多层共轭自适应光学系统中等晕角的计算

介绍了多层共轭自适应光学(MCAO)系统的基本原理及其对提高自适应光学系统的等晕角的作用。介绍了用计算机模拟计算MCAO等晕角所用的数值方法,并给出了相应的算法。计算了在传统的自适应光学系统中的等晕角的大小以及采用多层共轭技术的自适应光学系统的等晕角的大小,并对二者进行了比较,说明了多层共轭自适应光学系统相对于传统的自适应光学系统在提高系统的等晕角方面的优越性。结果表明,在MCAO中,变形镜的个数越多其等晕角越大。     

太阳多层共轭自适应光学系统的性能优化

为克服大气非等晕的影响,多层共轭自适应光学(MCAO)系统被广泛应用于太阳望远镜,以有效扩大校正视场。仅考虑由于大气非等晕造成的系统理论误差,研究了变形镜(DM)个数及其共轭高度对太阳多层共轭自适应光学(MCAO)系统性能的影响。结果表明,MCAO系统中DM的最佳共轭高度取决于大气湍流的分布;理论上,太阳望远镜(D/r0=28.57)视场为1arcmin时,只需两块DM,太阳MCAO系统斯特列尔比(SR)可达0.55,基本满足太阳望远镜的观测要求;同时,随着太阳望远镜口径的增大,需通过增加DM个数以满足其在大视场观测的需求。     

大气湍流的分层结构及自适应光学共轭校正

近期观察表明，在很多情况下，大气湍流主要集中在几个薄层中。将这些薄层用相位屏近似，由它们所引起的波前畸变可用分层共轭自适应光学系统进行补偿，从而使等晕角大大增加。本文对理论结果和实际的限制因素进行了较详细的讨论。     

激光导引星大气湍流波前非等晕性误差的像差模式分解

激光导引星概念解决了自适应光学技术的信标问题，同时带来了无法克服的非等晕性误差。将高度聚焦非等晕性误差和角度等晕性误差统一起来考虑，分析激光导引星的大气湍流波前各阶模式的非等晕性误差，并给出了解析模型。同时分析了瑞利导星和纳导星的大气湍流波前的模式非等晕性相对误差，在没有角度偏离的情况下，90km的钠导星的模式非等晕性误差明显小于15km的瑞利导星，但是它对角度的敏感程度却远远大于端利导星。采用激光导引星的自适应光学系统用于大气湍流的校正，选择较低阶的模式校正就可以达到较好的效果，而且即使目标与导引星的偏角大于等晕角，选择低阶模式也可以达到有效的部分校正效果。     

光相位共轭色散补偿波分复用系统的传输带宽

导出了光相位共轭器（DPC）接于常规单模光纤链路中点的色散补偿波分复用（WDM）系统传输带宽的估算公式，并用数值仿真的结果验证了公式的正确性；采用不对称接入光相位共轭器提高传输带宽的方法，导出了光相位共轭器接入位置对传输带宽影响的估算公式，利用公式估算和数值仿真的结果表明，当光相位共轭器处于最佳接入位置时，色散补偿的波分复用系统的传输带可以提高近一倍。     

低阶模式校正自适应光学系统的非等晕限制

分析了非科尔莫戈罗夫湍流情况下,自适应光学系统低阶模式校正时的非等晕误差、泽尼克系数角相关函数、残余相位结构函数以及长曝光光学传递函数,并定义了一个新变量－－模式校正因子,用来有效评价目标非等晕误差对低阶模式校正自适应光学系统补偿效果的影响。此外还给出了光波水平大气传输时模式校正因子以及低阶模式校正系统长曝光光学传递函数的数值计算结果。     

角反射器阵列作为伪相位共轭器件的保真度分析

 研究了共光路共模块自适应光学系统中用角反射器阵列构成伪相位共轭器件,角反射器阵列形成伪相位共轭波的能力,具体计算了不同单元数的角反射器阵列形成具有Zernike多项式展开的各阶像差的波面的相位共轭的保真度。角反射器阵列的保真度决定于其单元数和阵列结构,对于不同类型的像差保真度也是不同的。最后对各种影响因素如衍射、二面角误差和面形误差等进行了分析。     

基于拉曼组合放大的长距离光纤传输系统

本文改进了一种实现长距离自适应补偿光纤传输的方法.在利用光纤光栅形成的谐振腔产生激光对信号光进行拉曼放大的基础上,再利用双抽运光对信号光进行拉曼放大,从而获得更高的拉曼增益以实现更长距离的自适应补偿光纤传输.使实验自适应补偿传输距离达125km(为目前国际上已报道的最长自适应补偿光纤传输距离).实验测量并理论分析了该长距离光纤传输系统的开关增益、放大的自发辐射噪声、噪声指数和光功率分布的特性,实验结果与理论模型符合很好.     

自泵浦位相共轭反射的实验研究

本文通过检测BaTiO_3晶体的二波耦合增益系数P和自泵浦位相共轭反射率R对随入射角的变化关系,经过理论分析指出R的角度依赖性是P的角密依赖性的结果;详细地解释了全内反射自泵浦位相共轭的双区域耦合理论,指出位相共轭输出的频移特性是泵浦光在双区域间“振荡”的结果;并解释了自泵浦形成的阈值特性。     

基于频域相位共轭技术的交叉相位调制所致失真的复原

理论分析和讨论了基于频域相位共轭技术的交叉相位调制所致信号失真的复原和补偿机理，数值模拟了在交叉相位调制作用下，高斯脉冲在中距相位共轭光纤系统中的传输演化过程.结果表明，频域相位共轭技术能够抑制交叉相位调制对光纤系统中传输信号的损害，复原其所导致的信号失真，并能够同步补偿群速度色散和自相位调制非线性效应所导致的信号失真.合适的初始脉冲时延和初始脉冲啁啾有利于频域相位共轭技术对交叉相位调制所致信号失真的抑制. 关键词： 频域相位共轭 交叉相位调制 色散 自相位调制     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

高精度等晕角测量关键技术研究

等晕角是重要大气光学参数之一,对天文光学站址选择、大气湍流效应自适应光学校正效果评价等有着重要的意义。分析了国内外等晕角测量技术,介绍了等晕角测量的基本原理,设计了三环变迹镜并开展了数值验证,分析并提出了高精度等晕角测量仪的主要技术指标,研制了一套高精度等晕角测量仪,结果表明,该仪器能够满足全天时的等晕角测量。     

Simulation of anisoplanatism of adaptive optical system in inhomogeneous turbulent atmosphere

The goal of this study was to analyse anisoplanatism of adaptive optics under an inhomogeneous turbulent atmosphere over a pupil of finite size. By means of a numerical model with layers of turbulence software was proposed by which point spread function (PSF), optical transfer function (OTF) as well as system isoplanatic angle can be calculated. Atmospheric turbulence was simulated with the aid of a set of moving random phase screens with arbitrary statistics. Both reference and target are assumed to be the point light sources. To simulate atmospheric turbulence we applied the concept of a number of moving random phase screens with Kolmogorov spectrum. In my investigation I used the model of the Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor and the ideal model of a wave front adaptive mirror that is assumed to reproduce a given number of Zernike polynomials without time delays. The designed software allows calculation of instantaneous and average values of phase correction errors at different angles between a reference beacon and target source. Simulations can be made with a broad range of parameters of an adaptive system and atmospheric turbulence. The system of the model allows changing of the control algorithm of phase correction. Both common phase conjugation and weighted phase conjugation algorithm have been tested. This program is capable of calculating the effects of beam diffraction during propagation in the atmosphere.     

非线性热晕效应自适应光学位相补偿

采用已建立的一套较完整的包括真实自适应光学位相补偿系统仿真的高能激光大气传输的数值模拟程序，对非线性热晕应相偿进行了计算。分析了非线性热晕效应位相补偿不稳定性的基本特征。     

Study on beam propagation through a double-adaptive-optics optical system in turbulent atmosphere

Beam propagation through a double-adaptive-optics optical system in turbulent atmosphere has been investigated. A typical model of optical systems with the double-adaptive-optics configuration is established, principles of the two adaptive optics and theory of beam propagation through the optical system in turbulent atmosphere are analyzed. Power efficiency and beam quality (BPF) of the received beam are introduced to evaluate performance of the optical system. Under the H-V 5/7 turbulent model, influences of the two adaptive optics installations are numerically calculated, respectively. Results show that the adaptive optics at the launcher can improve both power efficiency and beam quality of the received beam, the adaptive optics at the receiver can significantly improve beam quality of the received beam. Evolution of the system performance with the increase of adaptive optics correction order is numerically simulated, and results show that the double-adaptive-optics configuration has great advantages in improving beam quality of the received beam in optical systems with beam long-distance propagation through the turbulent atmosphere.     

Sequence of phase correction in multiconjugate adaptive optics

The way in which the sequence of phase correction impinges on performance in multiconjugate adaptive optics systems is described. When multiple phase modulators with different conjugate ranges are used, the conjugate images of the phase modulators in the atmosphere must be reimaged in the reverse order post focus, and adaptive phase correction applied in this sequence for perfect amplitude and phase cancellation. Performing the correction without relay optics results in residual amplitude and phase aberrations. It is shown, by Monte Carlo simulations of Fresnel propagation, that the effects of wave optical propagation become nonnegligible at visible wavelengths and for large air masses.     

Isoplanicity for imaging through turbulent media

For optical imaging through turbulence, a measure which specifies how close a given imaging system is to be isoplanatic is defined. Its defendence on the spatial resolution, seeing angle, and turbulence structure is given. The result shows that for low resolution imaging, the isoplanatic condition is usually satisfied, while for diffraction-limited imaging, the isoplanatic condition does restrict the seeing angle to be small.