应用频率调制激光制备二离子暗EPR态

提出了制备势阱中的两离子EPR态的一种方法. 这种方法是基于频率调制的行波光场与囚禁离子的相互作用.这种方法的一个突出优点是所制备的量子态为“暗态”,即自发辐射相消的量子态。另外,讨论了二模压缩运动态（两离子质心模式和呼吸模式）的制备.     

压缩相干态腔场的类自旋GHZ态的制备

压缩相干态是准粒子空间的相干态,研究大振幅情况下的单模压缩相干态腔场,其特性类似于大振幅下的单模相干态腔场,与自旋1/2的两态粒子同构.文中提出一种方案,利用大失谐的JaynesCummings模型来制备处于压缩相干态的三个腔场的类自旋GreenbergerHorneZeilinger(GHZ)态. 关键词： 压缩相干态 类自旋GHZ态 大失谐JaynesCumminys模型 同构     

非线性囚禁离子模型中振幅平方压缩效应

本文从非线性Jaynes-Cummings模型出发,研究了受驻波场驱动的离子的质心运动振幅平方压缩效应.结果表明,非线性参数η对压缩效应有明显的影响.随着参数η的增大,离子处于压缩态的时间增长,压缩程度加深,但当η越过某一临界值时,离子最大压缩量减小,压缩时间相对变短;另外,驻波场的相位也对压缩效应有明显的影响.     

非线性囚禁离子模型中振幅平方压缩效应

本文从非线性Jaynes-Cummings模型出发, 研究了受驻波场驱动的离子的质心运动振幅平方压缩效应.结果表明, 非线性参数η对压缩效应有明显的影响. 随着参数η的增大, 离子处于压缩态的时间增长, 压缩程度加深, 但当η越过某一临界值时, 离子最大压缩量减小, 压缩时间相对变短;另外, 驻波场的相位也对压缩效应有明显的影响.     

在离子阱中应用Raman激发制备离子振动Fock态

基于囚禁离子与驻波激光场相互作用的Jaynes-Cummings模型,应用Raman激发,我们提出了一种制备离子振动Fock态的新方法.适当选择相互作用时间和Trapping条件,可把离子制备在所需的振动Fock态上.     

一种双模压缩微波制备的相位锁定方案

相位锁定是双模压缩微波制备的关键问题之一.针对基于超导180°混合环的制备方案相位稳定度不高且信息处理复杂等问题,提出一种相位锁定方案.对约瑟夫森参量放大器的信号输入进行相位调制,输出的单模压缩微波与另一未调制的同频单模压缩微波在超导180°混合环内干涉,实现双模压缩微波的制备与路径分离.将未调制的单模压缩微波与一路双模压缩微波混频,解调出相位调制信号可得到两路单模压缩微波的相对相位及误差,将相位误差反馈于约瑟夫森参量放大器的抽运实现相对相位的锁定,获得稳定的双模压缩输出.本研究对高性能纠缠微波源的设计提供了理论参考.     

非均匀螺旋相位调制下对称破缺角向偏振光束的聚焦特性

提出了一种多参量调控角向偏振光束焦场强度和横向能流的方法.基于矢量衍射积分理论,数值模拟了非均匀螺旋相位和旋转对称振幅挡板调制下角向偏振光束的聚焦特性,讨论了螺旋相位结构和对称振幅挡板联合调制下,角向偏振光束焦场横向能流和偏振态的分布.结果表明:非均匀螺旋相位的引入改变了光场的聚焦特性,导致聚焦场重心产生了偏移;在偶数重旋转对称振幅挡板的联合调制下,焦场中出现了局部的椭圆偏振态和圆偏振态,且焦平面上出现了横向能流;通过调节螺旋相位,不仅可以实现焦场重心的特殊控制,还能进一步丰富焦场偏振态和横向能流分布.这种基于多参量调控焦场强度和能流分布的方法为实现操控特定区域的粒子提供了新的思路.     

一个囚禁离子运动压缩数态的制备

本文提出一个方案以制备一个被囚禁在谐势阱中的离子质心运动的压缩数态。在本方案中，这个离子受到两个分别调到第一高、低振动边带的激光场和一个与离子共振的激光场的轮流激发。系统最后被制备到运动压缩数态与电子基态的直积。     

有限维q非谐振子广义相干态振幅N次方压缩

利用Zhang等人提出的单模辐射场的振幅N次方压缩理论,研究了有限维希尔伯特空间中单参数q变形非简谐振子广义相干态的振幅N次方压缩效应.结果发现:该量子光场的确存在场的振幅N次方压缩效应,其压缩条件分别与相位角Φ、维度参数s、压缩幂次N、平均光子数的方根r和变形参数q相关;这一结果与无限维希尔伯特空间单参数q变形广义相干态的情形截然不同.     

压缩态光场平衡零拍探测的位相锁定

平衡零拍探测是测量量子光场的重要方法之一. 通过对相位灵敏光学参量放大器注入的信号进行位相调制, 然后利用平衡零拍探测系统测量光学参量放大器输出的压缩光. 将相位灵敏光学参量分别运转在参量放大和参量缩小, 通过观察噪声谱中的调制信号就可确定测量的量子光场是正交振幅或位相分量. 通过解调位相调制信号可获得误差信号, 实现锁定平衡零拍探测系统本底光与待测光场相对位相为零(对应于待测光场振幅噪声分量). 关键词： 平衡零拍探测 位相锁定     

An experiment for the study of the Gouy effect for the squeezed vacuum

An experiment is proposed for the study of the Gouy effect associated with the wave function for the squeezed vacuum state of light. The proposed experiment relies on the connection between the phase of the wave function and the phase of an appropriately defined field amplitude.     

Preparation of Squeezed State and Entanglement State Between VibrationalMotion of Trapped Ion and Light

Several schemes have been proposed to prepare two-mode squeezed state and entanglement state between motional states of a single trapped ion and light. Preparation of two-mode squeezed state is based on interaction of a trapped ion located in light cavity with cavity field. Preparation of entanglement state is based on interaction of a trapped ion located in light cavity with cavity field and a traveling wave light field.     

Control of the vibrational dynamics of an atom in a parabolic potential of a trap with the help of a classical electromagnetic field

The model proposed by Blockley, Walls, and Risken for describing the interaction of the center of mass coordinate of an atom captured in a parabolic trap with an electron transition is generalized. This interaction occurs when the atom oscillates in the neighborhood of a node of a classical standing wave resonant with the first vibrational band of the intra-atomic transition. Two methods of controlling the vibrations are considered. In the first method, an exciting one-mode field resonant with the intra-atomic transition transforms the vibrational mode to a coherent state. In the second method, the electron transition is influenced by a two-mode field exciting the vibrational mode to a state squeezed with respect to the coordinate and, under a certain choice of the phase, with respect to the momentum. The transition to the squeezed state is possible if the control field is switched on slowly. The rate at which it is switched on is evaluated depending on the parameters of the problem.     

囚禁离子非线性J-C模型量子态保真度

用全量子理论研究驻波激光场与囚禁离子相互作用系统中量子态保真度,详细讨论离子质心在驻波激光场中位置及离子初始状态对保真度的影响.结果表明:随着囚禁离子从远离驻波激光场波节处向波节处移动,量子态保真度振荡频率越来越高,振荡幅度几乎不变,且保真度到达第一个极小值所用时间越来越短,但不会出现信息完全失真;随着囚禁离子处于基态概率增加,量子态保真度振荡频率几乎不变,振荡幅度越来越小,也不会出现信息完全失真;在信息储存或传递过程中,囚禁离子量子态失真比系统和驻波场量子态失真小.     

Nonlinear Spherical Standing Waves in an Acoustically Excited Liquid Drop

Nonlinear evolution of a standing acoustic wave in a spherical resonator with a perfectly soft surface is analyzed. Quadratic approximation of nonlinear acoustics is used to analyze oscillations in the resonator by the slowly varying amplitude method for the standing wave harmonics and slowly varying profile method for the standing wave profile. It is demonstrated that nonlinear effects may lead to considerable increase in peak pressure at the center of the resonator. The proposed theoretical model is used to analyze the acoustic field in liquid drops of an acoustic fountain. It is shown that, as a result of nonlinear evolution, the peak negative pressure may exceed the mechanical strength of the liquid, which may account for the explosive instability of drops observed in experiments.     

Electrohydrodynamic wave-packet collapse and soliton instability for dielectric fluids in (2 + 1)-dimensions

A weakly nonlinear theory of wave propagation in two superposed dielectric fluids in the presence of a horizontal electric field is investigated using the multiple scales method in (2 + 1)-dimensions. The equation governing the evolution of the amplitude of the progressive waves is obtained in the form of a two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We convert this equation for the evolution of wave packets in (2 + 1)-dimensions, using the function transformation method, into an exponentional and a Sinh-Gordon equation, and obtain classes of soliton solutions for both the elliptic and hyperbolic cases. The phenomenon of nonlinear focusing or collapse is also studied. We show that the collapse is direction-dependent, and is more pronounced at critical wavenumbers, and dielectric constant ratio as well as the density ratio. The applied electric field was found to enhance the collapsing for critical values of these parameters. The modulational instability for the corresponding one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation is discussed for both the travelling and standing waves cases. It is shown, for travelling waves, that the governing evolution equation admits solitary wave solutions with variable wave amplitude and speed. For the standing wave, it is found that the evolution equation for the temporal and spatial modulation of the amplitude and phase of wave propagation can be used to show that the monochromatic waves are stable, and to determine the amplitude dependence of the cutoff frequencies.Received: 23 November 2003, Published online: 15 March 2004PACS: 47.20.-k Hydrodynamic stability - 52.35.Sb Solitons; BGK modes - 42.65.Jx Beam trapping, self-focusing and defocusing; self-phase modulation - 47.65. + a Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamicsM.F. El-Sayed: Permanent address: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt     

用频谱分析法测量声光驻波调制器的调制度

从调制的基本概念出发，指出声光驻波调制器件为宽带频率调制型。讨论了调制度概念的成立条件和适用范围。理论上求出其成立条件为ｖ＜０．９（ｖ＝２πＬ△ｕ／λ为衍射光强Ｉ（θ，ｔ）中的自变量）。鉴于一般驻波型声光器件都是含有一定的行波成份，但行波声场和驻波声场在拉曼－奈斯衍射范围内衍射角均遵从ｓｉｎθｍｉ＝土ｍλ／，故两者在空间上是无法分开的。文中给出了从频域上测量调制度Ｍ的一种新方法。并给出了零级和一般衍射光的测量值。     

Reconstruction of the first-derivative EPR spectrum from multiple harmonics of the field-modulated continuous wave signal

Selection of the amplitude of magnetic field modulation for continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) often is a trade-off between sensitivity and resolution. Increasing the modulation amplitude improves the signal-to-noise ratio, S/N, at the expense of broadening the signal. Combining information from multiple harmonics of the field-modulated signal is proposed as a method to obtain the first derivative spectrum with minimal broadening and improved signal-to-noise. The harmonics are obtained by digital phase-sensitive detection of the signal at the modulation frequency and its integer multiples. Reconstruction of the first-derivative EPR line is done in the Fourier conjugate domain where each harmonic can be represented as the product of the Fourier transform of the 1st derivative signal with an analytical function. The analytical function for each harmonic can be viewed as a filter. The Fourier transform of the 1st derivative spectrum can be calculated from all available harmonics by solving an optimization problem with the goal of maximizing the S/N. Inverse Fourier transformation of the result produces the 1st derivative EPR line in the magnetic field domain. The use of modulation amplitude greater than linewidth improves the S/N, but does not broaden the reconstructed spectrum. The method works for an arbitrary EPR line shape, but is limited to the case when magnetization instantaneously follows the modulation field, which is known as the adiabatic approximation.     

Matlab GUI在驻波法测声速实验中的应用

结合教学实际,利用Matlab GUI编写了三个程序,分别用来模拟理想驻波的形成、对比合成声场振幅与声压振幅、模拟驻波法测声速。直观形象的演示,既有助于学生理解实验原理,又可以激发他们的学习兴趣。     

Higher-order squeezing of quantum field and higher-order uncertainty relations in non-degenerate four-wave mixing

It is found that the field of the combined mode of the probe wave and the phase conjugate wave in the process of non-degenerate four-wave mixing exhibits higher-order squeezing to all even orders. The higher-order squeezed parameter and squeezed limit due to the modulation frequency are investigated. The smaller the modulation frequency is, the stronger the degree of higher-order squeezing becomes. Furthermore, the higher-order uncertainty relations in the process of non-degenerate four-wave mixing are presented for the first time. The product of higher-order noise moments is related to even order number N and the length L of the medium.