基于超强耦合量子点-纳米机械振子系统的全光学质量传感

提出一种复合量子点-纳米机械振子系统,该系统以半导体芯片为基底,量子点嵌入倒置半导体圆锥纳米线的底端,通过光学抽运-探测技术来驱动量子点-纳米机械振子系统,研究该系统中的相干光学特性.通过探测吸收谱给出确定机械振子频率和量子点-纳米机械振子耦合强度的全光学方法.此外,基于该系统理论上提出一种在室温下的全光学质量传感方案.通过测量吸收谱中附着在机械振子上纳米颗粒的质量引起的共振频移,可间接测出额外纳米颗粒的质量.与先前的复合纳米机械振子系统相比,系统中的激子-声子耦合强度的数值可与振子频率比拟,可实现超强耦合,有利于相干光学特性的观测,在超高精度及高分辨率质量传感器件方面有着潜在应用.     

原子类原子系统光学特性的量子相干调控应用基础研究

简要介绍了在原子类原子小量子系统光学特性的量子相干调控应用基础研究方面所取得的一些成果,主要包括周期调制场控制弱光孤子传输、光学腔超窄线宽输出、非对称双量子阱中光学前驱波的分离以及极性分子系统中的电磁诱导透明现象等.     

圆形吸收体复合抛物聚光器面形模型研究及仿真验证EI北大核心CSCD

固定光口聚光太阳能系统具有宽带集热温度、无需跟踪装置、无机械运动、易于集成构建、运行状态稳定等优点,因此针对圆形吸收体太阳能复合抛物聚光器(CPC)关键部件面形结构进行了研究。理论构建了圆形吸收体CPC面形结构模型,并获得其解析解。运用光学设计软件TracePro验证所构建理论模型的光学特性。利用圆形吸收体CPC面形光学特性,构建了CPC耦合太阳能集热系统,并建立其光学特性计算方法。针对所构建系统的光学特性进行了数值计算,结果表明所构建系统的采光量较真空管太阳能集热系统有所提高,平均提高比例为34.57%。     

圆形吸收体复合抛物聚光器面形模型研究及仿真验证

固定光口聚光太阳能系统具有宽带集热温度、无需跟踪装置、无机械运动、易于集成构建、运行状态稳定等优点,因此针对圆形吸收体太阳能复合抛物聚光器(CPC)关键部件面形结构进行了研究。理论构建了圆形吸收体CPC面形结构模型,并获得其解析解。运用光学设计软件TracePro验证所构建理论模型的光学特性。利用圆形吸收体CPC面形光学特性,构建了CPC耦合太阳能集热系统,并建立其光学特性计算方法。针对所构建系统的光学特性进行了数值计算,结果表明所构建系统的采光量较真空管太阳能集热系统有所提高,平均提高比例为34.57%。     

太阳能热电互补高效空调系统应用

介绍一种由太阳能集热子系统(SES)、喷射子系统(ES)、机械压缩子系统(CRS)组成的热电互补高效空调系统(HEACS)。充分利用两种能源及各制冷方法的优点,通过能源特性匹配和制冷方法互补的途径,改善压缩式子系统的工作条件,提高复合制冷系统性能的同时节约高品位电能。通过实验分析太阳能集热子系统及喷射子系统的工作特性,并选取工作工况,为其应用于复合式系统提供研究基础及依据,进而测试热电互补高效空调系统性能。实验结果显示:与相同工作条件下的单压缩制冷循环相比,喷射/压缩复合式制冷循环运行工况的性能系数提升约30%,节电优势显著。     

深海光学照明与成像系统分析及进展

深海光学成像系统分为4个子系统:照明系统、相机系统、图像处理系统以及数据存储与传输系统,本文对深海光学成像系统化研究与发展趋势展开分析。文中有针对性地对深海光学成像最前端的两个子系统-照明系统与相机系统进行了较为详细地阐述。其中,深海照明系统进一步细分为3个更小的系统:光源系统、配光系统以及灯阵系统;对于深海相机系统则根据其应用领域及技术特点细分为水下普通成像、激光成像、偏振光成像、3D/全景成像、显微成像以及光谱成像6类。从近年来国内外深海光学成像的发展历史及现状来看,其未来的发展趋势可以归结为以下几点:更高的分辨率,更深的工作深度,更大的观测范围以及更多样的成像方式。     

自适应控制飞行光学聚焦特性

 在对高阶模飞行光学聚焦特性进行研究的基础上，提出了应用自适应飞行光学聚焦系统来解决飞行光学聚焦特性的问题，对自适应飞行光学聚焦系统的调节特性进行了数值模拟，结果表明该系统能够实现对长距离飞行光学激光加工过程中焦点位置与焦斑大小的控制。     

受扰统一混沌系统基于RBF网络的主动滑模控制

针对受外扰影响的统一混沌系统,提出一种基于径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的主动滑模自适应控制方法.将被控系统分解为受控子系统和自由子系统,利用主动控制思想,建立受控子系统在目标点处的状态误差的可控标准型,设计出一个结构简单的基于滑模趋近率在线参数整定的RBF函数神经网络控制器,并且基于Lyapunov稳定性理论分析了系统的稳定性.仿真结果表明该控制器对系统参数突变和外部干扰具有鲁棒性,同时抑制了抖振. 关键词： 统一混沌系统 主动控制 滑模控制 RBF网络     

掺杂石墨烯系统电场调控的非线性太赫兹光学特性研究

石墨烯是单原子厚的二维狄拉克相对论费米子系统,其优秀的光电学性质得到了广泛的关注和研究. 本论文利用量子理论研究掺杂石墨烯系统外电场和光场共同作用下的非平衡载流子的非线性太赫兹光学性质. 研究发现,掺杂石墨烯带内光吸收表现出强的非线性太赫兹光学特性. 随着外加偏压电场的增大,石墨烯非线性光学响应增强;随着外界太赫兹光频率的减小,非线特性增强. 研究表明通过改变电场强度,可以有效调节石墨烯系统太赫兹非线性光学特性. 研究结果为探索和发展以石墨烯为基础的新型纳米太赫兹光电器件的研究和实际应用提供了理论依据. 关键词： 石墨烯 太赫兹 非线性 光电流     

两子系统在周期切换连接下的振荡行为及其机理

研究了两非线性系统在周期切换连接下的分岔和混沌行为.通过局部分析,分别给出了两子系统参数空间诸如Fold分岔、Hopf分岔等临界条件,进而考虑两子系统存在不同稳态解时通过周期切换连接下的复合系统的分岔特性,给出了不同的周期振荡行为,并揭示了其相应的产生机理.指出系统轨迹可以由切换点分割成不同的部分,分别受两子系统的控制,而随参数的变化,切换点数目成倍增加,导致系统由倍周期分岔序列进入混沌.同时,在其演化过程中,虽然子系统定性保持不变,但由于切换导致的非光滑性,复合系统不仅仅表现为两子系统动力特性的简单连接,而是会产生各种分岔,导致诸如混沌等复杂振荡行为.     

Characterization of a low concentrator photovoltaics module

Low concentration photovoltaic (LCPV) systems have the potential to reduce the cost per kWh of electricity compared to conventional flat-plate photovoltaics (PV) by up to 50%. The cost-savings are realised by replacing expensive PV cells with relatively cheaper optical components to concentrate incident solar irradiance onto a receiver and by tracking the sun along either 1 axis or 2 axes. A LCPV module consists of three interrelated subsystems, viz., the optical, electrical and the thermal subsystems, which must be considered for optimal module design and performance. Successful integration of these subsystems requires the balancing of cost, performance and reliability. In this study LCPV experimental prototype modules were designed, built and evaluated with respect to optimisation of the three subsystems and overall performance. This paper reports on the optical and electrical evaluation of a prototype LCPV module.     

Exploring local quantum many-body relaxation by atoms in optical superlattices

We establish a setting-atoms in optical superlattices with period 2-in which one can experimentally probe signatures of the process of local relaxation and apparent thermalization in nonequilibrium dynamics without the need of addressing single sites. This opens up a way to explore the convergence of subsystems to maximum entropy states in quenched quantum many-body systems with present technology. Remarkably, the emergence of thermal states does not follow from a coupling to an environment but is a result of the complex nonequilibrium dynamics in closed systems. We explore ways of measuring the relevant signatures of thermalization in this analogue quantum simulation of a relaxation process, exploiting the possibilities offered by optical superlattices.     

水资源时延控制模型及研究

水资源系统是由水资源自然分系统和人工分系统合成的复杂大系统.把设计修建的水资源工程视作安装于自然系统上的一个控制器,同时考虑当前状态量与时延量的制约关系.首次建立了一个由流域、湖泊及引水工程等组成的非线性水资源时延控制数学模型,讨论了该类系统的稳定性、最优控制、次优控制等理论,最后给出次优控制的数值计算及结果.     

Optical Communications Research at Institute of Telecommunications

Abstract

In this contribution we present a brief summary of research activities carried out at Instituto de Telecomunicações (IT, Institute of Telecommunications) in optical communications. These activities cover various aspects related with optical components/subsystems, optical communication systems, and optical networking.     

Master equations for correlated quantum channels

We derive the general form of a master equation describing the reduced time evolution of a sequence of subsystems "propagating" in an environment which can be described as a sequence of subenvironments. The interaction between subsystems and subenvironments is described in terms of a collision model, with the irreversible dynamics of the subenvironments between collisions explicitly taken into account. In the weak coupling regime, we show that the collisional model produces a correlated Markovian evolution for the joint density matrix of the multipartite system. The associated Lindblad superoperator contains pairwise terms describing cross correlation between the different subsystems. Such a model can describe a broad range of physical situations, ranging from quantum channels with memory to photon propagation in concatenated quantum optical systems.     

Efficient parametric uncertainty analysis within the hybrid Finite Element/Statistical Energy Analysis method

This paper is concerned with the development of efficient algorithms for propagating parametric uncertainty within the context of the hybrid Finite Element/Statistical Energy Analysis (FE/SEA) approach to the analysis of complex vibro-acoustic systems. This approach models the system as a combination of SEA subsystems and FE components; it is assumed that the FE components have fully deterministic properties, while the SEA subsystems have a high degree of randomness. The method has been recently generalised by allowing the FE components to possess parametric uncertainty, leading to two ensembles of uncertainty: a non-parametric one (SEA subsystems) and a parametric one (FE components). The SEA subsystems ensemble is dealt with analytically, while the effect of the additional FE components ensemble can be dealt with by Monte Carlo Simulations. However, this approach can be computationally intensive when applied to complex engineering systems having many uncertain parameters. Two different strategies are proposed: (i) the combination of the hybrid FE/SEA method with the First Order Reliability Method which allows the probability of the non-parametric ensemble average of a response variable exceeding a barrier to be calculated and (ii) the combination of the hybrid FE/SEA method with Laplace's method which allows the evaluation of the probability of a response variable exceeding a limit value. The proposed approaches are illustrated using two built-up plate systems with uncertain properties and the results are validated against direct integration, Monte Carlo simulations of the FE and of the hybrid FE/SEA models.     

基于2D微电子机械系统(MEMS)镜全向激光雷达光学系统设计

为了满足全向激光探测的需求,提出一种基于2DMEMS镜扫描的激光雷达结构。激光器通过1×6高速光开关分时地给6个扫描子系统提供光信号,6个扫描子系统探测视场叠加起来可实现360°激光探测。每个扫描子系统的扫描范围为60°×30°,其中包含一个扩展MEMS镜扫描角度的发射光学天线和一个大视场有增益的接收光学天线。发射光学天线将MEMS镜±10°的扫描角扩展到±30°,发散度小于0.2mrad;接收视场内的激光波经过接收天线在探测器上所成的半像高小于1mm,接收增益为3.65。通过计算修正后的激光雷达方程可得到发射功率20 W的激光束在工作距离100 m内的回波功率≥1 nW,结果表明该光学系统可适用于激光雷达系统。     

Effective resonance transitions in quantum optical systems: Kinematic and dynamic resonances

We show that quantum optical systems preserving the total number of excitations admit a simple classification of possible resonant transitions (including effective ones), which can be classified by analyzing the free Hamiltonian and the corresponding integrals of motion. Quantum systems not preserving the total number of excitations do not admit such a simple classification, so that an explicit form of the effective Hamiltonian is needed to specify the allowed resonances. The structure of the resonant transitions essentially depends on the algebraic properties of interacting subsystems. Paper submitted by the authors in English on 30 May 2006.     

Virtual quantum subsystems

The physical resources available to access and manipulate the degrees of freedom of a quantum system define the set A of operationally relevant observables. The algebraic structure of A selects a preferred tensor product structure, i.e., a partition into subsystems. The notion of compoundness for quantum systems is accordingly relativized. Universal control over virtual subsystems can be achieved by using quantum noncommutative holonomies     

Optical transfer functions of Kerr nonlinear cavities and interferometers

We present the optical transfer functions for third-order nonlinear cavities that involve an optical carrier frequency and its modulation sideband fields. Our approach is based on linearized transformations and provides a convenient tool to calculate squeezed light sources as well as complex interferometer topologies, containing subsystems that involve intensity dependent phase shifts, i.e., optical Kerr media. As the result we present the noise spectral density of a Michelson interferometer with Kerr nonlinear arm cavities and resonant sideband extraction and find that quantum noise can be squeezed by arbitrary amounts even outside the cavity linewidth. Such a system might apply for future gravitational wave detectors or simply for a continuous wave source of squeezed states.