原子吸收光谱中火焰法和石墨炉法测定中草药中铜元素的比较研究

分别采用火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定5种中草药中铜元素的含量,比较两种方法测定铜元素的优劣。浓硝酸和双氧水微波消解处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法分别测定其吸光度,校准曲线法计算元素含量。两种方法对于铜元素的检测有一定的差异,火焰法回收率在92.0%—102.0%之间,石墨炉法回收率在92.0%—110.0%。两种方法都能满足实验要求,但各有优点。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和ICP-AES测定水中镍的比较研究

通过对比石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和ICP-AES测定水中痕量镍的含量,发现ICP-AES具有直接进样、测量稳定、校准曲线线性范围宽等特点;而石墨炉原子吸收法需要较高的原子化温度,容易损坏石墨管.该方法经过t检验证明与标准方法无显著性差异,加标回收率为96.2%-105%,可以代替石墨炉原子吸收光谱法.     

中药无患子中金属元素的测定

本文采用火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法对中草药无患子茎部的Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ca、Pb的含量进行了测定,方法简单、精密度好、回收率在94.34%-104.60%之间,结果令人满意.     

水样中总铬测定方法研究

用石墨炉-原子吸收光谱法(GF-AAS)和高锰酸钾-二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法,对环境水中的总铬进行了比较测定.结果表明:两种方法测定总铬的各项指标均在要求范围内,两种方法测定结果的RSD值均≤4.7%,加标回收率在94.5%-110%之间;表明两种方法均可测定水中总铬;但是石墨炉-原子吸收光谱法操作简便快速,更稳定.     

浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测中成药镉残留量

建立了中成药镉残留量的浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法。样品先经消解,再以非离子表面活性剂浊点萃取富集消解液中的镉,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定镉含量。本方法检出限可达0.008ng/mL;加标回收率94.0%—108.5%;线性范围为0—10ng/mL(r=0.9995)。结果表明,采用浊点萃取可提高石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测镉的灵敏度、准确性、重复性和抗干扰能力。     

甲基异丁基酮（MIBK）萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定卤水中的镉

试验了萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定卤水中的镉,结果表明MIBK萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法灵敏度高、操作简便快速、易于掌握,检出限为0.05μg·L^-1,加标回收率为94.0%—101%,准确度好。     

固体进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱技术在测定大鼠脑铁含量中的应用

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法是测定动物脑组织Fe含量的常用方法,然而由于传统的液体进样方法中,样品前处理阶段用硝酸消解周期长,成本高耗时长,限制了原子吸收光谱技术在测定动物组织中Fe含量的应用。文章以SD大鼠脑部海马、纹状体、皮层为实验材料,采用固体进样器进样,利用石墨炉原子吸收光谱技术对各组织中的Fe含量进行了测定,并与传统法方法——硝酸消解样品后,液体进样的石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定结果做了比较,结果表明这两种方法所测结果无显著性差异,但应用固体进样法,样品前处理阶段明显简单,显著节省了样品准备时间,降低了工作量,使测定时间明显缩短,成本明显降低,并且能够有效避免外界因素对测定结果的影响,为固体进样法的进一步应用奠定了基础。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法测定汽油中的锰

用微波消解方法处理汽油样品,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定汽油中锰含量,建立了用微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定汽油中锰含量的新方法。用正交试验法考察了消解时间、温度、微波功率和酸度对消解效果的影响,确定了最佳微波消解条件。研究结果显示：测定汽油样品中锰含量时相对标准偏差（n=11）≤4.12%,加标回收率在96.5%—110.2%之间。方法具有测定精密度好、样品用量少、操作简单、环境友好等优点,可用于汽油样品中锰含量的测定。     

ICP-AES、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法及X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤中钒的比较

研究了土壤中钒的3种测定方法,ICP-AES、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和X射线荧光光谱法.其中ICP-AES选用谱线V 311.1nm,用干扰系数法,干扰系数用多个土壤标样的标准值和测定值的最小二乘法来确定;石墨炉原子吸收光谱法用新、旧石墨管(热解涂层),加与不加基体改进剂(硝酸镁)分别进行测试;X射线荧光光谱法样品无需前处理、无需做校准曲线,测定前仪器用自带校正钢片单点法进行校正.通过测试结果的比较得出:ICP-AES测定土壤标样中的钒,精密度高,准确度好,适合土壤中钒的实验室分析;石墨炉原子吸收光谱法灵敏度过高(高一个数量级),信号稳定性较差,对高温元素钒的测定最好加硝酸镁机体改进剂消除基体干扰且每只石墨管分析次数不超过100次;X荧光光谱法较适合于野外监测或土壤样品无损检测,操作方便快速.     

微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定藤黄中6种重金属含量

采用微波消解法消解中药藤黄,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定Mn、Cu、Fe的含量,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定Cr、Cd、Pb的含量,各元素测定相对标准偏差在0.99%-2.490之间,回收率在92.0%-102.0%之间,测定结果表明中药藤黄中的Mn、Cu、Fe、Cd、Pb元素含量分别为65.7、2.37、48.5、0.012...     

The Feasibility of Determining Iodine Directly by Atomic Absorption and Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The main resonance lines of iodine are in the vacuum ultra-violet region of the spectrum (178.3 and 183.Onm), where air and flame gases absorb very strongly. Thus, at first signt, it would appear impossible to determine iodine directly by atomic absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.     

原子捕集—火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钯

本文系统地考察了原子捕集测定钯的条件及十余种常见阳离子的干扰情况。在本文所述条件下,用镀Al_2O_3石英管所获得的原子捕集灵敏度较常规原子吸收光谱法高26倍,用K_2Cr_2O_7溶液喷镀的石英管较常规法高208倍。     

Atomic Beam Density Measurement for Spectroscopic Investigations

This paper presents a simple and effective method for obtaining the beam density, that is the number of atoms per unit volume of the beam, by measuring the change in the electrical resistance of a uniform strip of iron which is placed in the beam.     

The Z-dependence of the elastic scattering of γ-rays

The differential cross sections for elastic scattering of 662 keV and 279 keV γ-rays from Pb, Ta, Nd, Sn, Mo, and Zn have been measured at angles ranging from 45° to 135°. The results are compared with theoretical predictions taking into account Rayleigh scattering and nuclear Thomson scattering. The theoretical Rayleigh amplitudes are based on second order perturbation theory according to Brown et al. and on form factors calculated from relativistic HFS wave functions. A semi-empirical method of correcting the form factors is developed, valid for energies between 150 keV and 750 keV and charge numbers up to Z = 82. The average difference between calculated and measured differential cross sections was found to be 6%.     

Measurement of strong interaction effects in kaonic atoms

X-rays produced by kaons stopping in targets of O, Mg, Al, Si, S, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Cd, In and Sn have been observed. The shifts, widths and yields of the last observed mesic X-ray due to the effects of the strong interaction have been measured. The results are compared with optical-model predictions.     

Masses of Rb,Cs and Fr isotopes

The results of the direct mass measurements of the unstable isotopes of Rb, Cs and Fr are rewritten in a form-linear combination of masses-which allows a direct analysis with other experimental data. An up-to-date least-square adjustment which takes into account new reference masses is subsequently performed. A systematic study of isomers is carried out for evaluating isomeric corrections to apply to the measured masses in order to obtain the ground-state masses.     

Measurements of the polarization of the 2p and 1s states in muonic atoms and the helicity of the muon in pion decay

We have measured the polarization of the 2p and 1s states in muonic selenium (amorphous and metallic modifications), cadmium, palladium and iodine, in order to study the depolarization of muons in the cascading process and to measure the helicity of the μ^?. In the cases of cadmium, palladium and amorphous selenium good agreement between the measurements and cascade calculations is found. There is an unexpected depolarization of the 2p_{$\text{1}\text{2}$} state in metallic selenium. The helicity of the muon after the pion decay was measured to h_μ^? = + 0.99 ± 0.16.     

Experimental study of pionic Ca and Ti and examination of the pion-nuclear potential for low-Z nuclei

We report the measurement of the strong interaction shifts and widths of the 3d → 2p transitions in pionic ^{40,42,43,44,48}Ca and ^46,48,50Ti. Using these new data in combination with earlier low-Z pionic data (6 ≦ Z ≦ 16), we have studied, in a purely phenomenological way, the pion-nuclear optical potential. Employing nuclear-structure information from Hartree-Fock calculations and measured charge densities, we have fitted the pion-nuclear potential parameters to the pionic atom data. The effect of adding an isovector dependence to the s- and p-wave two-nucleon terms has been investigated. We have also explored the sensitivity of these data to the value of the Lorentz-Lorenz parameter ξ. A small but definite sensitivity to the latter parameter has been observed with the best fit value of ξ being significantly greater than 1. We have used the phenomenological potentials to determine the neutron radii of the Ca and Ti isotopes and, in fact, find reasonable agreement with Hartree-Fock predictions and with the results of other hadronic probes.     

Measurement of pionic and muonic X-rays IN B

The energies of muonic 2p-1s X-rays in ¹⁰B and ¹¹B have been measured to be 52217(8) eV and 52279(5) eV, from which the rms nuclear charge radii were calculated to be 2.44(6) fm and 2.38(4) fm. The energies and widths of pionic 2p-1s X-rays have been measured in ¹⁰B to be 65901(13) eV and 1780(30) eV, and in ¹¹B to be 65120(26) and 1720(80) eV. The sensitivity of the strong interaction shift to the neutron matter distributions has been investigated using an optical-model approach. The results of these calculations are not in good agreement with the experimental results when reasonable values of the nuclear matter distributions are used.