高双折射光纤环镜轴向应变灵敏度研究

理论推导了高双折射光纤环镜轴向应变灵敏度公式,讨论了在高双折射光纤材料和入射光源不变的前提下,高双折射光纤长度以及作为敏感元件的传感长度与传感器轴向应变灵敏度的关系,讨论了入射光源相同时高双折射光纤材料与传感器轴向应变灵敏度的关系。结果表明：在高双折射光纤材料和入射光源不变的前提下,高双折射光纤环镜波长变化与轴向应变成线性关系,线性灵敏度为高双折射光纤材料和入射光源中心波长决定的常数,与接入的高双折射光纤长度、作为敏感元件的传感长度无关。     

高双折射光纤环镜应变传感研究

研究了高双折射光纤环镜的应变传感原理,推导了谐振波长与轴向应变的关系式,并进行了实验研究.该传感器具有很高的灵敏度：谐振波长漂移为0.031 8 nm/με,约是裸光纤光栅的32倍.谐振波长和轴向应变之间的线性拟合度为0.999 4.该传感器具有灵敏度高、结构紧凑、使用方便等优点.     

基于纤芯折射率增强的高双折射光子晶体光纤

通过增加光纤纤芯区域折射率实现了一种高双折射光子晶体光纤.采用全矢量有限元和平面波展开方法,系统地研究了这种高双折射光子晶体光纤在不同的高折射率区域参数(比如区域形状、折射率)情况下的光纤特性.模拟结果表明,光子晶体光纤的双折射可以在优化的参数条件下获得很大提高,光子晶体光纤的非线性系数(连同双折射)也可以同时得到提高.     

监测点波长对高双折射光纤环镜轴向应变灵敏度的影响

研究了高双折射光纤环镜监测点波长对轴向应变灵敏度的影响. 经理论推导得出高双折射光纤环镜轴向应变灵敏度公式. 结果表明: 当高双折射光纤材料选定后, 灵敏度随着监测点波长的增大而增大; 当监测点选定后, 监测点的灵敏度为常数, 波长变化与应变成线性关系. 实验选取不同波长的波峰进行应变灵敏度监测, 对各监测点进行数据拟合, 实验结果与理论分析一致. 研究结果对提高高双折射光纤环镜应变、温度等灵敏度具有指导意义. 关键词： 波长 灵敏度 监测点 高双折射光纤环镜     

二维高双折射光纤圈应变传感器

本文提出一种高双折射光纤圈应变传感器,可用来检测该困面内二维任意方向的应变,其灵敏度通过增减由数可方便加以调整.检测结果表明,观测到的相位变化与用应力阻抗议测得的应变之间有极好的线性.     

八边形结构的双折射光子晶体光纤

提出一种新型的双折射光子晶体光纤,在正八边形的基础上改变纤芯附近的几个空气孔的直径产生双折射.利用多极法对该光纤基模的模场分布、色散、限制损耗及双折射特性进行数值分析,并且分析了一些参数对双折射的影响.计算了具有相同参数的六边形结构光子晶体光纤的色散系数、限制损耗及双折射率.研究表明,具有相同参数的八边形结构光子晶体光纤比六边形结构光子晶体光纤的双折射率明显提高,限制损耗大幅度减小,零色散波长也向短波方向移动. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 双折射 色散 限制损耗     

圆双折射光纤的几何判别原理

基于耦合模理论,提出一种判别圆双折射光纤的简易方法.首先指出在单模工作条件下的线双折射光纤中,一对互相正交的线偏振模间耦合系数为虚数,而在圆双折射光纤中,耦合系数为实数.从上述事实出发并根据单模光纤横截面上折射率分布的对称性,确定了光纤轴向倒置后几何形状不变足圆双折射光纤的三个必要条件之一.利用这种判别方法,可以确定对互易光纤而言,只有扭转圆光纤和熔融状态下制作的螺旋光纤才是真的圆双折射光纤.     

基于监测波峰绝对积分的双折射光子晶体光纤环镜轴向应变传感器研究

理论推导了双折射光纤环镜波长变化与轴向应变的公式,研究表明：双折射光子晶体光纤环镜轴向应变灵敏度比传统双折射光纤环镜大为减小。通过监测双折射光子晶体光纤环镜波长的变化,来实现轴向应变的测量就变得较为困难;且输出干涉光谱局部呈凹凸不平,波长监测容易导致数据测量误差。实验监测双折射光子晶体光纤环镜应变光谱,对应变光谱分析发现：随着应变增加,监测波峰下的绝对积分呈现减小的趋势。进一步精确计算分析发现：监测波峰下的绝对积分与应变成线性关系。基于此,提出了通过监测波峰下的绝对积分的变化,来实现轴向应变的测量。波峰下的绝对积分是表征各波长光强的综合性能指标,通过监测波峰下的绝对积分的变化,来实现轴向应变的测量,不仅可以克服双折射光子晶体光纤环镜监测波长变化的困难,而且还可以克服波长监测局部寻优导致的测量误差。     

基于低双折射光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的超低温度系数扭曲传感器

研究了低双折射光子晶体光纤中由光纤扭曲造成的圆双折射效应,并应用Sagnac干涉仪结构设计了扭曲传感器.在Sagnac环中的光子晶体光纤上施加机械压力引入初始线双折射并产生正弦干涉光谱,再扭曲光纤产生圆双折射使干涉光谱随扭曲角度移动.光谱峰值波长随扭曲角度变化符合Sinc函数关系,理论分析与实验相符.传感器灵敏度为1.00 nm/°,分比率为0.01°,并具有超低的温度系数-0.5 pm/℃.     

侧向压力对微结构光纤双折射的影响

采用全矢量有限元方法,理论上分析侧向压力对高双折射微结构光纤双折射特性的影响,与其他报道中采用流体静压力来研究微结构光纤的双折射变化有所不同。研究结果表明,在波长600~1700 nm范围内,沿微结构光纤慢轴和快轴的侧向压力所引起的光纤相双折射和模双折射的变化并不一致。此外,沿微结构光纤的慢轴和快轴的侧向压力对微结构光纤的相双折射压力灵敏度和模双折射压力灵敏度的影响也不同。该研究结果对于微结构光纤的设计、微结构光纤传感器尤其是多维光纤传感器具有很大的指导意义。     

Three methods for improving an axial strain sensitivity of polarization maintaining fiber loop mirror

Sensitivity is one of the important performances for sensor. Theoretical results show that we can choose a long wavelength monitoring point, a high strain dependent birefringence coefficient polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) and a low birefringence PMF to improve the axial strain sensitivity of PMF loop mirror, and experimental results show that the axial strain sensitivity has respectively been improved by 8.06, 30.73, and 22.26% by these methods. The advantage of these methods is to improve the axial strain sensitivity without increasing system complexity. These results help to improve the temperature, displacement, torsion, curvature and liquid level sensitivities of PMF loop mirror. These results can also be applied in photonic crystal fiber loop mirror.     

Polarization-maintaining fiber loop with double optical length and its application to fiber optic gyroscope

A novel polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) loop is proposed and used for an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (FOG). By splicing a conventional PMF loop with two pigtailed polarization beam splitters, polarized light can be guided to propagate along the slow and fast axes of the PMF in sequence to double its effective optical length in the loop. In particular, the resultant optical length in the combined loop is partially self-compensated for some external disturbances, such as transverse strain. Primary experiments on the FOG using the proposed loop demonstrate that the average static bias deviation between-40 and +60 °C is less than 0.050 deg./h, and the average bias variation under conventional random vibration test is less than 0.10 deg./h.     

保偏光纤双折射分析及全光纤拍长测试方法比对研究

理论分析了保偏光纤双折射效应,应用有限元法建立了保偏光纤的三维模型,得到了其横截面上的应力分布及归一化的双折射参数。选择3种全光纤构成的纯光学系统进行对比拍长测试实验,实验结果和理论模型计算结果十分吻合,并对比研究了几种测试方法的优缺点。选定一种光路结构简单有效的双折射测试系统,对高双折射光子晶体光纤进行测试,测得了其归一化的双折射参数,并计算得其拍长约为1.2mm。研究结果对不同复杂结构保偏光纤的建模理论分析和拍长性能测试及高双折射光子晶体光纤设计制作后的性能测试有一定的实用价值。     

Temperature dependence of birefringence in olarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibres

In this paper,the temperature dependence of birefringence in polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibres(PMPCFs) is investigated theoretically and experimentally.Utilizing the structural parameters of the PM-PCF samples in the experiment,two effects leading to the birefringence variation under different temperatures are analysed,which are the thermal expansion of silica material and the refractive index variation due to the temperature variation.The actual birefringence variation of the PM-PCF is the combination of the two effects,which is in the order of 10-9 K-1 for both fibre samples.Calculation results also show that the influence of refractive index variation is the dominant contribution,which determines the tendency of the fibre birefringence variation with varying temperature.Then,the birefringence beat lengths of the two fibre samples are measured under the temperature,which varies from -40℃ to 80℃.A traditional PANDA-type polarization maintaining fibre(PMF) is also measured in the same way for comparison.The experimental results indicate that the birefringence variation of the PM-PCF due to temperature variation is far smaller than that of the traditional PMF,which agrees with the theoretical analysis.The ultra-low temperature dependence of the birefringence in the PM-PCF has great potential applications in temperature-insensitive fibre interferometers,fibre sensors,and fibre gyroscopes.     

Analysis of thermal property in hollow-core polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibers

We study the thermal-induced variance of effective refractive indices (ERIs) and birefringence in several kinds of polarization maintaining fibers (PMF) and carry out numerical simulations by utilizing the finite element method (FEM). Responses under varying temperatures in these fibers are analyzed thoroughly. According to our computational results, hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) exhibit much more stable temperature-dependent ERIs and birefringence among these PMFs.     

Analysis of bias thermal stability of interferometer fiber-optic gyroscope using a solid-core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber

Bias thermal stability of a fiber-optic gyroscope using polarization-maintaining photonic crystal (PM-PCF) was studied. The thermal sensitivity of birefringence in PM-PCF and polarization cross talking in fiber coil was measured. Using an OCDP method, the polarization cross talking causing phase error of the fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG) was analyzed. The contrast experiment result of the FOGs with the PM-PCF coil and PMF coil showed that using PM-PCF instead of PMF can improve the FOG’s bias thermal stability by about 50 %.     

基于二阶保偏光纤Sagnac环光纤激光器的振动检测研究

提出了一种可用于振动检测的新型光纤光栅传感技术. 用偏振控制器和高双折射保偏光纤构建成Sagnac环, 结合掺铒光纤、单模光纤和隔离器, 形成了单波长光纤激光器, 由粘有光纤Bragg光栅的悬臂梁作为传感探头, 并利用Sagnac环本身的线性边缘, 解调振动信号. 阐述了Sagnac环原理及其产生的边缘效应, 并进行了数值模拟计算, 对振动信号进行了检测实验, 检测系统从L₁到L₁+L₂之间对应的周期可调, 灵敏度高达38.2 μ W/nm, 线性度为0.9996, 动态范围在40–70 dB, 可满足振动传感检测的技术参数要求. 关键词： 光纤光学 振动检测 保偏光纤Sagnac环 光纤激光器     

高双折射Sagnac环透射特性的理论与实验研究

 采用传输矩阵分析法、数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法研究了由光耦合器（OC）、偏振控制器（PC）和保偏光纤（PMF）组成的高双折射Sagnac干涉环的透射特性。理论分析了PMF特性和PC状态对输出特性的影响,并通过数值模拟得到了PMF长度、双折射率（Δn）和PC状态不同时所对应的透射光谱。最后通过实验验证得出了波长间隔只由PMF的长度和双折射率Δn决定,透射率大小只由PC状态决定,而透射谱的峰值位置由PMF和PC状态共同决定的规律。实验结果与理论分析结果非常一致,对Sagnac环透射规律的研究对这种可调谐滤波器在多波长光纤激光器中的应用具有一定的参考价值。     

Birefringence sensitivity to temperature of polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibers

In this paper, we investigate the birefringence of polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibers (PM-PCFs) under thermal effect. Modeling and simulation of PM-PCFs under thermal effect are conducted. Birefringence in a PM-PCF as a function of the temperature is measured experimentally. The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical calculation, and show that the relative temperature dependent birefringence coefficient of the PM-PCF, dΔn/dT/Δn, is 2.93×10^?5/°C, which is typically ～35 times less than that of conventional panda fibers. The insensitivity of polarization properties in PM-PCFs to temperature is demonstrated. These findings have important benefits in fiber optic systems and sensors, especially in fiber optic gyroscopes (FOG) where it translates into a lower polarization error and thus a higher measurement precision.