共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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为了改善增量式光电编码器的莫尔条纹光电信号质量,降低主计数信号中高次谐频的影响,提高信噪比达到输出稳定的正弦波形,本文深入地研究了莫尔条纹光电信号中的高频信号和噪音信号产生的原因及其相关自适应滤除方法.从宏观和微观两个方案分析光栅副的屏函数,研究莫尔条纹光电信号输出波形的不确定原因,并且提出采用相关自适应滤波方法将高频信号滤除保留原有基频信号.从相关自适应滤波的数学模型论证和推导该相关自适应滤波过程并讨论其自适应性.指出在设计该自适应滤波电路时需要重视的几个关键指标及其影响效果,完成相关自适应滤波的有效性分析.相关自适应滤波效果等价于一个中心频率为基频的窄带带通滤波器,当基频随机变化时其通带也会随之改变.通过相关自适应滤波技术较好地滤除计数信号中除基频外所有高频分量和放大电路所引入的加性高斯白噪音.实验证明:莫尔条纹光电信号的失真度被降低8倍相关自适应滤波方法能使莫尔条纹光电输出波形趋近于标准正弦波,获得更高的信噪比. 相似文献
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基于时频阵列模型的波达方向估计 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
提出一种非平稳信号的波达方向估计方法。该方法将时频分析引入阵列处理,通过参考阵元和两个对称子阵的互时频分布建立起一种时频域的阵列数据模型,用平均的时频阵列数据模型代替传统的阵列模型,采用子空间方法得到多个非平稳信号的波达方向估计。空间平均和时频分析的结合使得该方法具有很好的信号选择性和抗干扰噪声的性能,该方法还具有运算量小和处理非平稳信号的能力。 相似文献
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基于EMD的拉曼光谱去噪方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
经验模态分解(EMD)方法是一个以信号极值特征尺度为度量的时空滤波过程,它充分保留了信号本身的非线性和非平稳特征,在信号的滤波和去噪中具有较大的优势。文章在介绍EMD分解方法的基础上,结合EMD的多尺度滤波特性,提出了一种新的拉曼光谱去噪方法——EMD阈值去噪法。该方法首先对含噪的拉曼光谱信号做EMD分解,得到各阶本征模态函数(IMF),然后对高频的IMF分量用阈值法进行处理,把经过阈值处理后的高频IMF分量与低频IMF分量叠加得到重构的信号,即去噪信号。通过处理对二甲苯的拉曼光谱信号,分析了在不同噪声水平上不同去噪方法的处理效果。实验结果表明EMD阈值去噪法有效地去除了噪声,较好地保留了光谱的细节信息,与小波阈值去噪方法相比较具有自适应的优势,在拉曼光谱去噪中有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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基于线阵CCD空间滤波效应的航空相机像移速度测量方法 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
基于空间滤波测速原理,提出了利用线阵CCD空间滤波效应进行航空相机像移速度测量的新方法。对线阵CCD输出图像进行隔行采样,模拟了多狭缝的空间滤波特性,实现了对航空相机像移速度的光学非接触测量。通过研究空间滤波器的功率谱密度函数,对影响线阵CCD空间滤波特性的关键因素进行了特性分析,并在实验上验证了利用线阵CCD推扫图像模拟多狭缝空间滤波器测量像移速度的可行性。结果表明,对于5~53.2 mm/s范围内的像移速度,测量误差导致的像移量误差不大于1/3 pixel,能够满足航空相机像移补偿精度的要求。 相似文献
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Principles and development of spatial filtering velocimetry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
As one of the interesting optical techniques for measurements of the velocity, the spatial-filtering method is treated briefly in this review. The basic theory of the method is examined by analyzing the filtering characteristics of a spatial filter using the power spectral density function. The signal analyses are summarized as one of the techniques used in the spatial filtering method. Various configurations of the spatial filtering velocimeter are classified into typical four groups and outlined according to a variety of spatial filters employed in the velocimeters. 相似文献
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《中国光学快报(英文版)》2015,(6)
In order to select a suitable spatial filter for the spatial filtering velocimeter, the filtering characteristics of the spatial filters with a rectangular window and rectangular transmittance are investigated by the power spectrum of transmittance function method. The filtering characteristics of differential filters are investigated and compared with that of common ones. The influences of the number of spatial periods on the spectral bandwidth,deviation to central frequency, and peak transmittance are deeply analyzed. The results show that the influence is due to the form of superposition of the signal components and other components, the pedestal and higher-order components, and the superposition results from the finite size of the spatial filter. According to the results, a method is proposed to compensate for the deviation to central frequency. 相似文献
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We propose a new technique for an interconversion between a three dimensional (3-D) spatial signal and a temporal signal. It is realized by combination of a holographic technique, a 2-D spatial filtering technique and a time-space conversion technique. Using this method, we can physically utilize the multiplicity between a temporal domain parameter and all of the spatial domain parameters of light. To demonstrate the proposed technique, we achieved experimentally conversion from different three point light sources as 3-D spatial signals into a temporal signal and vice versa. 相似文献
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This paper describes a purely optical technique for measuring and spatially mapping out stress and rigidity in thin membranes. Its application to a membrane of aluminum nitride that has significant spatial nonuniformities in its elastic properties demonstrates the method. The attractive features of this technique--fast, noncontacting measurement, good spatial resolution, ability to quantify in-plane anisotropy--make it potentially useful for characterizing elements of microelectromechanical structures, masks for advanced lithography systems, acoustic filters, and other devices in which the mechanical properties of membranes are important. 相似文献
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《Optik》2014,125(24):7136-7139
The idea of using spatial filtering method to measure velocity of vehicles for an inertial navigation system is put forward. Corresponding optical system, including a 532 nm solid-state laser as active illumination, is established. A 17.92 mm × 14.34 mm area charge coupled device (CCD) is employed both as detector and as spatial filter. The spatial filtering characteristics are theoretically analyzed using a power spectral density function. The spatial filtering operation of CCD is performed fully by software. Therefore, the parameters of the spatial filter, such as the size and the number of spatial period, are changeable. In addition, the CCD is arranged as two differential spatial filters without any other additional elements. Experiments are carried out to examine the feasibility of CCD as two differential spatial filters and the influence of the number of spatial period on the signal frequency. The results indicate that the more number of spatial period the more accurate measurements can be obtained, and show that the relation between signal frequency and velocity has good linearity. So this velocimeter is suitable to provide velocity information for a vehicle self-contained inertial navigation system. 相似文献
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E. B. Kudashev 《Acoustical Physics》2003,49(2):176-183
A systematic study of the methods of measuring wall pressure fluctuations against a background of intense vibrations is carried out. The method of separating the turbulent signal from noise on the basis of monitoring the level of vibration interference is considered. Active methods of vibration control are developed for a miniature receiver of turbulent pressure fluctuations. It is shown that the methods based on the spatial filtering of the noise field offer the greatest promise. The filtering properties of vibration-proof receivers and measuring systems are investigated. 相似文献
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自适应小波阈值去噪在光谱信号处理中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在光谱数据的多组分定量分析中 ,噪声的存在往往影响分析的准确度。小波变换的多分辨率分析的特性使它成为一种优良的去噪方法。本文基于 Dohono提出的小波阈值去噪和 Mallat,Xu等提出的空域相关去噪法 ,提出了一种新的自适应小波阈值函数滤噪法。与原来方法比较 ,新法能够在有效去除噪声的同时 ,很好地保留了信号的细节。仿真计算和分析表明了此算法的有效性。 相似文献