Xe~(26+)入射Au靶离子L壳层空穴的产生与退激辐射

基于两体碰撞过程的能量与角动量守恒,推导出Xe26+离子与Au原子碰撞过程,单离子的L壳层空穴产额与离子动能的理论关系.实验测定了动能2.4-3.6Me V的Xe26+离子入射Au靶,产生的Xe的L-X射线谱,获得了射线产额与离子入射动能的实验关系.结果表明,碰撞过程产生Xe L壳层空穴的同时,产生了一定数目的 M壳层空穴,导致L壳层空穴平均荧光产额显著变大,在实验能量范围,空穴产额的理论值与射线产额的实验值存在较好的一致性.     

洞态Ar原子K_α和K_β伴线和超伴线的理论计算

基于全相对论多组态Dirac-Fock方法,对L壳层旁观空穴下Ar原子退激衰变辐射K-X射线K_(α1,2)(K→L_(3,2))和K_(β1,3)(K→M_(3,2))的6908条伴线和超伴线跃迁能、跃迁概率进行了系统计算,计算结果与文献已有数据比较具有很好的一致性.通过对(K~(-1)L~(-1),l=0-8)伴线和(K~(-2)L~(-l),l=0-8)超伴线跃迁谱线卷积得了其合成谱,给出了L壳层不同空穴数下K-X射线伴线和超伴线的平均能量和平均跃迁强度.结果表明,退激辐射X射线能量以及能移与L壳层空穴个数呈现明显的线性关系.基于结论,进一步给出了跃迁能移与L壳层空穴个数之间的关系表达式.研究结果可以为解释离子、原子碰撞过程中产生的X射线谱提供重要的理论支持.     

Eu~(20+)入射Au靶发射EuL-X射线产额与动能的相关性

探测了动能为3.0—6.0 MeV的Eu20+离子入射Au靶激发Eu的L-X射线谱,获得了射线产额与离子入射动能的实验关系.采用有心保守力作用下的两体碰撞模型,并考虑了离子的能损,计算了Eu离子与Au原子碰撞过程中单离子L壳层空穴的产额.根据离子L壳层空穴退激的荧光产额,给出了碰撞过程Eu单离子L-X射线产额与离子入射动能的理论关系.结果表明,射线产额的理论值与实验数据符合得较好.     

Eu$lt;sup$gt;20+$lt;/sup$gt;入射Au靶发射Eu L-X射线产额与动能的相关性

探测了动能为3.0–6.0 MeV的Eu²⁰⁺离子入射Au靶激发Eu的L-X射线谱,获得了射线产额与离子入射动能的实验关系. 采用有心保守力作用下的两体碰撞模型,并考虑了离子的能损,计算了Eu离子与Au 原子碰撞过程中单离子L壳层空穴的产额. 根据离子L 壳层空穴退激的荧光产额,给出了碰撞过程Eu单离子L-X 射线产额与离子入射动能的理论关系. 结果表明,射线产额的理论值与实验数据符合得较好. 关键词： 离子动能 荧光产额 单离子X射线产额     

近Bohr速度I20+离子在不同靶面上的L壳层X射线辐射

在兰州重离子加速器国家实验室,利用硅漂移X射线探测器探测了4.5 MeV I20+离子入射到Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn靶表面时产生I的L壳层X射线.实验观察到Ll,Lα1,2,Lβ1,3,4,Lβ2,15,Lγ1,Lγ2,3,4,4,等6组分辨较好的谱线,各分支X射线的能量发生了蓝移;Lβ1,3,4,Lβ2,15与Lα1,2谱线的相对强度比随靶原子序数的增大基本线性增加,Ll与Lα1,2,Lγ2,3,4,4,与Lγ1 X射线的相对强度比近似与靶原子序数的平方成正比.分析表明,玻尔速度附近能量的低速高电荷态离子与固体靶原子碰撞产生的内壳层过程存在直接库仑电离和电子俘获的双重综合作用,这使得内壳层X射线发射时,外壳层仍存在多个空穴,导致辐射X射线的频移和分支比的变化.     

不同动能的~(129)Xe~(26+)与Au表面作用产生的X射线谱

测量了动能为350—600 keV和1.8—3.9 MeV的129Xe26+入射Au表面产生的X射线谱.结果表明,350—600 keV的Xe26+仅激发出了Au的Mα特征X射线,而1.8—3.9 MeV的Xe26+可激发出Au的Mζ,Mα,Mγ和Mδ特征X射线.分析了X射线强度和产额比与入射离子动能的关系,并估计了Xe26+激发Xe的L-X射线的动能阈值.     

Bragg峰能区Xe~(20+)与不同靶作用产生的X射线

依托兰州重离子加速器国家实验室320 k V高电荷态离子综合研究平台,测量了动能为6.0 Me V的Xe~(20+)离子与V, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn靶表面作用产生的特征X射线谱,分析了能量为1.60 ke V的X射线的产生机制,并利用经典过垒模型计算了Xe~(20+)与不同靶作用时第一代空心原子在上表面的存在时间.结果表明:对于没有初始M空穴的Xe~(20+)离子与不同靶相互作用时,实验中没有观察到Xe的Mα X射线,而观察到了能量为Xe的Mα X射线的两倍的X射线,称此线为Xe的Mαα X射线,认为其是由Xe在靶的上表面的双电子单光子过程产生的.     

不同离子激发Au靶的多电离效应

重离子与固体表面相互作用时,会引起靶原子内壳层的电离,相应空穴退激过程中发射的X射线对研究重离子与固体表面的相互作用有着重要意义,可为相关研究提供基础数据.目前,在K和L壳层电离方面做了一些工作,而M壳层的研究较少,本文依托兰州重离子加速器国家实验室320 kV高电荷态离子综合研究平台,测量了不同能量的H~+, Ar~(8+), Ar~(12+), Kr~(13+)和Eu~(20+)离子与Au表面作用产生的特征X射线谱及其能移,计算了X射线的产额比值.结果表明:重离子引起了靶原子内壳层的多电离,多电离效应使Au的MX射线有不同程度的能移;多电离程度取决于入射离子能量、离子的原子序数和其外壳层的空穴数量.     

粒子、空穴表示与Xe同位素能谱结构的相变

集体态空间截断会导致粒子表示与空穴表示不等价.本文以玻色子展开和MJS代换为基础的微观方法,以半满壳核¹²⁰Xe为例研究了这个问题及两种表示的差别对参数的依赖性.同时也研究了Xe同位素系列核谱结构从振动型向γ——不稳定型的相变.     

129Xe20+入射Au表面X射线产额与离子动能的相关性

报道了在兰州重离子加速器国家实验室320kV高电荷态离子综合研究平台上,用2.4~6.0MeV动能的高电荷态离子129Xe20+轰击Au表面,探测X射线谱的实验结果。当离子动能较大时,相互作用不仅激发出了Au的M-X射线,还激发出了Xe的L-X射线,且X射线产额随入射离子动能的增加总体呈增加趋势。对碰撞导致X射线产生的微观机制进行了初步分析。     

Study of the124Xe and126Xe structure

The level structure of¹²⁴Xe and¹²⁶Xe is studied on the basis ofβ ⁺ decay of¹²⁴Cs and¹²⁶Cs. The Cs isotopes were produced in the Xe(p, n) Cs reactions at a proton energy ofE≈9.5 MeV. Decay schemes are proposed for these nuclei. The available experimental data are compared with the predictions of various models.     

Analogous negative parity spectra of125Xe and127Xe

The low spin states of the nucleus¹²⁷Xe have been investigated with the (, 2n) reaction by means of in-beam--spectroscopy, using theosiris-cube-spectrometer at the FNTandem accelerator facility of the University of Cologne. In the negative parity system, four excited states for each of the spins 11/2^–.15/2^– and two 5/2^–.9/2^– — states could be established at excitation energies up to 1MeV above the Yrast line. With this new data, we are able to compare the non-Yrast states and their decay properties to the corresponding states of¹²⁵Xe, which had been studied with similar methods in Cologne. The almost one-to-one correspondence between the states of these neighboring neutron-odd nuclei is a clear indication that their excitations at low spin remain collective well above the Yrast line.     

High spin structure in127Xe and125Xe

Excited states of the nuclei¹²⁷Xe and¹²⁵Xe have been investigated in the inverse kinematic reactions⁴⁸ Ca(⁸² Se,(3.5)n) at 275 MeV beam energy with the OSIRIS multidetector system at the VICKSI-accelerator of the HMI Berlin. The level scheme of¹²⁷Xe was extended up to a level of tentative spin (51/2^?). Two excited bands of 3QP-character were observed. For¹²⁵Xe these structures were extended towards higher spins. Experimental Routhians of selected bands are presented.     

Sub-Coulomb transfer and fission in collisions of129Xe,132Xe and136Xe with238U

Integral cross sections for fission and for one- and two-neutron transfer reactions in the system¹³²Xe+²³⁸U were measured radiochemically in the energy range 0.7≦E/E _Coul≦1. The excitation functions for fission and transfer are found to be essentially parallel below 0.85×E _Coul. Even at the lowest energies the transfer cross sections exceed the fission cross section by more than one order of magnitude. With the other projectiles¹²⁹Xe and¹³⁶Xe different transfer cross sections illustrating their sensitivity for the ground stateQ-values,Q _gg , are observed while the fission cross sections are the same as in the¹³²Xe +²³⁸U reaction. The fission data are interpreted in terms of a continuous transition between Coulomb fission and several transfer-induced fission processes.     

129Xe NMR study of Xe adsorption on multiwall carbon nanotubes

¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopy has been used to study the adsorption of Xe on multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The results obtained have shown the ¹²⁹Xe NMR ability to probe the intercrystalline (aggregate) and the inner porosity of CNT. In particular, the effects on porosity of tubes openings by hydrogen exposure and of ball milling were examined. Dramatic changes observed in the ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectra after moderate ball milling of MWCNTs were attributed to the destruction of the initial intercrystalline pore structure and to the Xe access inside the nanotubes. To examine the exchange dynamics the mixture of as-made and milled MWCNTs was studied with one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) ¹²⁹Xe NMR. The exchange between the interior of milled nanotubes and the aggregate pores of as-made MWCNTs was fast on the NMR acquisition time scale. The Xenon exchange between the interior of the as-made MWCNTs and the large aggregate pores occurred on a longer time scale of 10 ms, as was established by 2D ¹²⁹Xe NMR exchange spectroscopy. Variable temperature ¹²⁹Xe NMR data were also discussed and analyzed in terms of the fast exchange approximation.     

Der Zerfall des125m Xe,des127m Xe und des127g Xe

The decay of^125m Xe produced by the reaction¹²²Te(α, n)^125m Xe using a target enriched in¹²²Te (95.4%) and the decay of^127m Xe produced by the reaction¹²⁷J(d, 2n)^127m Xe have been investigated: ^125m Xe decays with a half-life ofT _1/2=(56±3) sec by ayy- cascade withE _γ1=(140.4 ±0.5) keV andE _γ2=(110.5 ±0.5) keV. The experimental conversion coefficients yield multipolarities ofE3 for the 140.4 keV isomeric transition and predominantlyM1 for the 110.5 keV-transition. ^127m Xe decays with a half-life ofT _1/2=(71±2) sec. The decay also proceeds by aγγ-cascade with an isomeric E3 transition ofE _γ1=(172.5±0.3) keV and a predominantlyM1 transition ofE _γ2=(124.6±0.3) keV. In the decay of^127g Xe an additional branching of the electron capture to a level at (618.1±0.3) keV was observed. The relative probability forK-captureP _K618/P_K375=0.40 ±0.07 yields a total transition energyQ _EC=(664 ±4)keV. A spin of 1/2⁺ was assigned to the ground state.     

Classified Lines in the Spectra of Xe II and Xe III

The spectra of singly and doubly ionized xenon emitted by pulsed light sources have been studied. 35 lines of XeII and 69 lines of XeIII are classified in the range 112 - 676 nm.     

High-spin study of Xe

High-spin states have been populated in ₅₄¹¹⁹Xe via the ⁹⁶Mo(²⁷Al,p3n) reaction at 133 MeV, using the γ-ray spectrometer to record triple γ-ray coincidences. The known level scheme has been significantly extended and several band crossings identified. In particular, the νh_11/2 yrast band has been extended to I^π = (83/2⁻) and shows features which are consistent with those of smooth band termination at high spin. Theoretical results for ¹¹⁹Xe at high spin are discussed within the framework of cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations, together with results for ¹¹⁷Xe.     

Measurement of 129Xe frequency shift due to Cs–129Xe collisions

Enhancement factor K0, which characterizes NMR and EPR frequency shifts for Cs-129Xe, is measured for the first time. The enhancement factor r-o was measured to be （702±41） at 80 ℃ and （653±20） at 90 ℃, using the NMR frequency shift, detected by atomic magnetometer at a low magnetic field of 100 nT. This result is useful for predicting the EPR frequency shifts for Cs and the NMR frequency shifts for 129Xe in spin-exchange cells.