析相光度法测定铜（Ⅱ）的研究

本文研究了Ｃｕ－ＰＥＧ－ＤＤＴＣ（铜试剂）（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４体系的析相光度法并应用于测定Ｃｕ。最宜酸度为３．６－９．０（ＮａＡｃ－ＨＡｃ，ＮＨ４Ｃｌ－ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ）缓冲溶液，其络合物的最大吸收位于４５０ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为９．０５×１０＾３Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１，Ｃｕ浓度在０－３０μｇ／Ｌ范围内服从比耳定律，铜与ＤＤＴＣ形成组成为１：２的稳定络合物。该方法用于铝合金中铜的测定，获得了满     

新试剂2—（4—安替比林偶氮）—5—二乙氨基本胺与钯显色反应的研究及应用

在ｐＨ＝５．０ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲介质中,吐温－８０存在下,２－（４－安替比林偶氮）－５－二乙氨基苯胺（ＡＤＥＡ）与钯生成２：１红色络合物,λｍａｘ＝５３０ｎｍ,δ－６．１５×１０＾５Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１,钯的含量在０－２０μｇ／２５ｍＬ内符合比耳定律,本方法用于钯催化剂中痕量钯的测定,结果令人满意。     

O（^1D）＋H2非绝热碰撞动力学的Ehrenfest模型研究

本采用Ｈ２Ｏ的二个＾１Ａ１态的双值多体项展式（ＤＭＢＥ）势能函数，用Ｅｈｒｅｎｆｅｓｔ模型方法研究了反应（１）Ｏ（＾１Ｄ）＋Ｈ２→ＯＨ和（２）Ｏ（＾１Ｄ）＋Ｈ２→ＯＨ（Ａ＾２∑＾＋）＋Ｈ的非绝热碰撞动力学过程。讨论了电子非绝热跃迁对反应（１）的影响及Ｈ２振动能对反应（２）的促进作用。并求得反应（１）的室温速度常数为０．９４４×１０＾－＾１＾０ｃｍ＾３．ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ＾－＾１．ｓ＾－＾１。     

退色光度法测定痕量Cr(Ⅲ)的研究

基于在ＯＰ存在下,痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）可使萘酚绿Ｂ退色的反应,本文提出了一种应用新的退色光度法测定痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的方法,该方法线性范围为０．２４－３．００μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１,检出限为２．０５μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１。该方法用于模拟样品的测定,回收率为１００％－１０８％。     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的研究

在弱酸性介质中,利用铁（Ⅲ）对高磺酸钾氧化溴酚蓝的催化作用,建立了催化光度测定痕量铁（Ⅲ）的新方法。该方法线性范围在０－１．２μｇ／２５ｍＬ之间,检出限为３．１＊１０＾－１０ｇ．ｍＬ＾－１。测定出反应表观活化能为Ｅａ＝９８．６６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。此法用于水样中微量铁的测定,结果令人满意。     

用过氧化氢氧化溴邻苯三酚红的催化动力学光度法测定钢中的微量铬

提出了借助于微酸性溶液中用过氧化氢催化氧化溴邻苯三酚红测定微量铬（Ⅵ）的方法,研究了指示反应的最佳条件和各种离子的干扰影响。用Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ方程计算了催化与非催化反应表观活化能。校准曲线的线性范围为０．１－０．６μｇＣｒ（Ⅵ）／２５ｍＬ。检出限为９．１×１０＾－１０ｇ／ｍＬ。方法成功地应用于钢中微量铬的测定 。     

硫酸锰等样品中微量铁的分析研究

在ＰＨ１．５的氯乙酸介质中,铁（Ⅲ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ生成紫色络合物,表观摩尔吸光系数为６．０＊１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１,最大吸收波长为５８８ｎｍ,铁含量在０－１５μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定,该方法灵敏、简便,用于测定硫酸锰等样品中微量铁的测定,结果令人满意。     

Eu2（DBM）6 4,4‘—BIPY的合成,光谱及铕（Ⅲ）格位

合成了配合物Ｅｕ２（ＤＢＭ）６４，６｀－ＢＩＰＹ，ＩＲ和Ｒａｍａｎ光谱都证实了配合物的生成，７７Ｋ正派激发高分辨激光激发光谱和荧光光谱表明配合物存在＾５Ｄ０能级能量差别为１５ｃｍ＾－１的两种Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）格位，两种Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）离子均不位于对称中心，由＾５Ｄ０→＾７Ｄ０．１，２跃迁荧光光谱峰数判断，两种Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）格位的区域对称性均为Ｃ１或Ｃ２或Ｃ，两种格位Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）离子的发光寿命分别为０．３７ｍｓ和０．３     

流动注射-氢化物发生原子吸收法测定铁矿中砷、锑、铋含量

本文研究了流动注射－氢化物发生原子吸收法（ＦＩ－ＨＧ－ＡＡＳ）测定铁矿中痕量砷、锑、铋的分析方法,讨论了仪器工作参数、实验条件、基体的干扰。方法的ＲＳＤ分别为２．１、２．８、２．４％（n＝１１）,检出限为０．２０、０．５７、０．３２ｎｇ／ｍＬ,加标回收率为９７．２％－１０４．０％。     

双波长倍增差示法测定双嘧啶片中磺胺嘧啶和甲氧苄啶的含量

本论述了双波长倍增差示法同时测定了双嘧啶片中磺胺嘧啶（ＳＤ）和甲氧苄啶（ＴＭＰ）的含量，本法是基于测定标准溶液ＳＤ（８～１４）×１０＾－６ｇ／ｍＬ，ＴＭＰ（１～２）×１０＾－６ｇ／ｍＬ，和样品溶液在２４２．５ｎｍ和２２８．０ｎｍ处的吸收度。ＳＤ和ＴＭＰ的平均回收率与ＲＳＤ分别为１００．６０％，０．３３％，和９８．２７％，１．５８（ｎ＝２０）。本法简便快捷，结果满意。     

A Novel Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluoroimmunoassay for Carcinoembryonic Antigen Based on Water-Soluble Quantum Dots

Quantum dots are not widely used in clinical diagnosis. However, the homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay possesses many advantages over current methods for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a primary marker for many cancers and diseases. Therefore, a novel luminescent terbium chelates- (LTCs) and quantum dots-based homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay was developed to detect CEA. Glutathione-capped quantum dots (QDs) were prepared from oil-soluble QDs with a 565 nm emission peak. Conjugates (QDs-6 F11) were prepared with QDs and anti-CEA monoclonal antibody. LTCs were prepared and conjugates (LTCs-S001) were prepared with another anti-CEA monoclonal antibody. The fluorescence lifetime of QDs was optimized for sequential analysis. The Förster distance (R₀) was calculated as 61.9 Å based on the overlap of the spectra of QDs-6 F11 and LTCs-S001. Using a double-antibody sandwich approach, the above antibody conjugates were used as energy acceptor and donor, respectively. The signals from QDs were collected in time-resolved mode and analyzed for the detection of CEA. The results show that the QDs were suitable for time-resolved fluoroassays. The spatial distance of the donor-acceptor pair was calculated to be 61.9 Å. The signals from QDs were proportional to CEA concentration. The standard curve was LogY?=?2.75566?+?0.94457 LogX (R?=?0.998) using the fluorescence counts (Y) of QDs and the concentrations of CEA (X). The calculated sensitivity was 0.4 ng/mL. The results indicate that water-soluble QDs are suitable for the homogenous immunoassay. This work has expanded future applications of QDs in homogeneous clinical bioassays. Furthermore, a QDs-based homogeneous multiplex immunoassay will be investigated as a biomarker for infectious diseases in future research.     

Detection of carcinoembryonic antigen using functional magnetic and fluorescent nanoparticles in magnetic separators

We combined a sandwich immunoassay, anti-CEA/CEA/anti-CEA, with functional magnetic (~80 nm) and fluorescent (~180 nm) nanoparticles in magnetic separators to demonstrate a detection method for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Determination of CEA in serum can be used in clinical diagnosis and monitoring of tumor-related diseases. The CEA concentrations in samples were deduced and determined based on the reference plot using the measured fluorescent intensity of sandwich nanoparticles from the sample. The linear range of CEA detection was from 18 ng/mL to 1.8 pg/mL. The detection limit of CEA was 1.8 pg/mL. In comparison with most other detection methods, this method had advantages of lower detection limit and wider linear range. The recovery was higher than 94%. The CEA concentrations of two serum samples were determined to be 9.0 and 55 ng/mL, which differed by 6.7% (9.6 ng/mL) and 9.1% (50 ng/mL) from the measurements of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The analysis time can be reduced to one third of ELISA. This method has good potential for other biomarker detections and biochemical applications.     

荧光免疫及磁免疫层析法检测莱克多巴胺的研究

分别将量子点和超顺纳米磁珠作为荧光探针和磁信号探针应用于免疫反应中,构建了检测莱克多巴胺的荧光免疫和磁免疫层析的分析方法,并成功应用于尿液中莱克多巴胺的检测。两种方法均基于免疫竞争模式,在荧光免疫分析方法中,量子点偶联上识别莱克多巴胺的抗体,样品中莱克多巴胺和包被在ELISA板上莱克多巴胺的完全抗原竞争结合量子点,样品中莱克多巴胺的浓度越高,ELISA板上吸附的量子点越少,所测荧光强度值越低,该方法的检出限为1 ng·mL-1,检测时间为4 h。在磁免疫层析方法中,检测线上特异性捕获的纳米磁珠颜色的深浅和尿液中莱克多巴胺浓度成反比例关系,即莱克多巴胺的浓度越高,检测线的颜色越浅,该方法的定性检出限为10 ng·mL-1,检测时间为15 min。两种方法各有优缺点,基于量子点的荧光免疫分析法在痕量检测和定量分析方面具有优势,而磁免疫层析法更适合于现场快速检测。     

免疫纳米金催化氯金酸-盐酸羟胺光度法检测免疫球蛋白G

在pH 2.27的柠檬酸钠-盐酸缓冲溶液中,纳米金对氯金酸-盐酸羟胺生成较大粒径金颗粒这一慢反应具有较强的催化作用。较大粒径金颗粒在600～1 000 nm处有一个较宽的吸收峰。将纳米金标记羊抗人IgG获得免疫纳米金,免疫纳米金也具有相同催化效果。在一定条件下,金标记羊抗人IgG与IgG发生特异性结合生成纳米金免疫复合物。以16 000 rpm速度离心分离获得未反应的纳米金标抗上层溶液。以它作为催化剂催化氯金酸-盐酸羟胺微粒反应,700 nm处的吸光度A_{700 nm}线性降低。其降低值ΔA_{700 nm}与IgG在0.1～10 ng·mL-1范围内呈良好线性关系, 检出限为0.06 ng·mL-1。本法具有灵敏、快速和较高的特异性,用于定量分析人血清IgG,结果满意。     

时间分辨激光荧光光谱技术在免疫分析中的应用

本研究以时间分辨激发荧光光谱分析技术为基础 ,进行稀土离子标记的激光激发的时间分辨荧光免疫分析 (TRFIA)研究。实验以自行合成的二乙三胺五醋酸酐 (DTPAA)为双功能螯合剂。用 Eu3+标记兔抗人 (RAH) Ig G抗体 ,依据解离增强原理 (DEL FIA) ,研究了 Eu3+ -β萘甲酰三氟丙酮 (β- NTA)的荧光分辨体系 ,测定了荧光光谱和荧光寿命 ,建立了铕离子分析检出方法 ,其工作曲线范围为 1× 10 - 7～ 1× 10 - 1 1g· m L- 1 ,检测限为 1× 10 - 1 3g· m L- 1 ,相对标准偏差为 6 .4%。结合 TRFIA方法学研究 ,进行了人血清丙型肝炎病毒抗体 (Anti- HCV)检测。并同酶联免疫法 (EL ISA)对比。取得 TRFIA法阳性检测率明显高于EL ISA法的结果。     

6种不同取代基的双吖啶类探针的化学发光性质及其构效关系的研究

研究了10，10’-二甲基-9，9’-双吖啶二硝酸盐(DMBAI)N)；10，10’-二甲基-3，3’-二磺酸基-9，9’-双吖啶(I)MDSBA)；3，3’-二磺酸基-9，9’-双吖啶二硝酸盐(DSBADN)；10，10’-二乙羧基-9，9’-双吖啶硝酸盐(DEBADN)；10，10’一二甲基-3，3’-二氨基-9，9’-双吖啶(DMDABA)和10，10’-二(4-氨基丁基)-9，9’-双吖啶硝酸盐(DABADN)等6种9，9’-双吖啶类探针的化学发光性质，获得了9，9’-双吖啶类探针的结构与化学发光性质之间的某些关系，为设计合成新型用于化学发光免疫分析的高发光效率的9，9’-双吖啶类探针提供了一定的理论和实验依据。     

增强型酶催化发光免疫分析法高灵敏测定血清中心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ

基于辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）催化 H₂O₂-Luminol系统,对一种新型酚类衍生物 4-（1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基）苯酚对化学发光的增强作用进行了研究。用HRP标记急性心肌梗死标志物心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（cTnⅠ）单克隆抗体,通过cTnⅠ的双抗体夹心免疫反应,建立了简单、灵敏和快速检测人血清中的cTnⅠ含量的增强型酶发光免疫分析方法。实验结果表明,cTnⅠ在1.2 ~ 24 ng/mL浓度范围内与增强型发光强度具有良好的线性关系（R=0.99）,变异系数（n= 8）为 4.7%。最后,使用该方法对人血清样品中的cTnⅠ含量进行测定,测试结果具有较好的稳定性和精度,能够满足临床检测要求。     

免疫纳米金催化光度法测定痕量补体C3

在pH值为5.6的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸(Na₂HPO₄-C₆H₈O₇)缓冲溶液及PEG存在下,金标记羊抗人补体C3与补体C3发生特异性结合生成胶体金免疫复合物。以12 000 r·min-1速度离心分离获得未反应的免疫金上层溶液。以它作晶种,在pH 2.97柠檬酸钠-盐酸(Na₃C₆H₅O₇-HCl)缓冲溶液-53.33 μg·mL-1 HAuCl₄-74.13 μg·mL-1 NH₂OH·HCl溶液中及37 ℃恒温水浴条件下反应显色3 min内。结果表明,随着C3浓度增大,离心上层溶液中免疫金浓度降低,760 nm处的吸光度线性降低,测定C3的线性范围为0.025～0.60 ng·mL-1, 回归方程为ΔA_{760 nm}＝0.276c+0.025 4,相关系数(r)为0.990 3,检测限(3σ)为0.007 2 ng·mL-1。本法具有灵敏、快速和高的特异性,用于定量分析人血清补体C3,结果满意。     

睾酮—吖啶酯化学发光示踪剂的制备及评价

本文报道了10-甲基-吖淀-9-核酸[4-(N-睾酮-3-羧甲氧基肟)-氯乙基]苯酯(To-3-AEPMAC)的合成、理化鉴定和免疫学评价.制备方法类似于以往甾体激素全抗原的合成,产品的化学发光信号与噪声比高,可测限为0.18fmol,线性可测范围可达6个数量级以上,与抗睾酮血清结合不改变吖啶酯的化学发光动力学和发光效率;免疫化学最高结合率和非特异结合稳定,抗血清稀释曲线比较证明产品的免疫反应性基本无损失,优于鲁米诺及其衍生物制备的示踪剂,符合建立超微量免疫化学分析中标记化合物的要求.     

Detection of the potential tumor marker of AFP using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐based immunoassay

The development of rapid, highly sensitive detection methods for α‐fetoprotein (AFP) is very important. As hepatocellular carcinoma is closely related to the level of AFP in the blood, it is necessary to maintain an AFP concentration below the safety limit. In this paper, we propose a universal, rapid, sensitive, and highly specific immunoassay system utilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This new system features a sandwich structure combining mercaptobenzoic acid‐labeled immunogold nanoparticles with the antigen and the antibody atop a pre‐designed substrate made of a glass slide modified with AuNPs. This SERS‐based immunoassay can detect AFP concentrations as low as 100 pg/ml, which is a significant improvement on the capabilities of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. A good linear relationship between the SERS peak intensity and the logarithm of antigen concentrations (from 1 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml) was observed. This technique provides an effective model for the detection of biomarkers in medical diagnostics, criminal investigation, and other fields. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.