非Kolmogorov大气湍流对部分相干厄米高斯光束传输因子的影响

基于非Kolmogorov谱模型,利用广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理和维格纳分布函数的二阶矩定义,推导出部分相干厄米高斯(H-G)光束在非Kolmogonov大气湍流中传输因子的解析表达式,并用以研究了非Kolmogorov大气湍流对部分相干H-G光束传输因子的影响。结果表明,部分相干H-G光束在非Kolmogorov大气湍流中传输时,传输距离、湍流外尺度、广义结构常量和空间相关长度越小,湍流内尺度和光束阶数越大,光束传输受非Kolmogorov大气湍流影响越小,光束质量越好。当广义指数取3.11时,部分相干H-G光束在传输过程中表现的光束质量最差。     

湍流大气中斜程传输部分相干光的光束扩展

运用维格纳分布函数与广义惠更斯菲涅耳原理,推导出部分相干光束在任意折射率起伏功率谱模型的大气湍流中斜程传输时,其束宽传输的一般解析表达式。在此基础上,以部分相干平顶(PCFT)光束为例,给出了PCFT光束在大气湍流中斜程传输的束宽扩展解析表达式。在合肥地区大气折射率结构常数高度分布模式下开展了数值计算和分析,并与水平传输时的结果进行了比较。研究结果表明,光束在斜程传输时的束宽不仅与光束阶数、空间相干度、束腰半径、湍流的强弱和传输距离有关,还与天顶角密切相关。光束的阶数越高,空间相干性越差,天顶角越小,则其束宽扩展受湍流的影响就越小。当天顶角小于60°时,大气湍流对斜程传输光束束宽的影响明显小于水平传输的情况。     

大气湍流尺度对部分相干光传输特性的影响

本文在考虑湍流内外尺度的情况下,对部分相干高斯谢尔模型光束在大气湍流中的传输特性进行了研究.主要采用考虑湍流内外尺度的修正Von Karmon谱模型,推导了部分相干光在大气湍流中的平均光强分布、光束扩展均方根束宽和漂移方差的解析式.对比分析了不同湍流强度情况下,湍流内外尺度对部分相干光在大气湍流中水平和斜程路径上传输特性的影响.结果表明:相同条件下,光束在大气湍流中传输时,沿斜程传输时的抗湍流能力强于水平传输;相比于大气湍流内尺度,大气湍流外尺度对光束漂移影响较大,外尺度对光束扩展与光强分布的影响较小,当湍流外尺度增大时,漂移现象会越来越严重;相比于大气湍流外尺度,湍流内尺度对光束扩展与光强分布的影响较大,当内尺度减小时,光束扩展现象越来越严重,光强分布也更分散,内尺度对漂移几乎无影响.     

部分相干厄米-高斯列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的方向性

推导出了部分相干厄米-高斯(H-G)列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的二阶矩束宽和远场发散角的解析公式。采用远场发散角作为光束方向性的评价参数,研究了部分相干H-G列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的方向性。研究表明:在一定条件下,部分相干H-G列阵光束与对应的高斯光束不论在自由空间还是湍流大气中均具有相同的方向性。此外,进一步研究发现,在自由空间中,由远场发散角和归一化远场平均光强分布所表征的部分相干H-G列阵光束的方向性是不一致的,但湍流可以使得两种描述相一致。这一结论与高斯-谢尔模型(GSM)列阵光束的相关结论存在差异。在自由空间中,与高斯光束具有相同远场发散角的非相干合成的GSM列阵光束与对应的高斯光束具有相同的归一化远场光强分布。     

双曲余弦高斯列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的角扩展及方向性

 采用积分变换,推导出了双曲余弦高斯（ChG）列阵光束通过湍流大气传输的二阶矩束宽和角扩展的解析公式,给出了ChG列阵光束与一束高斯光束具有相同角扩展的条件。研究表明:相干合成的ChG列阵光束的角扩展比非相干合成的小,但是,非相干合成的ChG列阵光束的角扩展受湍流影响比相干合成ChG光束小;相干合成情况下,ChG列阵光束的角扩展随离心参数、束腰宽度和相对子光束间距的变化均出现振荡,但在湍流中的振荡减弱,非相干合成情况下,ChG列阵光束的角扩展与相对子光束间距和光束数无关。     

大气湍流中光束束宽扩展和角扩展的比较研究

以厄米-双曲余弦-高斯（H-ChG）光束为例,对H-ChG光束通过大气湍流传输时的束宽扩展和角扩展做了详细研究.用相对束宽和相对角扩展代替束宽和角扩展来研究湍流对光束影响的灵敏程度.研究表明,折射率结构常数C²_n越小,光束束宽扩展和角扩展越小.有较大阶数m,n,较小参数Ω₀和束腰宽度w₀ H-ChG光束的角扩展受湍流影响较小.当传输距离足够远时,这一结论对H-ChG光束的束宽扩展也成立.当传输距离不长时,对H-ChG光束相对束宽随Ω₀和w₀的变化规律做了分析.用数值计算例做了说明,并对结果的正确性做了物理解释.厄米-高斯,双曲余弦高斯和高斯光束在大气湍流中的扩展可作为H-ChG光束的特例来处理. 关键词： 束宽扩展和角扩展 大气湍流 厄米-双曲余弦-高斯光束     

部分相干涡旋光束通过大气湍流上行和下行传输的比较研究

基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,以高斯-谢尔模型(GSM)涡旋光束作为典型的部分相干涡旋光束,推导出GSM涡旋光束通过大气湍流斜程传输的平均光强、均方根束宽和交叉谱密度函数的解析表达式,并用以研究了大气湍流中上行和下行对GSM涡旋光束传输和对相干涡旋的影响.结果表明,在相同条件下,GSM涡旋光束下行传输受大气湍流的影响要小于上行传输,下行传输时相干涡旋拓扑电荷守恒距离要长于上行传输.对所得结果做了物理解释. 关键词： 部分相干涡旋光束 相干涡旋 大气湍流 上行和下行传输     

激光通过非Kolmogorov大气湍流传输光束扩展区间的研究

激光通过大气湍流传输,光束扩展主要由空间衍射和大气湍流两个物理机制确定,而大气湍流对光束扩展的影响又与光束空间衍射特性相关。研究了部分相干厄米-高斯(H-G)光束通过非Kolmogorov大气湍流传输光束扩展区间问题,把光束扩展按传输距离划分为三个区间,造成这三个区间的光束扩展的主要物理机制依次是:空间衍射、空间衍射和大气湍流、大气湍流。详细研究了部分相干H-G光束参数和大气湍流参数对这三个区间范围大小的影响,以及第一个光束扩展区间与光束瑞利区间的关系,并对主要结果给出了合理的物理解释。     

大气湍流对部分相干厄米-高斯光束空间相干性的影响

基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,并采用Rytov相位结构函数二次近似,推导出了部分相干厄米-高斯(H-G)光束通过大气湍流传输的光谱相干度公式,研究了湍流对光束的空间相干特性的影响.研究表明,部分相干H-G光束通过大气湍流传输其光谱相干度会出现振荡和相位奇异现象,但随着湍流的增强,振荡减弱,直至振荡和相位奇异现象消失,这一特性与高斯-谢尔模型光束的差异很大.光束的相干参数越小,光束空间相干性受湍流的影响也越小.此外,还研究了光谱相干度二阶矩宽度与光谱强度二阶矩宽度间的关系,得到一些有意义的结果,并给出了合理的 关键词： 部分相干厄米-高斯光束 大气湍流 光谱相干度 二阶矩宽度     

部分相干光在大气湍流中斜程传输路径上的展宽与漂移

基于Andrews和Philips经典漂移方差模型,利用部分相干高斯-谢尔光束在大气湍流中斜程传输的光束扩展半径,推导出考虑外尺度情况时部分相干高斯-谢尔光束斜程情况下的漂移方差表达式,应用随高度变化的大气结构常量模型进行数值计算,对比分析了部分相干光和完全相干光在大气湍流中的展宽和漂移特性.结果表明:相同的传输条件下,部分相干光比完全相干光的光束扩展更迅速,受湍流的影响也更小;初始半径越大,接收机高度越高,光束的扩展效应越小;随着传输距离的增大,光束的质心漂移方差随光束初始半径的增大而减小,不同相干性的光束漂移方差变化很小;完全相干光的光束漂移受波长的影响较小,而部分相干光的波长越长,漂移越明显.     

Propagation of partially coherent beams carrying an edge dislocation through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path

This paper derives the explicit expressions for the average intensity, beam width and angular spread of Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beams with edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path. The propagation of GSM beams with edge dislocation through horizontal atmospheric turbulence can be treated as a special case through a slant one. The propagation properties of GSM beams with edge dislocation through slant atmospheric turbulence are studied, where the influence of edge dislocation parameters including the slope p and off-axis distance d on the spreading of GSM beams with edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence is stressed. It shows that the spreading of the intensity profile of GSM beams with edge dislocation along a slant path is smaller than that along a horizontal path in the long-distance atmospheric propagation. The larger the slope vert pvert and the smaller the off-axis distance vert dvert are, the less the beam-width spreading and angular spread of GSM beams with edge dislocation are affected by turbulence. The GSM beams with edge dislocation is less affected by turbulence than that of GSM beams without edge dislocation. The results are illustrated numerically and their validity is interpreted physically.     

Partially coherent vortex beams propagating through slant atmospheric turbulence and coherence vortex evolution

Using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the quadratic approximation of the phase structure function, and taking the Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) vortex beam as a typical example of partially coherent vortex beams, the explicit expressions for the cross-spectral density function and average intensity of GSM vortex beams with topological charge m=+1 propagating through slant atmospheric turbulence are derived, and used to study the propagation properties of GSM vortex beams in atmospheric turbulence along a slant path and evolution behavior of coherence vortices. It is shown that the spreading of GSM vortex beams along a horizontal path is larger than that along a slant path in the long atmospheric propagation. The propagation through horizontal atmospheric turbulence can be treated as a special case of the altitude-independent structure constant. The position of coherence vortices in slant atmospheric turbulence does not coincide with that in horizontal atmospheric turbulence, and the dependence of position of coherence vortices on the zenith angle, wavelength and reference point is illustrated by numerical examples. A comparison with the previous work is also made.     

Influence of atmospheric turbulence on the propagation of superimposed partially coherent Hermite-Gaussian beams

The influence of atmospheric turbulence on the propagation of superimposed partially coherent Hermite-Gaussian (H-G) beams is studied in detail. The closed-form propagation equation of superimposed partially coherent H-G beams through atmospheric turbulence is derived. It is shown that the turbulence accelerates the evolution of three stages which superimposed partially coherent H-G beams undergo. The turbulence results in a beam spreading and a decrease of the maximum intensity. However, the larger the beam number M, the beam order m, the separate distance x_d, and the smaller the beam correlation length σ₀ are, the less the power focusability of superimposed partially coherent H-G beams is affected by the turbulence. Specially, superimposed partially coherent H-G beams are less sensitive to turbulence than superimposed fully ones, and than partially coherent H-G beams if the beam power focusability and the maximum intensity are taken as beam criterions. However, the maximum intensity of superimposed partially coherent H-G beams is less sensitive or more sensitive to turbulence than that of superimposed Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beams depending on σ₀.     

Propagation properties of partially coherent Hermite–cosh-Gaussian beams through atmospheric turbulence

The analytical expression of partially coherent Hermite–cosh-Gaussian (HChG) beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence is derived and used to study their propagation properties through atmospheric turbulence. It is shown that partially coherent HChG beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence undergo several stages of evolution and a decrease of the spatial correlation length speeds up the evolution process. The smaller the spatial correlation length and the larger the beam orders are, the less the beam-width spreading of partially coherent HChG beams is affected by turbulence. At a sufficiently long propagation distance the beam-width spreading of partially coherent HChG beams with smaller Ch-part parameter and smaller waist width is less affected by turbulence. The results are illustrated by numerical examples, and the validity of the results is interpreted physically.     

The transformation of an edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence

The explicit expression for the cross-spectral density of partially coherent elliptical Gaussian beams carrying an edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path is derived, and used to study the transformation of the edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence. We find that the edge dislocation disappears and transforms to a noncanonical coherence vortex, when partially coherent elliptical Gaussian beams with edge dislocation propagate through atmospheric turbulence. The inversion of the topological charge of the coherence vortex may take place. The ellipticity of the beam and slope of the edge dislocation play a dominant role in the evolution of the coherence vortex. In the coherent limit the coherence vortex in turbulence becomes an intensity vortex, however, differing from the case in free-space propagation, the position of the intensity vortex depends on the choice of the reference point. The results are illustrated analytically and numerically.