψ(5)vas〉q.利用多模压缩态理论,首次研究了态|Ψ(5)vas〉q的广义非线性等幂奇数次高次振幅压缩特性.结果发现:在一定的条件下,态|Ψ(5)vas〉q可呈现任意次的广义非线性等幂次高次振幅压缩效应,其压缩程度、压缩深度和压缩幅度与压缩次数、腔模总数、态间叠加几率幅、各模光场的经典强度以及经典初始相位的空间分布函数等强烈地非线性相关联;特别是,在特定条件下,真空场的注入可以提高压缩程度.     

全光纤光反馈环形腔结构多路激光被动相干合成

提出了基于全光纤光反馈环形腔结构的多路光纤激光相干合成方案,实现了多路激光的被动相干合成。全光纤结构避免了传统孔径拼接输出结构的旁斑能量耗散问题,保证了合成光束的光束质量。开展了实验研究,实现了4路光纤激光的相干锁相输出,获得时域、空域特性均十分稳定的合成光束,合成效率为96.1%,取得较好的合成效果。     

Effects of positron density and temperature on ion acoustic dressed solitons in an electron–positron–ion plasma

Ion acoustic dressed solitons in a three component plasma consisting of cold ions, hot electrons and positrons are studied. Using reductive perturbation method, Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation and a linear inhomogeneous equation, governing respectively the evolution of first and second order potentials are derived for the system. Renormalization procedure of Kodama and Taniuti is used to obtain nonsecular solutions of these coupled equations. It is found that electron–positron–ion plasma system supports only compressive solitons. For a given amplitude of soliton on increasing the positron concentration, velocity of the KdV as well as dressed soliton increases. For any arbitrary values of soliton's amplitude and positron concentration, velocity of the dressed soliton is found to be larger than that of the KdV soliton. For small amplitude of solitons, the width of KdV as well as dressed soliton decreases as positron concentration increases and width of dressed soliton is found to be larger than that of the KdV soliton. However, for a large value of soliton's amplitude as concentration of positrons increases, instead of decreasing width of dressed soliton starts to increase.     

Drift ion acoustic solitons in an inhomogeneous 2-D quantum magnetoplasma

Linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics of quantum drift ion acoustic waves are investigated in an inhomogeneous two-dimensional plasma employing the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model. In this regard, the dispersion relation of the drift ion acoustic waves is derived and limiting cases are discussed. In order to study the drift ion acoustic solitons, nonlinear quantum Kadomstev-Petviashvilli (KP) equation in an inhomogeneous quantum plasma is derived using the drift approximation. The solution of quantum KP equation using the tangent hyperbolic (tanh) method is also presented. The variation of the soliton with the quantum Bohm potential, the ratio of drift to soliton velocity in the co-moving frame, , and the increasing magnetic field are also investigated. It is found that the increasing number density decreases the amplitude of the soliton. It is also shown that the fast drift soliton (i.e., v_*>u) decreases whereas the slow drift soliton (i.e., v_*<u) increases the amplitude of the soliton. Finally, it is shown that the increasing magnetic field increases the amplitude of the quantum drift ion acoustic soliton. The stability of the quantum KP equation is also investigated. The relevance of the present investigation in dense astrophysical environments is also pointed out.     

Arbitrary magnetosonic solitary waves in spin 1/2 degenerate quantum plasma

Linear and nonlinear compressional magnetosonic waves are studied in magnetized degenerate spin-1/2 Fermi plasmas. Starting from the basic equations of a quantum magnetoplasma we develop the system of quantum magnetohydrodynamic (QMHD) equations. Spin effects are incorporated via spin force and macroscopic spin magnetization current. Sagdeev potential approach is employed to derive the nonlinear energy integral equation which admits the rarefactive solitary structure in the subAlfvenic region. The quantum diffraction due to Bohm potential does not affect the amplitude of soliton but has a direct effect on its width. The width of soliton is broadened with the increase in the quantization of the system due to quantum diffraction. However, the nonlinear wave amplitude is reduced with the increase in the value of magnetization energy due to electron spin-1/2 effects. The degeneracy effect due to quantum plasma beta enhances the amplitude of magnetosonic soliton. The importance of the work relevant to compact astrophysical bodies is pointed out.