异戊二烯解离光电离理论研究

利用CBS-QB3理论计算方法研究了异戊二烯的可能解离通道.获得了主要碎片离子C₅H₇⁺,C₅H₅⁺,C₄H₅⁺,C₃H₆⁺,C₃H₅⁺,C₃H₄⁺,C₃H₃⁺的C₂H₃⁺的结构以及这些解离通道的解离能,并给出了相应的过渡态和中间体的结构和位垒.得到的异戊二烯电离势及主要碎片离子的出现势均与实验值符合的较好.最后,通过理论和实验结果的对比讨论了各通道的解离机理.     

1,4-二氧六环的真空紫外同步辐射光解离电离研究

The photoionization and photodissociation of 1,4-dioxane have been investigated with a reflectron time-of-flight photoionization mass spectrometry and a tunable vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation in the energy region of 8.0-15.5 eV. Parent ion and fragment ions at m/z 88, 87, 58, 57, 45, 44, 43, 41, 31, 30, 29, 28 and 15 are detected under supersonic conditions. The ionization energy of DX as well as the appearance energies of its fragment ions C₄H₇O₂⁺, C₃H₆O⁺, C₃H₅O⁺, C₂H₅O⁺, C₂H₄O⁺, C₂H₃O⁺, C₃H₅⁺, CH₃O⁺, C₂H₆⁺, C₂H₅⁺/CHO⁺, C₂H₄⁺ and CH₃⁺ was determined from their photoionization efficiency curves. The optimized structures for the neutrals, cations, transition states and intermediates related to photodissociation of DX are characterized at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level and their energies are obtained by G3B3 method. Possible dissociative channels of the DX are proposed based on comparison of experimental AE values and theoretical predicted ones. Intramolecular hydrogen migrations are found to be the dominant processes in most of the fragmentation pathways of 1,4-dioxane.     

Dissociative photoionization of l-menthone: An experimental and theoretical study

The dissociative photoionization mechanism of l-menthone has been investigated with photoionization mass spectrometry using synchrotron radiation. The adiabatic ionization energy (IE) of l-menthone and the appearance energies (AE) of its major fragment ions C₉H₁₅O⁺, C₉H₁₇⁺, C₈H₁₆⁺, C₇H₁₁O⁺, C₆H₁₀O⁺, C₆H₉O⁺, C₅H₈O⁺, C₅H₁₀⁺, C₄H₆O⁺, C₅H₉⁺, C₄H₈⁺, C₄H₇⁺, C₃H₇⁺, C₃H₆⁺, C₂H₂O⁺, and CH₃⁺ are determined with their photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra in the photon energy region of ∼8−15.5 eV. Breakdown diagrams identifying the major products are presented. Dissociative photoionization channels for formation of these fragment ions are proposed based on comparison of determined experimental appearance energies and energies predicted with the DFT calculations. According to our results, the experimental dissociation energies are in fair agreement with the theoretical values of the possible photodissociation channels of C₁₀H₁₈O.     

卡培他滨、5''-脱氧-5-氟胞苷和5''-脱氧-5-氟尿苷的真空紫外光电 离、光解离

利用红外激光解吸/真空紫外光电离质谱方法, 研究了核苷类抗癌药物卡培他滨及其代谢物5'-脱氧-5-氟胞苷和5'-脱氧-5-氟尿苷的光电离、光解离过程. 较低光子能量下, 可在质谱图上观察到分子离子峰及少量碎片离子, 增加光子能量使碎片离子峰大量出现. 另外对三种核苷的特征碎片, 如(M- H₂O)⁺、(Base+H)⁺、(Base+2H)⁺、(Base+30)⁺、(Base+60)⁺及戊糖离子进行了归属,并对可能的解离路径进行了讨论. 利用量子化学从头算方法研究了三种核苷可能的脱羟基过程及相应能量.     

HFC-152a的同步辐射真空紫外光电离和光解离研究

利用同步辐射真空紫外光，研究了HFC-152a(CH₃CHF₂)的光电离和光解离过程，通过测量各离子的光电离效率曲线，得到了该分子的电离能(11.94±0.04eV)和所有碎片离子的出现势，运用GAUSSIAN-03程序计算了母体和碎片及相应离子的结构、电子态和能量. 结合理论计算的结果，分析了母体离子可能的光电离解离通道及相关通道的解离能. 关键词： 同步辐射 光电离 出现势 HFC-152a     

三氯乙烯的真空紫外同步辐射光电离和光解离

利用真空紫外(VUV)同步辐射光源和反射式飞行时间质谱仪，在超声冷却条件下对三氯乙烯(C₂HCl₃)进行了光电离研究，通过测量各离子的光电离效率(PIE)曲线，得到了C₂HCl₃的电离势P_I(C₂HCl₃)=9.51±0.05eV，以及C₂HCl₃光解离碎片离子的出现势(P_A)：P_{关键词： 同步辐射光电离 电离势 出现势 三氯乙烯}     

An experimental study of the premixed benzene/oxygen/argon flame with tunable synchrotron photoionization

A comprehensive experimental study of the premixed benzene/oxygen/argon flame at 4.0 kPa with a fuel equivalence ratio (?) of 1.78 has been performed with the tunable synchrotron photoionization and molecular-beam sampling mass spectrometry. Isomers of most observed species in the flame have been unambiguously identified by measurements of the photoionization efficiency spectra. Mole fraction profiles of species up to C₁₆H₁₀ have been measured at the selective photon energies near ionization thresholds, and the flame temperature profile is obtained using Pt/Pt-13%Rh thermocouple. Compared with previous studies on benzene flames by Bittner and Howard, and by Defoeux et al., a number of new species are observed in the present work. These new combustion intermediates should be included in the kinetic models of the growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzene oxidation. Free radicals detected in the flame include CH₃, C₂H, C₂H₃, C₂H₅, C₃H, C₃H₃, C₃H₅, C₄H, C₄H₃, C₄H₅, C₄H₇, C₅H₃, C₅H₅, C₅H₇, C₆H₅, C₆H₅O, C₇H₇, and C₉H₇. More significantly, isomers of some PAHs have been identified, which should be of importance in understanding the mechanism of soot formation.     

杂环分子-吗啉在同步辐射真空紫外光下的光电离解离研究

本文采用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱法和理论计算方法,研究了吗啉单体的光电离、解离及随后的裂解反应.实验测得吗啉单体的垂直电离能为8.37 eV(±0.05),与理论计算值8.41 eV相当吻合.实验观察到荷质比为86、57和29的吗啉碎片离子.实验和理论结果表明:荷质比为86的碎片是通过失去氢原子而产生的,而荷质比为57的碎片是通过开环消除CH_2O而形成的;荷质比为29的碎片是通过消除C_2H_4从碎片离子(C_3H_7N)~+(m/z=57)进一步解离而产生的.这一发现为研究脂肪族化合物的光损伤提供了有价值的见解,可能被转化为活细胞和其他生物系统.     

Assessment of the nature of interactions of cations with cycloheptatriene derivatives using change in the aromaticity: Comparison with electron density and NBO results

ABSTRACT

Interactions of cycloheptatriene derivatives, C₇H₆X, (X?=?NH, PH, AsH, O, S, Se) with the cations H⁺, CH₃⁺, Cu⁺, Al⁺, Li⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺ are studied using B3LYP functional and 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The calculated gas-phase cation affinities (CA) and cation basicities (CB) for all molecules decrease as H⁺ > CH₃⁺ > Cu⁺ > Al⁺ > Li⁺ > Na⁺ > K⁺. We used the induced aromaticity in the 7-membered ring of C₇H₆X upon interaction with the cations, M⁺, as a measure of C₇H₆X/M⁺ interaction. Nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) and harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) were used as two indices of aromaticity. The highest and lowest induced aromaticities were observed for interactions of H⁺ and K⁺, respectively. Also, the aromaticity induced by interaction with a cation in C₇H₆AsH and C₇H₆PH was larger than that in C₇H₆NH and C₇H₆O. Hence, the aromaticity was considered as a measure of covalency for the C₇H₆X/M⁺ interactions showing a rational dependence on both the molecule and cation. The nature of the interactions was also assessed using electron density, charge distribution analysis and NBO calculations. The results of the aromaticity indices, NICS and HOMA, were compared with the electron density and NBO results.     

II. Electron-impact dissociative excitation of C<Subscript>2</Subscript>H<Stack><Subscript>2</Subscript><Superscript>+</Superscript></Stack> and C<Subscript>2</Subscript>D<Stack><Subscript>2</Subscript><Superscript>+</Superscript></Stack>

Absolute cross-sections for electron-impact dissociative ionization of C₂ H₂⁺ and C₂ D₂⁺ to CH⁺, C⁺, C₂⁺ , H⁺, CH₂⁺ and C₂D⁺ fragments are determined for electron energies ranging from the corresponding threshold to 2.5 keV. Results obtained in a crossed beams experiment are analyzed to estimate the contribution of dissociative ionization to each fragment formation. The dissociative ionization cross sections are seen to decrease for more than an order of magnitude, from CH⁺ (5.37±0.10) × 10^-17 cm² over C⁺ (4.19± 0.16) × 10^-17 cm², C₂D⁺ (3.94±0.38) × 10^-17 cm², C₂⁺ (3.82±0.15) × 10^-17 cm² and H⁺ (3.37±0.21) × 10^-17 cm² to CH₂⁺ (2.66±0.14) × 10^-18 cm². Kinetic energy release distributions of fragment ions are also determined from the analysis of the product velocity distribution. Cross section values, threshold energies and kinetic energies are compared with the data available from the literature. Conforming to the scheme used in the study of the dissociative excitation of C₂H₂⁺ ( C₂ D₂⁺ )\left( {\rm C}_2 {\rm D}_2^+ \right), the cross-sections are presented in a format suitable for their implementation in plasma simulation codes.