眼镜式立体显示中的串扰分析及消除方法研究

随着立体显示技术的广泛应用,立体显示图像质量受到了越来越多的重视。目前,串扰现象是影响立体显示技术中图像质量和观看舒适度最主要的因素之一。为消除眼镜式立体显示技术中的串扰现象,提出了一种基于图像处理的串扰消除方法。该方法从观看者的角度出发,将观看通道与非观看通道具有相同灰度时透过观看通道眼镜测得的亮度定义为理想输出亮度,利用亮度计测量得到的眼镜式立体显示器的光输出特性,经过计算得到左右视图灰度查找表,应用左右视图灰度查找表在显示立体图像时消除串扰。分析结果表明,提出的方法平均串扰减少率的理论值高达75%。同时,提出的方法合理利用了非观看通道的漏光等串扰信号,将立体图像亮度提高了12%。提出的方法应用简单,同时适用于时间复用和空间复用的眼镜式立体显示技术。     

立体显示器质量测试与性能分析研究

立体显示技术是当今信息显示的前沿和热点方向,其终端显示的图像质量也逐渐引起注意.本文针对立体显示过程中的质量问题,给出了影响立体显示器显示质量的因素,如串扰、可视角、亮度、双眼亮度差、亮度均匀性等指标的测量和评估方法.基于当前最流行的LCD显示屏和PDP显示屏样本进行了测试,比较了不同尺寸和不同制式立体显示屏各种测量值之间的差异.通过分析实验数据,得出了上述测量指标对不同立体显示屏的影响.结果表明:快门式立体电视采用PDP屏幕的串扰度要远远低于采用LCD屏幕的串扰度,拥有更广阔的可视角范围.     

消除自由立体显示串扰的定向背光源设计

定向背光柱透镜光栅式多视点自由立体显示器的串扰和亮度均匀性问题是影响其广泛应用的主要因素之一.本文通过分析串扰产生的原因,根据偏轴光线的成像光学原理,推导出液晶显示屏光开关板列单元与柱透镜组成的偏轴光学系统的参数计算式.提出一种液晶显示屏光开关蝶形单元结构,设计了采用该蝶形单元的定向背光自由立体显示背光源模组.模拟仿真结果表明:所设计的定向背光自由立体显示背光源可消除自由立体显示的串扰;在视点平面90%观看区域的串扰度小于0.5%,光束10%峰值宽度的串扰面积比γ=0,光束90%峰值宽度比普通液晶单元结构的增大37%,改善了不同位置观看图像亮度变化大的问题.     

基于TracePro的狭缝光栅自由立体LED显示器件的串扰仿真

利用TracePro仿真软件对狭缝光栅自由立体LED显示器件的串扰进行仿真。首先,通过对狭缝光栅的设计原理分析,并基于LED模块的发光像素面积2 mm×2 mm,黑矩阵的面积1 mm×1 mm,设定最佳观看距离为5 m的两视点狭缝光栅自由立体LED显示器件,计算出光栅的狭缝宽度和挡光宽度都为2.87 mm。其次,利用这些参数,通过TracePro软件建立狭缝光栅自由立体LED显示器件的仿真模型,通过仿真运算得到左、右视频的光照度分布图,并通过归一化发现它们的光照度均匀性较差,观看时会导致"眩晕"现象。最后,借助自由立体显示器件串扰的测量方法,根据仿真左、右视频照度分布图的交叉曲线,定性分析了仿真结果,并结合Orign 9.1软件定量对仿真的串扰值进行计算,得出其串扰值为42.4%。这为进一步优化狭缝光栅自由立体LED显示器件的设计和性能提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

基于插值算法的立体显示的图像合成与嵌入式实现

在多视点自由立体显示中,针对柱透镜光栅参数与显示器像素不匹配造成的串扰问题,提出利用图像插值的合成方法对图像进行缩放处理。以9视点为例,提出缩放比例系数k,实现双线性插值算法的改进。嵌入式样机测试结果表明,该方法能够满足显示器像素宽度与柱透镜参数的完全匹配,串扰度从13.55%降低到1.40%,降低了12.15%,图像分辨率明显提高,立体显示效果更好。     

多视点自由立体显示串扰分析与视区仿真

对多视点自由立体显示的串扰成因进行了分析,推导出了无串扰观看点与光栅参数之间的关系;然后分别对垂直于显示器方向和平行于显示器方向的串扰进行了分析与计算,得到了屏前三维空间的串扰分布情况.仿真结果表明,沿显示屏幕垂直方向的视区范围大于水平方向的视区范围,而且在水平平行于屏幕的方向上,每一个视点存在多个理论无串扰观测点,但在垂直于屏幕方向上,每个视点只存在一个理论无串扰观测点.最后通过对屏前三维区域视点光强进行仿真,进一步验证了串扰计算的准确性,为自由立体显示系统的最佳设计与具体实现奠定了仿真基础.     

多光谱分孔径同时探测系统偏振定标方法

介绍了多光谱分孔径同时探测系统的偏振定标方法。根据探测系统的特点,分析引起探测系统偏振效应的主要因素,包括偏振片消光比、装配误差导致的检偏器透过轴角度偏差和绝对光谱响应度;推导带有偏振片消光比、角度偏差和绝对光谱响应度的系统探测矩阵;设计具体实验,并求解系统探测矩阵中的未知定标数据;利用偏振度可调的光源对偏振定标方法及定标数据进行验证。结果表明,使用490,670,870,1610nm波段,在输入偏振光的偏振度为20%时,测得偏振度的偏差分别为0.74%,0.01%,0.80%,0.59%,满足探测系统对实际偏振测量精度指标的要求。所提出的偏振定标方法有效可行,为该探测系统的实际应用提供了基础。     

三片式液晶投影仪的立体视觉研究

基于对三原色信号进行偏振特性的分析,提出了一种在三片式液晶投影显示设备上实现立体显示的新方法。该方法利用红色和蓝色信号光与绿色信号光在偏振方向上正交的特性,在信号通道之间引入视差,实现了三维立体显示。因此这种方法被称为补色偏振体视。介绍了该方法的基本原理,并详细叙述了用PHOTOSHOP软件制作补色偏振立体图对的方法。     

影响伪装目标偏振检测的偏振方向研究

基于Stokes矢量和Mueller矩阵,推导了任意偏振方向的线偏振度表达式。在入射面内改变探测角和偏振方向,通过实验室和野外偏振检测实验验证了推导结果,并以目标与背景偏振度对比为主要指标研究了影响伪装目标偏振检测的偏振方向因素。研究结果表明:探测角在镜面反射方向附近,不同偏振方向的偏振度对比波动较小;虽然野外环境的结果波动稍大,但当以偏振片最大透光轴方向垂直于入射面为参考方向时,偏振方向间隔60°和45°的偏振度对比较间隔30°稳定;计算表明偏振图对比度明显高于强度图对比度,间隔60°的偏振度对比较高,间隔45°的次之,间隔30°的偏振度对比较差,偏振检测效果不佳。     

自由立体显示器中锯齿状交错狭缝光栅的设计

光栅式自由立体显示由于易存在莫尔条纹和串扰的问题而影响其显示效果.利用斜光栅可减轻莫尔条纹但增加了视点间的串扰.本文提出一种减轻莫尔条纹的光栅设计方法,同时对可视区域影响较小.设计中对光栅进行分段,并将相邻两段狭缝错开一定距离.该方法能减小通过同一狭缝看到两相邻子像素之间的黑条的比例,获得较宽且较淡的莫尔条纹,从而减轻了视觉干扰.仿真结果表明该光栅相比传统垂直光栅,莫尔条纹亮度下降了108.1%,而可视区域仅减小32.8%,具有较高的实用价值.     

Three-Dimensional Large Screen Display Using Polymer-Dispersed Liquid-Crystal Light Valves and a Schlieren Optical System: Proposal and Basic Experiments

A novel three-dimensional (3-D) projection display used with polarized eyeglasses is proposed. It consists of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal-light valves that modulate the illuminated light based on light scattering, a polarization beam splitter, and a Schlieren projection system. The features of the proposed display include a 3-D image display with a single projector, half size and half power consumption compared with a conventional 3-D projector with polarized glasses. Measured electro-optic characteristics of a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal cell inserted between crossed polarizers suggests that the proposed display achieves small cross talk and high-extinction ratio.     

A novel configuration of LCD projectors for efficient orthogonal polarization of two projected views

In this paper, a novel configuration of LCD projectors for efficiently polarized stereoscopic projection with improved light efficiency is presented. In the proposed scheme, polarization orientations of the analyzers in the LCD engine of one projector are rotated by 90° with respect to those of the other one, so it causes to rotate orientations of polarized outputs by 90° as well as to change operational modes of LCD panels from the normally black mode to the normally white mode or vice versa. Then, by exchanging the green color components between the modified and original LCD projectors, two orthogonally polarized views for stereoscopic projection could be obtained without use of external polarizers. Analysis on the operational mode conversions of the LCD engines with rotation of the analyzers is discussed and its experimental results are provided.     

Anisotropy induced in a silver-chloride emulsion by two incoherent and perpendicular light vibrations

After a report on the composition of two incoherent rectilinear vibrations with perpendicular polarizations, we suggest in this paper a method of extraction of the difference between two images in incoherent and polarized light. The images, perpendicularly polarized, are simultaneously recorded on a silver chloride emulsion H where an optical anisotropy is induced only in the areas where the incident intensity distributions are not identical. After exposure, H, observed between crossed polarizers, displays the difference between the two original images in its image plane. In addition, it is shown that the sign of this difference is retrieved by means of the dichroism of the plate.     

基于双路偏振影像分光的立体视觉

提出使用金属薄膜对双路偏振影像进行分光以实现三维立体视觉.由两台相同的液晶显示器出射的线偏振光分别被超薄铝膜反射和透射.由于超薄金属膜的光学常数与膜的厚度相关,采用分段线性函数建立铝膜的厚度与体积分数的关系,进而用Sheng模型估计铝膜的光学常数.证明了反射光和透射光都是椭圆偏振光且主轴接近垂直,从而可以通过偏振方向互相垂直的偏振片将两者加以区分,并使观察者对液晶显示器的图像产生深度感.考虑到双目入射光强度的均衡,计算了最优的铝膜厚度.实验结果与理论分析完全符合,验证了方法的正确性. 关键词： 立体视觉 液晶显示 光学常数 超薄金属膜     

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Large Screen Display Using Polymer-Dispersed Liquid-Crystal Light Valves and a Schlieren Optical System

The performance of a novel three-dimensional (3-D) image projector with polarized glasses is analyzed that consists of polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal light valves and a Schlieren optical system. The cross-talk and the extinction-ratio characteristics of the new 3-D display have been calculated by means of Mueller matrices. Quantitative analyses show that the proposed display achieves small cross talk of less than 1% and sufficient extinction ratio almost the same as the light valve.     

The impact of the orientation angles uncertainty of instrument polarizers on polarization measurement accuracy

Improving the polarimetric measurement accuracy of the polarization CCD camera is a fundamental task in the remote sensing of the earth. This paper presents a simple approach for estimating the degree of polarization errors caused by the orientation angles uncertainty of the instrument polarizers. We show that the measured degree of polarization error for a certain orientation angle of the instrument polarizers in the same spectral band depends on the polarization state (polarization angle or degree of polarization) of the incident light. In order to evaluate the polarimetric measurement performance of the instrument, the average degree of polarization error is defined based on the assumption that the incident light beams have equal polarization angle probability. The simulated test showed that the average degree of polarization errors of the 3 polarized spectral bands in the airborne polarization CCD camera is nearly equal because of the same orientation angles uncertainty of the instrument polarizers, though the instrument polarizers in the 3 polarized spectral bands are equipped a little differently; the instrument often encounters a large average degree of polarization errors for the large degree of polarization of the incident beams.     

生物组织多光谱偏振特性研究

生物组织内部结构复杂且具有较强的散射特性,而光作为生物组织检测的重要信息载体,其自身特性包括颜色、幅值、偏振等都对信息获取有较大的影响.结合偏振成像,对生物组织多光谱偏振特性展开了研究,依据不同微粒尺寸的分布建立了均匀单层生物组织模型,结合瑞利和米氏散射理论模拟了基于单个微粒的两种散射事件.瑞利散射具有较好的前向后向散...     

Stereoscopic Full-Color Light Emitting Diode Display Using Parallax Barrier for Different Interpupillary Distances

The viewing areas of stereoscopic full-color light emitting diode (LED) displays using parallax barriers are investigated for viewing by observers with different interpupillary distances. We have developed stereoscopic full-color LED displays using three types of parallax barriers for different interpupillary distances. Experiments on distance perception of stereoscopic targets have been conducted with the stereoscopic LED displays using parallax barriers, as well as a stereoscopic LED display using polarizing eyewear. It was shown that enlargement of the viewing area allows several viewers with different interpupillary distances to view a stereoscopic image. It is suggested that parallax barriers designed for narrower interpupillary distances than the viewer’s own provide a viewer with stereoscopic perception.     

Electro- and magneto-optical switching of defect modes in one- dimensional photonic crystals

The transmission spectra of polarized light waves in a photonic crystal/liquid crystal (PC/LC) cell placed between crossed polarizers and controlled by an electric or magnetic field have been studied experimentally and theoretically. Electro- and magneto-optical switching based on the interference of polarized defect modes has been demonstrated. The transmission spectra of the PC/LC cell have been calculated as a function of the voltage applied to the LC layer and the magnetic field strength. The results of the calculations agree well with the experimental data.