HT—7托卡马克中等离子体平衡研究

本文解决了二维轴对称近似下带铁芯的托卡马克中等离子体平衡问题，计算了ＨＴ－７托卡马克中的等离子体平衡位形以及极向场系统的非线性电感和垂直场系数。最后应用Ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ方程组和平衡垂直场公式得到了一组等离子体，加热场和垂地直场线圈的电流波形的自洽曲线。     

预试环实验

本文叙述加热场与垂直场分开供电后预试环所作的氢气击穿、平衡、杂散场测量、垂直场波形调整和放电清洗等实验。得到了重复性较好的托卡马克等离子体,其电流峰值为10kA,持续时间2.5ms。     

HT-6A托卡马克平衡系统的实验

本文叙述了HT-6A托卡马克平衡系统及第一期平衡实验结果.讨论了HT-6A上铜壳对平衡的贡献;观察到改变垂直场形态因子n而产生的水平位移及垂直位移不稳定现象;介绍了正常放电时的平衡实验,观察到等离子体位移与MHD扰动是紧密相连的;用沙弗拉诺夫薄壳理论计算了对多大的等离子体电流应施加多大的垂直场,结果与实验完全符合。     

托卡马克极向场线圈的优化方法

托卡马克等离子体的三角形变和拉长比对约束和磁流体稳定性有很强的影响，因此在托卡马克装置极向场设计中，在基于物理和工程考虑所预先选定的等离子体平衡位形几何参数下，如何优化确定外部极向场线圈位置和电流，是一个具有重要实际意义的研究课题.为优化确定托卡马克极向场线圈，给出了一个有效的多变量平衡优化方法，能以事先规定的等离子体平衡位形的一些几何参数为目标函数，优化确定极向场线圈位置和电流.并应用它于HT-7U平衡位形计算，得到了所需的结果. 关键词： 等离子体平衡 极向场线圈 优化     

HL-2A装置偏滤器位形研究

1研究方法 等离子体边界是托卡马克平衡运行时等离子体截面的极向磁通函数的等高线，它决定等离子体位形。位形是托卡马克装置实验和工程设计的重要参数，它是由等离子体电流及其分布以及外极向场线圈电流配置共同决定的。     

张量等离子体中等压面对于磁面的偏离

利用张量等离子体的平衡方程,研究了托卡马克等离子体中由各向异性引起的等压强面相对于碰面的偏离及其变化规律,并对张量等离子体的自由边界平衡问题进行了计算。等压强面相对于碰面的偏离与压强的剖面分布有密切关系,且在各向异性较强的等离子体中,平行和垂直压强分量等值面的偏离行为是完全不同的。     

HL-1装置等离子体平衡的实验研究

用对称磁探针测量了HL-1装置等离子体环的水平位移和垂直位移,经微机数据处理系统即时给出了位移随时间的变化曲线,并对装置的杂散场情况作了讨论。实验表明,平衡场和杂散垂直场的合成场能保证等离子体平衡在孔栏中心附近的位置。     

CT-6装置上铜壳电流的测量

在托卡马克装置中,导体壳的设置对放电时产生的等离子体起反馈平衡作用。理想导体壳产生的垂直磁场为 其中,Ⅰ为等离子体环电流;R为大半径:α为小半径;β_θ=8πP/Bθα;6为壳半径。 在非理想导体壳(如铜壳、铝壳)情况下,所产生的磁场相对减小。CT-6托卡马克(见图1)的实验中,证实了这种平衡作用的存在。放电时,一旦等离子体产生,铜壳感生电流     

EAST装置等离子体放电位形快速识别研究

为了适应超导托卡马克装置EAST位形控制运行模式的需要，研究了等离子体放电位形快速识别算法，给出了等离子体放电位形重建的模拟计算结果，并与美国GA平衡反演程序EFIT计算的平衡结果进行了详细的误差对比分析.结果表明，通过外部磁测量和合适的电流剖面模型，并结合实时平衡重建算法可以快速地对EAST等离子体放电位形进行识别. 关键词： 托卡马克 等离子体 平衡重建 数值模拟     

HL-2A装置杂质线辐射测量的初步结果

杂质作为等离子体和第一壁相互作用的产物，由于能强烈地影响等离子体品质而一直是人们关注的焦点之一。杂质作为托卡马克中热辐射和冷电子的来源，影响等离子体能量和粒子的平衡，进而影响等离子体密度、温度和电流的分布，制约着托卡马克等离子体的输运和稳态运行。     

带铁芯托卡马克装置的等离子体平衡数值解法

本文提出一种计算铁芯变压器托卡马克装置中等离子体平衡的数值方法。将铁芯对等离子体平衡的影响等效地看作外部线圈电流的作用,这样问题就转化为求解空芯变压器装置的等离子体平衡问题。这一方法的另一特点是计算区域减至最小。     

HL—IM装置等离子体MHD平衡问题分析

本文论述了用二维轴对称平衡模型计算和分析带铁芯变压器的HL-1M装置等离子体MHD自洽平衡问题。对固定边界和自由边界的等离子体平衡分别作了计算,给出了等离子体平衡的计算结果和磁通量图的研究结果,为HL-1M装置极向场系统设计和建造提供了可靠的数据,也为将来装置的运行提供了很好的数值编码。     

Plasma shape optimization for EAST tokamak using orthogonal method

It is necessary to reduce the currents of poloidal field(PF) coils as small as possible, during the static equilibrium design procedure of Experimental Advanced Superconductive Tokamak(EAST). The quasi-snowflake(QSF) divertor configuration is studied in this paper. Starting from a standard QSF plasma equilibrium, a new QSF equilibrium with 300 kA total plasma current is designed. In order to reduce the currents of PF6 and PF14, the influence of plasma shape on PF coil current distribution is analyzed. A fixed boundary equilibrium solver based on a non-rigid plasma model is used to calculate the flux distribution and PF coil current distribution. Then the plasma shape parameters are studied by the orthogonal method. According to the result, the plasma shape is redefined, and the calculated equilibrium shows that the currents of PF6 and PF14 are reduced by 3.592 kA and 2.773 kA, respectively.     

Instability of equilibrium of the liquid dielectric surface and formation of regular cellular structures in the field of a corona discharge

It has been established experimentally that the equilibrium of the plane surface of transformer oil under a corona electrode (needle) becomes unstable when the critical voltage, which increases with the oil layer thickness, is attained at the corona point. When the voltage at the needle exceeds the critical value, regular static cells are formed on the oil surface with characteristic sizes decreasing upon an increase in voltage. The theoretically estimated parameters of the experiment are found to be close to the experimental data. Comparison of the parameters corresponding to the occurrence of instability in the equilibrium of the oil surface in the field of the corona discharge with the parameters of instability in the equilibrium of the charged surface of liquid helium in a uniform electric field [7] demonstrates the similarity of the effects.     

铁芯变压器对极向场的影响

本文叙述了对HL-1装置铁芯变压器作无限长均匀磁化假定后,给出了极向场线圈(包括等离子体电流环)在空气区产生的磁场解析表达式,及数值计算,并在一比四模拟变压器上做了实验,计算结果与实验结果符合。     

Temperatures and charged particle densities in a metal-halide arc lamp; comparison of nonequilibrium spectroscopy and thermochemical calculations

Mass and energy spatial flows within high-pressure lighting plasmas containing metal halides may affect the plasma state of equilibrium. In this study, the effect of the thermochemical equilibrium assumptions on the determination of the plasma parameters in a sodium-iodide arc lamp is experimentally investigated. The electron temperature and electron, mercury-ion, and sodium-ion density as a function of the radial distance from the arc axis in a sodium-iodide arc lamp are determined using an emission spectroscopy technique, which is free of equilibrium assumptions. Comparison of the results with those assuming thermochemical equilibrium shows that the actual plasma state differs from that at equilibrium. Possible factors causing the observed differences are discussed.     

负载配置对进入射频管热丝脉冲能量的影响

大功率高压脉冲变压器次级双绕组灯丝馈电时，两绕组平衡不良及负载不对称配置可能引起脉冲能量严重进入射频管热丝，影响进入热丝脉冲能量的因素有负载配置方式，两绕组平衡程度，脉冲宽度及幅度，平衡电容的大小，等效灯丝阻抗及脉冲变压器本身的有关参数等，其中主要因素为负载配置方式。定量分析表明：负载对称配置具有明显的优越性；     

Monochromatic and mean radiative properties of astrophysical plasma mixtures in nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium regime

Radiative-hydrodynamics and radiative transfer simulations of astrophysical plasmas require the determination of radiative properties. However, most of the plasma radiative properties are calculated assuming the plasma in coronal equilibrium or local thermodynamic equilibrium regimes that is often not the case for many scenarios. In this work, we present nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium calculations of radiative opacities of Fe and S and of an astrophysical plasma mixture for temperatures larger than 100 eV. We also analyze the departure from local thermodynamic equilibrium simulations.     

Derivation of reference distribution functions for Tokamak-plasmas by statistical thermodynamics

A general approach for deriving the expression of reference distribution functions by statistical thermodynamics is illustrated, and applied to the case of a magnetically confined plasma. The local equilibrium is defined by imposing the minimum entropy production, which applies only to the linear regime near a stationary thermodynamically non-equilibrium state and the maximum entropy principle under the scale invariance restrictions. This procedure may be adopted for a system subject to an arbitrary number of thermodynamic forces, however, for concreteness, we analyze, afterwords, a magnetically confined plasma subject to three thermodynamic forces, and three energy sources: (i) the total Ohmic heat, supplied by the transformer coil; (ii) the energy supplied by neutral beam injection (NBI); and (iii) the RF energy supplied by ion cyclotron resonant heating (ICRH) system which heats the minority population. In this limit case, we show that the derived expression of the distribution function is more general than that one, which is currently used for fitting the numerical steady-state solutions obtained by simulating the plasma by gyro-kinetic codes. An application to a simple model of fully ionized plasmas submitted to an external source is discussed. Through kinetic theory, we fixed the values of the free parameters linking them with the external power supplies. The singularity at low energy in the proposed distribution function is related to the intermittency in the turbulent plasma.