现场拉曼光谱研究非水体系中铂电极上甲醇的解离吸附

本文在共焦显微拉曼系统上 ,利用表面增强拉曼散射效应 ( SERS)初步研究了非水体系中甲醇在粗糙铂电极上的解离吸附过程。结果表明 :甲醇在粗糙铂电极上解离吸附后产生了毒性中间物 CO,在较负的电位区间内 ,H与 CO共吸附于电极表面并影响 CO的吸附行为 ,随电位的正移 ,υPt- C和 υC- O的变化可以用电化学 Stark效应来进行解释。     

表面合金电催化剂上甲酸氧化的原位FTIR反射光谱研究

运用原位红外反射光谱(FTIRS)和电化学循环伏安法(CV)研究了甲酸在三种不同电极上的电催化特性。结果表明甲酸在碳载铂电极(Pt/GC)上的电催化氧化机理与本体铂电极(Pt)相类似,即可以通过活性中间体或毒性中间体氧化至CO_2。Pt/GC对甲酸的氧化比Pt具有更高的电催化活性。Pt/GC表面以Sb吸附原子修饰的电极(Sb-Pt/GC)上,甲酸氧化的起始电位(E;)提前至-0.10V,氧化电流峰电位(Ep)提前至0.34V,氧化峰电流(jp)值增加了7.28倍,半峰宽(FWHM)为0.30V。同样,Surface al-loy/GC电极上,E_I为-0.12V,E_p为0.32V和j_p为7.25mA·cm~(-2),相对Pt/GC分别负移了0.22,0.02V和增大了8.15倍,半峰宽(FWHM)为0.5V。表明Sb-Pt/GC和Surface alloy/GC电极不仅能够有效地抑制毒性中间体CO的生成,而且还可以显著地提高其对活性中间体的氧化的电催化活性。     

硫脲在铂电极表面吸附行为的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文通过电化学方法有效抑制了硫脲在铂电极表面的解离,从而实现了用SERS技术研究粗糙铂电极表面硫脲的吸附行为。结果表明,硫脲分子是以硫端斜躺吸附在电极表面,随着电位变负渐渐转为直立。     

非水乙腈体系中CO在铂电极表面吸附的SERS研究

在非水乙腈体系中，借助LabRam Ⅰ型共焦显微拉曼系统，尝试用表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）对作为燃料电池中毒化中间体的CO在过渡金属铂电极表面的催化氧化进行了研究，并考察了在电极电位的变化过程中CO的催化氧化与周围环境分子的相互作用。不仅观察到CO在铂金属表面的吸附和氧化，还得到溶剂乙腈分子发生解离的表面增强拉曼光谱，并对CO和CH3CN分子在铂电极上的竞争吸附进行了分析。     

Au_(core)@Pt_(shell)/GC电极上甲醇解离中间体CO氧化的SERS研究

本文采用共焦显微拉曼系统对不同介质中甲醇解离中间体CO在Aucore@Ptshell/GC电极上的氧化行为进行了研究。结果显示,不论在酸性、中性还是碱性介质中,甲醇均能在Aucore@Ptshell/GC电极上自发氧化解离出强吸附中间体CO;较低电位下,CO在酸性和中性介质中以线性吸附为主,碱性介质中则以桥式吸附为主。此研究表明,电极在中性及碱性介质中对甲醇解离中间体CO的电氧化比在酸性介质中有更好的催化活性,原位表面增强拉曼光谱技术有望拓展成为研究电催化反应的有效工具。     

胞嘧啶吸附在粗糙银和金电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱

利用电化学伏安方法和表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术研究了在-1.0V~0V的电位区间内胞嘧啶在粗糙银电极和金电极表面上的吸附行为。结果表明,在所研究的电位区间,胞嘧啶通过N3位垂直吸附在粗糙银和金电极表面,且当电位负移时吸附作用减弱。     

粗糙铂电极上甲醛电氧化行为及其现场表面拉曼光谱研究

利用循环伏安法研究了酸性介质中甲醛在粗糙铂电极上电氧化行为 ,考察了支持电解质浓度 ,电极表面结构等因素对甲醛氧化行为的影响 ,发现了甲醛在粗糙铂电极上的自发解离现象。采用共焦显微拉曼技术研究了甲醛在粗糙铂电极上解离吸附行为 ,获得了甲醛在该电极表面解离吸附的分子水平信息 ,并且从分子水平验证了甲醛在粗糙铂电极上的自发解离现象。     

非水体系中甲酸在铂电极上催化氧化的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

采用共焦显微拉曼系统研究了甲酸在非水体系中的纯多晶铂电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱,实验发现电位较低时甲酸首先在粗糙铂电极表面生成CO中间体,当电位逐渐变正并高于0.1 V时CO开始氧化,但是此时新生成的CO足以弥补其氧化的消耗,表现在Raman强度和一定覆盖度下的耦合作用并没有减少。当电位达到约0.6 V时CO的氧化速度进一步加剧并完全氧化为最终产物CO₂。     

Pd修饰Cu电极的电化学CO_2还原（英文）

利用微分电化学质谱和电化学原位衰减全反射红外光谱技术探究了Cu和CuPd催化剂上CO_2和CO的电化学还原行为.红外光谱观察到了生成甲醇、甲烷与乙烯的CH_x中间物种.在CuPd电极CO_2还原过程中,红外光谱的CO吸附峰起始电位比Cu正移大约300 mV,说明CuPd能够有效促进CO_2还原;CO饱和溶液中,Cu和CuPd电极CO起始吸附电位基本相同;两电极上CO谱带出现的电位与CO_3~(2-)的谱带降低的电位基本相同,说明C O的吸附需要CO_3~(2-)的脱附.利用电化学在线质谱发现在CuPd电极上CO还原产生CH_4和CH_3OH的起始电位比Cu电极正移约200 mV.推测催化活性的提升可能是由于Pd的引入改变了Cu的d能带,且Pd吸附更多的H,从而促进CO_2还原,使CO能够与H结合并被深度还原.     

电化学体系中吸附在金电极表面吡啶的紫外拉曼光谱研究

观察到波长为325nm的紫外光激发下吸附在金电极表面的吡啶的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。结合其SERS谱随电位的变化关系,分析了其中的增强机制并表明随电位的负移吡啶的吸附方式发生改变。     

甲酸在Pt(100)/Sb电极上氧化的时间分辨原位FTIR反射光谱研究

以电化学原位时间分辨ＦＴＩＲ反射光谱和循环伏安方法研究甲酸在不同Ｓｂ覆盖度修饰的Ｐｔ（１００）单晶电极上的氧化。发现Ｓｂａｄ的修饰抑制了甲酸的解离吸附,使反应经活性中间体直接氧化至ＣＯ２。电化学和红外光谱数据表明,θＳｂ＝０．２４的Ｐｔ（１００）／Ｓｂ电极具有最高的电催化活性。     

Structure and reactivity of bimetallic electrochemical interfaces: infrared spectroscopic studies of carbon monoxide adsorption and formic acid electrooxidation on antimony-modified Pt(100) and Pt(111)

The influence of predosed antimony on the adlayer structures of carbon monoxide and on the electro-oxidation kinetics of formic acid on Pt(100) and Pt(111) in 0.1M HClO₄ is examined by means of in-situ infrared spectroscopy in conjunction with cyclic voltammetry. Preadsorbed antimony inhibits the adsorption of CO on these surfaces, the attenuation in CO coverage being accompanied by a selective removal of the two-fold bridging geometry as deduced from the relative ν_CO band intensities. At saturation antimony coverages, the CO binding is exclusively terminal on Pt(100) and Pt(111). These findings are consistent with the adsorption of antimony at multi-fold sites, yielding microscopically intermixed adlayers with CO. The electro-oxidation rates of formic acid are enhanced substantially by preadsorbed antimony on Pt(100) and Pt(111). The real-time infrared spectra in the C-O stretching region and the CO coverages thereby deduced in the presence of predosed antimony under reactive voltammetric conditions suggest that the metal adatoms are actively involved in the dissociation of formic acid. The origins of the enhanced electrocatalytic activity of the bimetallic Sb/Pt surfaces are discussed in terms of geometric and chemical effects.     

重新审视桥式吸附甲酸根在铂电极上电催化氧化甲酸过程中的作用 (cited: 2)

基于以前报道的电化学原位ATR-FTIRS数据(Langmuir 22,10399 (2006)和Angewa. Chem. Int. Ed., 50,1159 (2011)),详细讨论了甲酸在铂电极上电催化氧化机理及动力学过程．提出了直接反应路径的动力学模型,即甲酸吸附(同时C-H键活化)作为此反应的决速步骤,此反应路径贡献甲酸氧化反应的大部分电流．该动力学模型可以很好地拟合在无CO毒化影响和浓度在0.1 mol/L以下的红外光谱结果．这种机理预测了甲酸氧化直接途径可能只需要一个Pt原子作为反应位点,甲酸根阻碍活性位点,并非为反应中间物．另外还详细检验了之前其他小组曾提出的甲酸根途径(一级或二级反应)为甲酸氧化直接途径,并指出了引起分歧的原因．     

吸附在铂电极上茄尼醇分子的SERS研究

本文首次报道了茄尼醇分子的常规拉曼光谱 (RRS)及该分子在铂电极上的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)谱 ,并对它的谱带进行了初步指认。从其常规拉曼光谱和SERS谱的对比和分析推断 ,茄尼醇分子是通过CC等键吸附在铂电极表面的。这种分子RRS和SERS谱的明显差异表明 ,该分子与铂电极表面发生了强的相互作用。这种相互作用对吸附在铂电极上的茄尼醇分子结构发生了很大的扰动。     

铂纳米立方体的合成及其SERS活性研究

本文用氢气还原氯亚铂酸钾,以聚丙烯酸钠作表面活性剂合成了铂纳米立方体,得到的铂纳米立方体的边长约为15nm。将铂纳米立方体组装到玻碳电极表面上可以作为SERS基底。以SCN-作为探针分子,初步研究铂纳米立方体的SERS效应。从铂纳米立方体上得到的SERS信号强度比粗糙的铂电极强,这表明铂纳米立方体具有更高的SERS活性。     

Surface (electro-)chemistry on Pt(1 1 1) modified by a Pseudomorphic Pd monolayer

The formic acid and methanol oxidation reaction are studied on Pt(1 1 1) modified by a pseudomorphic Pd monolayer (denoted hereafter as the Pt(1 1 1)-Pd_1 ML system) in 0.1 M HClO₄ solution. The results are compared to the bare Pt(1 1 1) surface. The nature of adsorbed intermediates (CO_ad) and the electrocatalytic properties (the onset of CO₂ formation) were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The results show that Pd has a unique catalytic activity for HCOOH oxidation, with Pd surface atoms being about four times more active than Pt surface atoms at 0.4 V. FTIR spectra reveal that on Pt atoms adsorbed CO is produced from dehydration of HCOOH, whereas no CO adsorbed on Pd can be detected although a high production rate of CO₂ is observed at low potentials. This indicates that the reaction can proceed on Pd at low potentials without the typical “poison” formation. In contrast to its high activity for formic acid oxidation, the Pd film is completely inactive for methanol oxidation. The FTIR spectra show that neither adsorbed CO is formed on the Pd sites nor significant amounts of CO₂ are produced during the electrooxidation of methanol.     

Electrosynthesis of polyquinone nanowires with dispersed platinum nanoparticles toward formic acid oxidation

Conducting polymer nanostructuring enables a substantial improvement of many electro-catalytic processes, e.g., formic acid (HCOOH, FA) electro-oxidation. In this case, a stainless steel (SS) electrode is first modified with poly(1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone-co-o-phenylenediamine) (COP) and then, by means of a template that can be chemically removed, poly(1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone) nanowires (P1AAQnw) are electro-synthesized; this procedure has allowed the effective FA electro-catalytic oxidation generating adsorbed CO, which is quickly converted to CO₂. Subsequently, when platinum nanoparticles (dispersed by electro-chemical techniques) are also incorporated on the polymeric nanowires, oxidation peaks are observed at ca. 1000 mV, with a current increase up to fourfold. In this way, the method provides a highly reproducible nanostructured electrode that is prepared solely by electro-chemical techniques offering promising results for FA electro-catalytic oxidation.