反应物的振动对碰撞反应(He, HD+)积分截面的影响

采用准经典轨线方法[1,2]计算了碰撞能范围为0.6-1.2电子伏时反应He+HD+ (v=1,j=0, 1, 2, 3)→HeH++D和He+HD+ (v=1,j=0, 1, 2, 3)→HeD++H的积分截面。 通过跟有效的实验结果对比,发现计算结果略低于实验值,这可能是由于在计算中没有考虑量子效应而导致的。通过准经典轨线的计算结果与Tiwari等人的CS理论计算结果对比发现结果是基本相符合的,尤其是在几个碰撞能下几乎完全吻合。另外通过对比总结分析了 以及 势能面在不同的碰撞能以及不同的振转态下与CS理论计算的结果符合情况是的差异。同时重点分析了反应物的振转态对于反应的生成物以及积分截面的影响。     

H+H2反应截面的全量子力学研究

利用全量子力学耦合通道扭曲波近似(CCDWA)方法和三种势能面计算了H+H2(vα=0,jα=0)→H2(vβ,jβ)+H碰撞的反应截面,并与准经典弹道计算结果及公认较好的计算结果作了比较.研究表明:在相同的势能面下利用CCDWA方法得到的截面和公认较好的计算结果符合很好,而准经典弹道计算的反应截面误差较大. 关键词： 反应散射 势能面 反应截面     

QCT方法研究振转激发对H+HS反应的反应截面和产物极化的影响

基于Lv等人最新构建的高精度的最低三重态势能面H2S(3A″),利用准经典轨线(QCT)方法计算了H+HS反应的两个反应通道提取反应和交换反应的动力学性质.主要研究了在反应物HS的碰撞能为0.1-2.0 e V时,不同振转态(v=0-3,j=0-3)对积分反应截面和产物极化的影响.研究结果表明:在总角动量J=0时,QCT方法计算出的动力学结果和吕等人的量子力学(QM)结果符合的很好.因此,对标题反应的动力学性质进行了进一步的研究.     

He原子和BH分子碰撞体系的转动激发能量转移

在碰撞体系He+BH的CCSD(T)二维势能面基础上,应用密耦方法,研究了 He+BH分子碰撞转动激发过程.计算了该体系的转动态-态激发的弹性和非弹性的微分和积分截面,分析了计算结果与势能面特征间的关系.结果表明: He原子以从H原子端共线形式碰撞BH分子对j=0→j'=2的激发最为有效;短程排斥对Δj=2的激发作用较大;态-态跃迁总截面出现振荡结构,长程部分分波只对j=0→j'=1的跃迁总截面有较大贡献,j'≥ 关键词： He+BH体系 转动激发 散射截面     

QCT方法研究振转激发对H+HS反应的反应截面 和产物极化的影响

基于Lv等人最新构建的高精度的最低三重态势能面 ,利用准经典轨线（QCT）方法计算了H+HS反应的两个反应通道提取反应和交换反应的动力学性质。主要研究了在反应物HS的碰撞能为0.1-2.0eV时,不同振转态（v = 0 - 3, j = 0 - 3）对积分反应截面和产物极化的影响。研究结果表明：在总角动量J = 0时,QCT方法计算出的动力学结果和吕等人的量子力学（QM）结果符合的很好。因此,对标题反应的动力学性质进行了进一步的研究。     

O~++H_2→OH~++H反应的动力学研究

采用含时量子波包方法结合二阶分裂算符传播子对初始态为(v=0, j=0)的O~++H_2→OH~++H反应体系在0.01—1.00 eV的碰撞能范围内进行了态分辨理论水平上的动力学计算.对反应概率、积分截面、微分截面以及固定初始态的热速率常数等动力学信息进行了计算并与文献报道的实验和理论结果进行了比较.结果表明本文的理论结果与实验结果十分符合.从微分截面的散射信息可知,在低碰撞能范围内,插入反应机制在反应中占据主导地位.随着碰撞能的增加,反应机制逐渐由插入机制变为抽取反应机制.     

碰撞能对O++DH (v=0, j=0)→OD++H的准经典轨线

运用准经典轨线的方法,基于RODRIGO势能面,研究反应体系O⁺+DH (v=0, j=0)→OD⁺+H的立体动力学性质. 对描述k-j′两矢量相关和k-k′-j′三矢量相关的分布函数P(θr)和P(φr)以及产物转动取向参数进行了详细的讨论,发现极化微分反应截面呈现有趣的现象. 计算了反应几率与反应截面. O⁺+DH (v=0, j=0)→OD⁺+H反应的立体动力学性质对体系的碰撞能非常敏感.     

O(3P)+HCl(v,j)→OH(v'',j'')+Cl反应的准经典轨迹研究

基于MP2/6-31G(d,p)水平导出O (3P)+HCl体系的分析势能函数,用准经典的Monte Carlo轨迹方法对O(3P)+HCl(v,j)→OH(v',j')+Cl的分子反应动力学过程进行了研究.结果表明:对HCl(v=0,j= 0,1,2)的碰撞能量以49.37 kJ/mol为分界点,在49.37 kJ/mol以前,反应在j=0,1,2间的截面分布差别不大;而在此碰撞能量之后三者明显不同.j=0这条曲线在碰撞能量大于44.35 kJ/mol后的截面突然增加,几乎呈线性加大;当转动量子数j'在11之前截面分布出现了振荡行为.对HCl分别计算了v=2,j=1,6,9时在各转动量子数上的布居情况,并与Zhang等的实验观察值相比较,发现与之定性一致.     

碰撞能对S(1D) +H2(v=0, j=0)→SH+H反应立体动力学性质的影响

利用1A′态的势能面[ Ho et al., J. Chem. Phys. 116, 4124 (2002)]，采用准经典轨线方法研究了在不同碰撞能条件下，S(1D) +H2(v=0, j=0)→SH+H反应的立体动力学性质. 通过计算得到了描述反应物速度矢量k与产物的转动角动量矢量j′这两个矢量相关的分布函数P(r)、描述反应物速度矢量k、产物速度矢量k′与产物的转动角动量矢量j′这三个矢量相关的二面角分布函数P(r)以及描述反应产物角动量极化的分布函数P(r,r).计算结果表明产物的转动角动量矢量j′在空间具有明显的定向和取向效应，并且产物的转动角动量具有强烈的极化. 另外，计算结果还表明这些立体动力学性质对碰撞能非常敏感.     

碰撞能对S(1D) +H2(v=0, j=0)→SH+H反应立体动力学性质的影响

利用1A′态的势能面[ Ho et al., J. Chem. Phys. 116, 4124 (2002)],采用准经典轨线方法研究了在不同碰撞能条件下,S(1D) +H2(v=0, j=0)→SH+H反应的立体动力学性质. 通过计算得到了描述反应物速度矢量k与产物的转动角动量矢量j′这两个矢量相关的分布函数P(r)、描述反应物速度矢量k、产物速度矢量k′与产物的转动角动量矢量j′这三个矢量相关的二面角分布函数P(r)以及描述反应产物角动量极化的分布函数P(r,r).计算结果表明产物的转动角动量矢量j′在空间具有明显的定向和取向效应,并且产物的转动角动量具有强烈的极化. 另外,计算结果还表明这些立体动力学性质对碰撞能非常敏感.     

低碰撞能下Li+HF(v=0－3，j=0－40)→LiF+H反应的立体动力学研究

基于2003年势能面,运用准经典轨线法(QCT)研究Li+HF→LiF+H反应立体动力学.探究较低碰撞能(1.15 kcal·mol-1-5.00 kcal·mol-1)下碰撞能、振转激发对极化微分反应截面(PDDCSs)和三矢量相关的P(θr,r)分布函数的影响,将积分散射截面与已有的理论及实验结果比较.结果显示,在较低碰撞能下碰撞能、振转激发对极化微分散射截面和三矢量相关的P(θr,r)分布函数有影响,但振转激发对极化微分反应截面和P(θr,r)分布的影响更大,碰撞能的增加使产物转动角动量后向散射的极化强度增大.在计算的能量范围内积分散射截面与其它的理论及实验结果符合较好.     

Quantum stereodynamics study for the reaction F + HD

This paper studies the quantum stereodynamics of the F + HD(υ = 0, j = 0) → HD + F/HF + D reaction at the collision energies of 0.52 and 0.87~kcal/mol. The quantum scattering calculations, based on Stark-Werner potential energy surfaces, show that the differential cross sections for the HF(υ' = 2) + D and DF(υ' = 3) + H channels are consistent with the recent theoretical results. Furthermore, the product rotational angular momentum orientation and alignment have been determined for some selected rovibrational states of the HF + D and DF + H channels.     

0.5 eV时H++D2(v=0,j=0) 反应的微分、积分截面

基于ab initio势能面(KBNN PES)[1],用耦合通道超球坐标理论研究了碰撞能等于0.5 eV时H D2(v=0,j=0)的积分,微分截面.对于反应性碰撞,计算的积分截面表明由于深势阱的存在使得这一绝热反应产物的分布表现出一种近似的统计行为.计算的微分截面反映该体系存在着长寿命的中间络合物;对于非反应性碰撞(传能过程),平动—平动传能过程更有效,且其积分截面随着转动量子数的增大而显著减少.通过反应性碰撞和非反应性碰撞积分截面的比较,发现在低能碰撞情况,非反应性碰撞更容易进行.     

Theoretical study of stereodynamics for the D'+DS(ν = 0,j = 0)→D'D+S abstraction reaction

Quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) calculations have been performed for the abstraction reaction, D' +DS(v = 0, j = 0)→D'D+S on a new LZHH potential energy surface (PES) of the adiabatic 3A' electronic state [Lü et al. 2012 J. Chem. Phys. 136 094308]. The collision energy effect on the integral cross section and product polarization are studied over a wide collision energy range from 0.1 to 2.0 eV. The cross sections calculated by the QCT procedure are in good accordance with previous quantum wave packet results. The three angular distribution functions, P(θ_r), P(φ_r), and P(θ_r,φ_r), together with the four commonly used polarization-dependent differential cross sections ((2π/σ)(ds₀₀/dω_t), (2π/σ)(ds₂₀/dω_t), (2π/σ)(ds₂₂₊/dω_t), (2π/σ)(ds_21-/dω_t)) are obtained to gain insight into the chemical stereodynamics of the title reaction. Influences of the collision energy on the product polarization are exhibited and discussed.     

Isotope effect on the stereodynamics for the collision reaction H＋LiF（v = 0, j = 0） → HF＋Li

Stereodynamics for the reaction H+LiF(v=0, j=0) → HF+Li and its isotopic variants on the ground-state (1 2 A′) potential energy surface (PES) are studied by employing the quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method. At a collision energy of 1.0 eV, product rotational angular momentum distributions P (θr), P (φr), and P (θr ,φr), are calculated in the center-of-mass (CM) frame. The results demonstrate that the product rotational angular momentum j′ is not only aligned along the direction perpendicular to the reagent relative velocity vector k, but also oriented along the negative y axis. The four generalized polarization-dependent differential cross sections (PDDCSs) are also computed. The PDDCS 00 distribution shows a preferential forward scattering for the product angular distribution in each of the three isotopic reactions, which indicates that the title collision reaction is a direct reaction mechanism. The isotope effect on the stereodynamics is revealed and discussed in detail.     

The characteristics of O＋HD （v = 0, j = 0） reaction dynamics

The analytical potential energy function of HDO is constructed at first using the many-body expansion method.The reaction dynamics of O+HD(v = 0,j = 0) in five product channels are all studied by quasi-classical trajectory(QCT) method.The results show that the long-lived complex compound HDO is the dominant product at low collision energy.With increasing collision energy,O+HD → OH+D and O+HD → OD+H exchange reactions will occur with remarkable characteristics,such as near threshold energies,different reaction probabilities,and different reaction cross sections,implying the isotopic effect between H and D.With further increasing collision energy(e.g.,up to 502.08 kJ/mol),O+HD → O+H+D will occur and induce the complete dissociation into single O,H,and D atoms.     

Semirigid vibrating rotor target calculation for reaction O(3p)+CH4 →CH3+OH

The time-dependent quantum dynamics calculation for reaction O(3p)+CH4→ CH3+OH is made, using of the semirigid vibrating rotor target (SVRT) model and the time-dependent wave packet (TDWP) method. The corresponding reaction probabilities of different initial states are provided. From the calculation of initial rovibrational state j= 0,v= 0, 1, we can see that the excitation of the H-CH3 stretching vibration gives significant enhancement of reaction probability and the reaction threshold decreases dramatically with the enhancement of the vibrating excitation, which indicates that the vibrating energy of reagent molecules contributes a lot to the molecular collision. As for the calculation of reaction probability of state v= 0, j= 0,1,2,3, the results show that the reaction probability rises significantly with the enhancement of rotational quantum number j while the reaction threshold has no changes. The spatial steric effect of the title reaction is studied and analyzed too after the calculation of reaction probability of states j= 5, k= 0-2, n= 0 and j=5, k=2, n=0-2 is made.     

Stereo-dynamics of the exchange reaction HaWLiHb → LiHa＋Hb and its isotopic variants

<正>The quasi-classical trajectory(QCT) method is used to calculate the stereo-dynamics of the exchange reaction H_a+LiH_b→LiH_a+H_b and its isotopic variants based on an accurate potential energy surface reported by Prudente et al.[Prudente F V,Marques J M C and Maniero A M 2009 Chem.Phys.Lett.474 18].The reactive probability of the title reaction is computed.The vector correlations and four polarization-dependent generalized differential cross sections(PDDCSs) at different collision energies are presented.The influences of the collision energy and the reagent rotation on the product polarization are studied in the present work.The results indicate that the product rotational angular momentum j’ is not only aligned,but also oriented along the direction perpendicular to the scattering plane. The product polarization distributions of the title reaction and its isotopic variants exhibit distinct differences which may arise from different mass combinations.     

The special features of rotationally resolved differential cross sections of the F + H2 reaction at small scattering angles

We studied the nature and collision energy dependence of the maximum that appears in the angular distributions of the HF (v′ = 3) product of the F + H₂ (v = 0; j = 0, 1, 2) → H + HF (v′, j′) reaction at small scattering angles θ in the center-of-mass frame. This maximum and its increase as the collision energy increased were discovered in the well-known experiment described by D.M. Neumark, A.M. Wodtke, G.N. Robinson, C.C. Hayden, and Y.T. Lee, J. Chem. Phys. 82 (7), 3045 (1985). In order to determine the nature of the maximum, we performed quantum-mechanical simulation of the reaction on the Stark-Werner ground state potential energy surface at collision energies of 1.84, 2.74, and 3.42 kcal/mol corresponding to the above-mentioned experiment and calculated the vibrationally and rotationally resolved differential cross sections dσ_v′j′/dΩ of the reaction. The maximum under consideration was found to be due to a superposition of two effects, namely, the absence of HF (v′ = 3; j′) products with large j′ because of energy restrictions and an increase in the relative amplitude of quantum-mechanical oscillations on dσ_v′j′/dΩ cross sections at small j′ and θ as v′ increased. Oscillations on dσ_3j′ /dΩ cross sections with small j′ are responsible for the maximum observed.     

Effect of reagent vibrational excitation and isotope substitution on the stereo-dynamics of the Ba+HF→BaF+H reaction

Based on an extended London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato (LEPS) potential energy surface (PES), the Ba + HF reaction has been studied by the quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method. The reaction integral cross section as a function of collision energy for the Ba + HF → BaF + H reaction is presented and the influence of isotope substitution on the differential cross sections (DCSs) and alignments of the product's rotational angular momentum have also been studied. The results suggest that the integral cross sections increase with increasing collision energy, and the vibrational excitation of the reagent has great influence on the DCS. In addition, the product's rotational polarization is very strong as a result of heavy-heavy-light (HHL) mass combination, and the distinct effect of isotope substitution on the stereodynamics is also revealed.