基于波长调制技术的激光器调制特性研究

在流场诊断技术中,可调谐半导体吸收光谱技术（TDLAS）成为主要的诊断技术之一,其可实现非接触、原位检测。波长调制（WMS）和直接吸收(DA)是两种最常用的TDLAS气体传感方法,在目标含量很低或者极端流场环境下,波长调制技术呈现出更多的优势,检测灵敏度与直接吸收相比可以提高1～2个数量级。在近红外波长调制技术应用领域,分布反馈式（DFB）半导体激光器成为流场诊断技术的光源选择之一,无论利用谐波信号（或者归一化谐波信号）的线型拟合,还是选择谐波信号的峰值来反演流场参数,吸收模型的准确建立均十分重要。在模型建立时,激光器频率-时间响应以及光强-时间响应的准确表示尤为重要。为解决吸收模型准确建立问题,提出了一种准确测量激光器调制参数的完整方法,通过实验测量了用于探测水汽吸收的1 392和1 469 nm激光器的调制特性,研究了分布反馈式激光器的调制参数随调制幅度,调制频率以及工作温度的变化。根据该方法得到的调制参数,建立吸收模型,测得常温下空气中水汽浓度为1.97%,直接吸收方法测得浓度为1.99%,验证了该测量方法的准确性。研究表明,调制深度随调制幅度的增加线性增加,随调制频率的增加非线性单调减小,随工作温度的升高线性增加;激光器的出光强度和频率同时被调制,强度变化超前频率变化的相位,随调制幅度的变化不明显,随调制频率的增加单调增加,随工作温度的升高单调减小;归一化一次谐波振幅和二次振幅均随调制幅度的增加而增加,随调制频率的增加而减小,随工作温度的变化不明显。在吸收光谱应用领域,波长调制技术发挥的作用愈加重要,调制系数与谐波信号的峰值息息相关,在波长调制技术应用时,选取适当的调制参数,有利于得到合适的谐波信号,可通过改变调制幅度、调制频率、工作温度得到最优调制系数。研究了近红外分布反馈式半导体激光器的调制特性,该方法同样适用于不同封装和不同波段激光器调制特性的研究,利于推广吸收光谱技术在各领域的应用。     

电压调制光谱中的残余幅度噪声的研究

从理论和实验上研究了残余幅度噪声（ＲＡＭ）对谐波探测的影响。通过对Ｈａｒｃｅｙ－Ｍｙａｔｔ外腔式二极管激光器进行低频（１ＫＨｚ）电压调制和高次（２ｆ以上）谐波探测获得了１０＾－６的最小探测吸收率。     

相位、振幅调制两用声光调制器设计

针对实际应用中大多的光调制器只能实现单参数调制的情况,提出一种既可以调相又可以调幅的声光调制器的设计方案.运用矩阵级数解法求解正常声光相互作用Raman-Nath方程,通过计算机编程进行数值求解,得到衍射光的衍射光强和附加位相变化,从而指出以往解法的一些不合理性,并找到声波功率和衍射光的光强和位相的关系,为声光效应的位相调制和振幅调制设计提供了一种可行的方法.结合调制声波频率,可在同一个调制器上进行调幅、调相、调偏转方向.     

光纤频率调制光谱技术中残余幅度调制特性的研究

频率调制光谱(FMS)技术不仅可以用来同时测量原子和分子的吸收和色散,还是噪声免疫腔增强光外差分子光谱(NICE-OHMS)的关键技术,由于光纤器件的引入或光源输出光的偏振态不稳定等因素会诱发残余幅度调制(RAM),RAM的产生使得FMS技术在痕量气体检测中的应用受到极大的限制,因此研究光纤FMS中RAM的特性具有非常重要的意义。研究首先通过理论分析了无吸收时的FMS信号的线型及RAM的影响因素,实验测量无吸收时输入偏振方向和输出偏振方向及电光调制器(EOM)温度对光纤FMS中RAM的影响,均与RAM存在线型关系,验证了理论分析结果,并为RAM的抑制工作以及基于RAM的其他应用提供了依据。     

Modulation instabilities in astrophysics

In this paper we consider various manifestations of modulational instabilities (MI) in astrophysical systems. Apart from the last section where we consider MI in a gravitating system, our main concern is with plasma MI and especially their importance for phenomena on the Sun, in the neighbourhood of the Earth, and near pulsars.     

自相位调制和交叉相位调制共同作用下抽运探测波结构中的信号扰动研究

针对强度调制直接检测波分复用系统研究了抽运探测波结构中自相位调制和交叉相位调制共同作用下的光信号传输,给出了确定任意抽运信号下的探测波时域波形及强度调制率的理论解析方法,分析了信道间隔、传输速率对于交叉相位调制的影响,发现抽运波自相位调制的作用主要体现在使探测波时域强度调制率有所增大,解析结果和数值仿真能较好地吻合。     

基于串行最小频移键控的8进制调制的研究

提出了一种新型的基于串行结构的最小频移键控调制技术,产生了相位连续,频谱宽度窄,每码元时间有两次π/2相移,类似于传统最小频移键控调制信号,给出了该调制方案的理论推导,并将其应用于8进制的多维多阶调制系统中。理论和仿真分析了不同的8进制调制方案在频谱特性,残留色散容限,自相位调制容限的不同,还分析了其受到系统滤波带宽的影响。最后仿真实现了通过350km的色散完全补偿的光纤120Gb/s的数据传输。     

电光调制器输入端光纤温度对光纤频率调制光谱影响的研究

激光光谱技术由于其高灵敏、高分辨、可在线检测等优点被广泛的应用与痕量气体探测领域,而频率调制光谱(FMS)技术由于其除了探测灵敏度高的优点外且可同时探测气体样品的吸收和色散,通常还被应用于原子分子物理、量子光学等领域。发展全光纤FMS可以在保持气体探测灵敏度的同时有效简化实验装置,然而FMS是一项偏振态敏感技术,光纤温度变化等引起不适当的偏振态变化会诱发残余幅度调制(RAM),该RAM不仅使FMS线型扭曲,同时对其色散信号产生直流偏置,因此研究光纤温度对RAM特性的影响具有非常重要的意义。研究首先通过理论和实验验证了相位可控波片模型解释保偏光纤特性的可行性,然后实验测量了进入电光调制器(EOM)前保偏光纤温度对RAM的影响,发现由RAM引起的色散光谱直流偏置随温度呈正弦变化,且在24和26.8 ℃时直流偏置为零,即无RAM的状态,然而基于温度的直接RAM消除无法替代Wong-Hall提出的伺服反馈控制来实现其长期抑制,这种温度诱发RAM的变化也是所有FMS色散信号背景漂移的主要原因。     

相干叠加脉冲锁模激光器调制特性的研究

本文在理论上发现了相干叠加脉冲锁模激光器的调制特性,并对其进行了全面的分析和计算.对于相干叠加脉冲锁模激光器的脉冲压缩及调制特性给予了详尽的数值计算结果和清晰的物理图象的解释,并提出利用相干叠加脉冲锁模激光器的调制特性产生更短脉冲的可能性.     

Modulation of the microwave quantum-magneto-absorption

Modulation of the quantum electromagnetic excitations in bismuth is reported. The effect is shown as peculiar of these excitations and an explanation in terms of a previous theory is given.     

Modulation spectroscopy under uniaxial stress

During the past several years the combination of modulation spectroscopy and static uniaxial stress has been developed into a powerful tool for the investigation of the relationship between the optical properties of semiconductors and their electronic energy bands. Studies of the stress-induced splittings and shifts of energy levels and oscillator strengths as well as the dependence of the induced fine structure on polarization direction and strain configuration have produced a wealth of information concerning the intrinsic properties of the undeformed crystal such as symmetries of interband optical transitions, deformation potentials, spin-exchange interaction of excitons, etc. Symmetry assignments are of considerable value for comparison with band structure calculations while the latter parameters are of significance for comparison with theories based on model calculations and systematic trends such as ionicity. This paper will review experiments and theories dealing with the effects of static uniaxial stress on those optical properties of semiconductors related to the intrinsic properties of the material with special emphasis on the modulated optical spectra.     

Modulation resonance in a laser

The response of the active atoms of an operating laser to the modulation of their energy intervals by an external field is theoretically investigated. On the condition that the active atoms are strongly saturated by off-resonant laser radiation, the resonant peculiarities take place in response to the modulating field.     

Modulation instability: The beginning

We discuss the early history of an important field of “sturm and drang” in modern theory of nonlinear waves. It is demonstrated how scientific demand resulted in independent and almost simultaneous publications by many different authors on modulation instability, a phenomenon resulting in a variety of nonlinear processes such as envelope solitons, envelope shocks, freak waves, etc. Examples from water wave hydrodynamics, electrodynamics, nonlinear optics, and convection theory are given.     

Modulation instability in filamentary self-compression

We numerically analyze filamentary propagation for various media and input pulse parameters and show that temporal self-compression can greatly benefit from refocusing events. Analyzing the dynamical behavior in the second focal spot, it turns out that a dispersive temporal break-up may appear due to the emission of a hyperbolic shock wave from the self-steepened trailing edge of the pulse. This break-up event in the refocus enhances the self-compression capabilities of laser filaments, enabling up to 12-fold temporal compression. Only slightly perturbing the input pulse parameters, we further identify a regime in which refocusing events give rise to extended subdiffractive propagation in a weakly ionized channel.     

Modulation instability of whistler waves

The Karpman and Krushkal criterion has been applied to nonlinear Schrödinger equation derived for whistler waves propagating through magnetoplasma containing parallel electrostatic field. The role of parallel electrostatic field on the frequency spectrum and growth rate of modulational instability has been discussed.     

相位调制锁定光学谐振腔

通过对单频激光的相位调制，利用光学谐振腔的色散曲线得到鉴频信号，将一个环形谐振腔和一个驻波揩振腔锁定在激光的频率上。     

Modulation spectroscopy on anisotropic systems

Results of modulation spectroscopy on the anisotropic materials trigonal Se and the layer structure compound MoS₂ are presented. Particularly in the case of selenium, the application of modulation spectroscopy leads to considerably better understanding of the band structure. In both materials, strong electric field induced changes of the optical properties are observed which cannot be interpreted by an interaction of the external field with the electronic states but which result indirectly from an interaction of the external field with the lattice.     

一种快速的调制度测量轮廓术

调制度测量轮廓术是一种垂直测量的三维面形测量方法,可以测量表面有剧烈变化的复杂物体.提出了一种基于正交方向空问载频的快速调制度测量轮廓术.该方法将两个具有一定间距且正交的正弦光栅同时成像在被测物体上,并使被测物体位于两个光栅成像面之间.采用空间频域滤波将正交光栅图像分离,得到被测物体经正交光栅调制的两个调制度图像,利用其比值和高度的对应关系恢复出物体高度.该方法只需采集一幅图像,即可恢复出物体高度,具有三维信息实时采集的特点.实验结果表明,利用该方法可以快速且较为准确地恢复出物体的高度信息.