基于超导中继线圈的磁耦合谐振式无线传输系统的传输效率分析北大核心CSCD

磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术可以实现较远距离和较大功率的能量传输.由于它的便利性和安全性,它可以被应用到各种电子产品的无线充电技术中.但由于传输效率和传输距离等问题,它还不能实现商业化.针对这些问题,本文提出用超导中继线圈替换常规中继线圈的方案.超导线圈相对于常规中继线圈可以承载更大的电流密度,有更低的电阻和更高的品质因数(Q),因此它可以减少线圈自身的阻抗损耗,传输更多的能量.本文实验结果表明:在相同条件下超导线圈的品质因数是铜线圈的三倍左右;并证明用超导线圈作为中继线圈的磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输系统可以提高传输效率和增加传输距离.     

基于超导中继线圈的磁耦合谐振式无线传输系统的传输效率分析

磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术可以实现较远距离和较大功率的能量传输.由于它的便利性和安全性,它可以被应用到各种电子产品的无线充电技术中.但由于传输效率和传输距离等问题,它还不能实现商业化.针对这些问题,本文提出用超导中继线圈替换常规中继线圈的方案.超导线圈相对于常规中继线圈可以承载更大的电流密度,有更低的电阻和更高的品质因数(Q),因此它可以减少线圈自身的阻抗损耗,传输更多的能量.本文实验结果表明:在相同条件下超导线圈的品质因数是铜线圈的三倍左右;并证明用超导线圈作为中继线圈的磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输系统可以提高传输效率和增加传输距离.     

一种谐振式超导无线电能传输系统的实验研究

开展了铜线圈和超导线圈作为接收装置的磁耦合谐振式无线电能的实验研究。在340kHz的谐振频率下,分别在常温和液氮温度下进行了无线电能的接收实验。分析了影响系统效率的原因,提出了提高效率的一些措施。     

磁耦合谐振式超导无线电能传输线圈转动对传输性能的影响仿真

磁耦合谐振式高温超导无线电能传输系统(SUWPT)在实际应用中,不可避免会发生发射接收两线圈所在的平面不平行的情况。本文针对半径360 mm的铜线圈和超导线圈的磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统接收线圈沿直径方向发生旋转的情况,通过参数计算及有限元仿真的方法,进行传输效率及功率的对比分析。结果发现,在线圈转动角30°时,超导无线电能传输系统的功率比传统传输系统的功率高约10%,且超导无线电能传输系统的传输性能相较传统传输系统的传输性能更好。     

谐振式磁耦合无线电能传输系统传输特性及实验仪设计

利用磁耦合理论,分析了谐振式磁耦合无线电能传输系统的传输特性,开发了一种谐振式双线圈磁耦合无线电能传输实验仪.利用LED负载直观定性地观测了系统的传输特性,实验测量了发射线圈高频等效电阻及系统输出功率与信号频率、传输距离和负载的关系,获到了最大传输功率条件和频率分裂规律.实验表明,线圈在MHz频率下趋肤效应明显,频率越高,等效电阻越大;磁耦合无线电能传输系统的谐振特性不仅与频率相关,还与耦合系数相关;最佳全谐振时输出功率和传输效率最大.本实验仪可拓展测量RLC串联电路稳态特性,工作稳定,实验与理论吻合好.     

一种新颖的变异开口谐振环双频带磁谐振特异材料

根据磁谐振等效电路原理,设计出了工作在X波段的基于变异开口谐振环(split ring resonators)结构的新型双频带磁谐振特异材料.由于内外环间具有弱耦合的优越特性,所提出的磁谐振特异材料的两个工作频点可以较为方便地调节.该研究成果为特异材料的多频带、宽带化提供有益的的研究思路和设计方法. 关键词： 磁谐振特异材料 双频带 弱耦合     

涂层超导体无线能量传输理论研究与实验验证（英文）

近年来,随着2007年强磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输实验的成功,无线传能(WPT)受到科学界越来越广泛的关注.强磁耦合谐振式无线传能可以实现中距离、非辐射和高效率的能量传输,本文基于这种方式,将高温涂层超导体用于无线能量传输系统,期望利用其相对于传统导体低得多的电阻率提高系统的效率;利用公式分析了超导无线传能系统的能量损耗,并通过相关的数值分析和实验的方法验证了计算公式的正确性.描述了实验电路的搭建,包括能量供应、高频驱动电路和谐振线圈的制作.同时,本文利用常用的电路仿真软件Multisim,研究了WPT系统的传输效率、传输功率和传输损耗随传输距离的变化规律.结果表明:WPT系统的工作性能与传输距离密切相关,并且存在一个最佳的传输距离,而且这个距离与谐振线圈的材料无关.     

基于磁耦合谐振式的无线电能传输系统

提出了一种基于磁耦合谐振式的无线电能传输系统,该系统能够提高电能的传输效率和传输距离,具有良好的发展前景.     

基于有限元的REBCO无绝缘线圈三维全模型及瞬态特性仿真

无绝缘(NI)线圈因具有高电流密度、高热稳定性和高失超恢复能力,是一种极具应用前景的高温超导线圈绕制技术.在本文中,我们通过在AC/DC模块中耦合了电路模块和热模块,建立了一个完整的三维(3D)有限元模型(FEM).新耦合的电路模块能够对NI线圈整体进行励磁,从而保证其环向和径向保真度.通过该模型,我们分析了NI线圈的以下两个关键问题:充放电过程中,环向和径向电磁传输行为;过载流情况下不同接触电阻大小以及不同金属绝缘材料对线圈热稳定性的影响.我们比较了有限元仿真结果与分析电路模型的结果,两者达成了很好的一致性.我们所构建的3D模型可以进一步应用于观察NI线圈内部的电场和磁场分布,同时更为准确地描述超导材料的非线性特性,从而为NI线圈的设计和保护提供更为合理的物理参数.     

非线性磁电换能器模型的谐振磁电效应分析及其输出功率优化

基于非线性磁致伸缩材料的本构方程,建立了一种“磁-力-电”多场耦合的层合磁电换能器的有限元模型,研究了不同偏置磁场下的谐振磁电效应.基于等效电路模型和二端口网络理论,实现了对谐振状态下磁电系数和等效源阻抗的完整求解.在磁电换能器与负载电阻之间引入优化的L节匹配网络,在提升负载功率的同时拓展了工作带宽.仿真结果与相关文献数据吻合,证实了该模型的准确性和有效性.仿真结果表明,所研究的层合磁电换能器,其磁电系数在450 Oe的偏置磁场下达到51.79 V/(cm·Oe)@51.4 kHz,在350 Oe的偏置磁场下达到极限输出功率–3.01 dBm@50.4 kHz.以保证负载功率为前提,通过优化匹配网络,可实现2.30 dB的功率提升和2.27倍的带宽拓展.本文所建立的非线性有限元模型充分考虑了偏置磁场对谐振磁电效应的影响,该研究结果对小型化磁耦合无线功率传输系统的设计和性能提升具有重要的指导意义.     

Microwave radiation induced collective response in Si/SiGe heterostructures with a 2D electron gas

The collective resonant photoresponse in Si/SiGe structures with a 2DEG under microwave radiation is reported for the first time. The application of microwave radiation of various frequencies results in resonant photoconductivity at magnetic field values that are systematically lower than expected for the cyclotron resonance (CR) in an infinitely large two-dimensional electron system. The analysis of the data shows that the observed microwave radiation induced response is dominated by plasmon excitations.     

Observation of plasma toroidal-momentum dissipation by neoclassical toroidal viscosity

Dissipation of plasma toroidal angular momentum is observed in the National Spherical Torus Experiment due to applied nonaxisymmetric magnetic fields and their plasma-induced increase by resonant field amplification and resistive wall mode destabilization. The measured decrease of the plasma toroidal angular momentum profile is compared to calculations of nonresonant drag torque based on the theory of neoclassical toroidal viscosity. Quantitative agreement between experiment and theory is found when the effect of toroidally trapped particles is included.     

Plasma Response to Resonant Perturbations at Tokamak Edge

In certain circumstances, plasma response suppresses magnetic islands expected at perturbed resonant magnetic surfaces. We investigate the plasma response to the resonant magnetic perturbations in a large aspect ratio tokamak perturbed by external resonant helical windings, considering polar toroidal coordinates for which analytical toroidal equilibrium solutions and perturbing fields are available. We apply an empirical approach to mimic the plasma screening effects by introducing presumed plasma current sheets on the resonance surfaces to cancel the RMP effects. Numerical examples show the effect of plasma response reducing magnetic islands at the plasma edge and also regularizing field lines around the resonant surface. The distribution of connection lengths along the plasma cross section indicates that the plasma response increases the connection lengths since more toroidal turns are performed until a field line reaches the tokamak wall.     

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研究了电漂移对通行高能离子与新经典撕裂模(NTM)共振相互作用的影响。利用漂移动力论方法,在求解共振相互作用产生的作用在磁岛上的环向力矩的过程中重新考虑了电漂移的作用。结果表明,在与磁岛运动相关的环向动量平衡中v>0的通行高能离子与v<0的通行高能离子作用恰好相反,当磁岛沿电子抗磁漂移方向传播时,前者趋向于使磁岛传播频率减小,后者趋向于使磁岛传播频率增大,通行高能离子产生的总的环向力矩几乎为零。仅将v>0的通行高能离子所产生的环向力矩带入由环向动量平衡方程和修正的卢瑟福方程所组成的方程组中,数值计算结果表明,描述磁岛旋转频率与宽度随时间做非线性振荡的稳定极限环并不存在。     

Observation of a light-induced nonohmic current in a toroidal-moment-possessing nanostructure

We report on the first observation of light-induced nonohmic current in a semiconductor nanostructure. The effect is revealed in an unbiased asymmetric InAs quantum well under excitation by far-infrared laser radiation in the presence of a tilted magnetic field. It is interpreted in terms of a nonzero toroidal moment of a two-dimensional electron gas.     

Observation of a turbulence-induced large scale magnetic field

An axisymmetric magnetic field is applied to a spherical, turbulent flow of liquid sodium. An induced magnetic dipole moment is measured which cannot be generated by the interaction of the axisymmetric mean flow with the applied field, indicating the presence of a turbulent electromotive force. It is shown that the induced dipole moment should vanish for any axisymmetric laminar flow. Also observed is the production of toroidal magnetic field from applied poloidal magnetic field (the omega effect). Its potential role in the production of the induced dipole is discussed.     

The structure of chaotic magnetic field lines in a tokamak withexternal nonsymmetric magnetic perturbations

We consider the effects of external nonsymmetric magnetostatic perturbations caused by resonant helical windings and a chaotic magnetic limiter on the plasma confined in a tokamak. The main purpose of both types of perturbation is to create a region in which field lines are chaotic in the Lagrangian sense: two initially nearby field lines diverge exponentially through many turns around the tokamak. The equilibrium field is obtained from the equations of magneto-hydrodynamic equilibrium written down in a polar toroidal coordinate system. The magnetic fields generated by the resonant helical windings and the chaotic magnetic limiter are obtained through an analytical solution of Laplace equation. The magnetic field line equations are integrated to give a Hamiltonian mapping of field lines that we use to characterize the structure of chaotic field lines. In the case of resonant windings, we obtained the map by both numerical integration and a Hamiltonian formulation. For a chaotic limiter, we analytically derived a symplectic map by using a Hamiltonian formulation     

Control of vortices by homogeneous fields in asymmetric ferroelectric and ferromagnetic rings

Effective Hamiltonians have been used (i) to demonstrate that the shape asymmetry of ferromagnetic rings is essential to the recently discovered switching of the chirality of their vortices by homogeneous magnetic fields, via a transition into onion states; (ii) to reveal that an electric vortex can also be controlled by a homogeneous electric field in asymmetric ferroelectric nanorings, via the formation of antiferrotoroidic pair states rather than onion states; and (iii) to provide the fundamental reason that allows such control, namely, two new interaction energies involving a vector characterizing the asymmetry, the applied field, and the toroidal moment.     

Cavity-enhanced toroidal dipole force traps for dark-field seeking species

Dipole force traps for dark-field seeking states of atoms and molecules require regions of low intensity that are completely surrounded by a brighter optical field. Confocal cavities allow the resonant enhancement of these interesting transverse mode superpositions, and put deep far-off-resonance traps within reach of low-power diode lasers. In this paper, we show how an array of dark-field rings may be created simply using a single Gaussian beam. Such a geometry lends itself to the study of toroidal Bose–Einstein condensates.     

W波段磁控管型高次谐波潘尼管的研究与设计北大核心CSCD

针对在高频率、高效率、低磁场及低电压工作方面具有自身独特优势的磁控管型高次谐波潘尼管进行了研究与设计。通过对磁控管型谐振系统的研究,指出了工作在高次谐波时谐振系统设计与谐波次数选择的问题。在此基础上完成了对采用11腔、工作在2π模式的高次谐波潘尼管的设计。3维粒子仿真和优化的结果表明:该器件可以在磁场为0.379T、工作电压为30kV、工作电流为1A、横纵速度比为2的条件下,在W波段(99.1GHz)得到8.6kW的功率输出,相应的束波转换效率达28.7%。