第十七届中国高压科学学术会议第一轮(征文)通知

正第十七届中国高压科学学术会议将于2014年9月中旬在江苏省扬州市召开。本次会议由中国物理学会高压物理专业委员会主办,中物院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室承办。会议旨在为工作在高压及相关技术领域的专家、学者提供学术上相互了解和交流的机会,并对新成果和新进展组织各类专题进行讨论,以促进我国高压科     

冲击波物理与爆轰物理国家级重点实验室简介

冲击波物理与爆轰物理国家级重点实验室设于四川省绵阳市中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所内．实验室始建于１９９０年１２月，１９９４年正式建成．主要研究由强冲击波和爆轰波作用所产生的高温、高压、高应变率等极端条件下凝聚态物质的物理、化学和热力学性质的变化及...     

高速分幅相机与阳加速器的精密电流同步技术

在阳加速器上进行的Z箍缩内爆实验研究根据过程的快慢分为主要从事数百万至数千万大气压状态下冲击波物理、内爆动力学、界面不稳定性、高压物态方程等物理问题的研究和在实验室内产生兆焦级乃至几十兆焦超强X辐射源来从事有关物理问题和应用方面的研究。     

强爆轰参数的理论估算

用两相的排平物态方程对硝基甲烷的强爆轰参数进行了理论估算 ,理论值与拟稳态强爆轰的实验值(爆速、爆压和爆温 )符合得很好 .这既检验了这种理论估算方法 ,也再次检验了爆轰的ZND理论和两相的排平物态方程 ,也是对实验方法的一种支持 .常k形物态方程的强爆轰参数理论估算方法也得到了有条件的肯定     

工程技术中的宽区域物态方程问题

物态方程参数是许多工程理论设计不可缺少的重要参数.文章介绍了实际工程问题的物态方程研究对象、物理问题、研究方法、主要研究阶段,提出了关于物态方程研究与发展的进一步构想.     

欢迎投稿

《高压物理学报》是我国高压物理领域唯一的专业性学术刊物。征稿内容为:动态及静态高压技术,人工合成新材料,高温高压下材料的力、光、电、磁等特性以及物质微观结构的研究,动态及静态高压研究中的测试技术,高温高压下的相变,高温高压物态方程,高压地学,材料动态断裂,冲击和爆轰现象等。《高压物理学报》接受中、英文稿件。     

欢迎投稿

《高压物理学报》是我国高压物理领域唯一的专业性学术刊物。征稿内容为:动态及静态高压技术,人工合成新材料,高温高压下材料的力、光、电、磁等特性以及物质微观结构的研究,动态及静态高压研究中的测试技术,高温高压下的相变,高温高压物态方程,高压地学,材料动态断裂,冲击和爆轰现象等。《高压物理学报》接受中、英文稿件。     

欢迎投稿北大核心CSCD

《高压物理学报》是我国高压物理领域唯一的专业性学术刊物。征稿内容为：动态及静态高压技术,人工合成新材料,高温高压下材料的力学、光、电、磁等特性以及物质微观结构的研究,动态及静态高压研究中的测试技术,高温高压下的相变,高温高压物态方程,高压地学,材料动态断裂,冲击和爆轰现象等。《高压物理学报》接受中、英文稿件。     

新型爆轰产物物态方程

 从位力（Virial）理论和相似假设出发，建立了爆轰产物物态方程，命名为VLW物态方程。本物态方程既适用于高压下炸药爆轰性能的计算，也适用于较高压强与中等压强状态下火炮发射药与火箭推进剂燃烧性能的计算。     

神光系列装置激光聚变实验与诊断技术研究进展

文章主要介绍了国内自2000年以来的激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验研究以及诊断技术研究的进展,主要内容为神光Ⅱ激光装置上的实验,也对刚建成不久的神光Ⅲ原型装置上的实验作简要介绍,此外,文章还介绍了神光Ⅱ和神光Ⅲ原型装置上近期发展的诊断技术和设备.文章作者在神光Ⅱ激光装置上开展了多项的物理实验研究,其中包括黑腔物理、内爆物理、流体动力学不稳定性、辐射不透明度以及辐射驱动冲击波等,并取得了重要的进展.在X射线单能成像、Thomson探针、无高级衍射的单级衍射光栅等新型关键诊断技术与尖端设备研制方面也取得了显著进展.     

Heavy ion induced charge exchange reactions: A preliminary study within the Constrained Molecular Dynamics model

We present a preliminary study of charge exchange heavy ion induced reactions based on the constrained molecular dynamics(CoMD) model.The purpose is to test the capability of the model in predicting the occurrence of single charge exchange(SCE) and double charge exchange(DCE) exit channels for three different entrance channels at the same laboratory incident energy.The nuclear reaction dynamics and nuclear interaction within the CoMD approach are the only ingredients that have given,at this stage,promising results for SCE and DCE cross section calculations.The obtained results suggest an upgrade and possible future employment of the model for studies relating to the production of exotic nuclei through charge exchange reactions or DCE reactions and their connection with neutrinoless double beta decay.     

Population Dynamics near an Oasis with Time-Dependent Convection

We investigate the time evolution of a bacterial population near a favorable spot with time-dependent convection. Diffusion, growth, and saturation effects lead to a localized colony which spreads out in the surroundings. Convection by a time-dependent but spatially uniform random velocity introduces fluctuations. Equations of motion for ensemble averages are derived and compared to numerical simulations.     

Determination of the activation energy by stochastic analyses of molecular dynamics simulations of dislocation processes

An investigation is reported of the probability and the probability density of thermal activation of stress-driven dislocation processes, as simulated using molecular dynamics (MD). Stochastic analyses of the survival probability are found to lead to simple relationships between the loading history and the distribution of the interaction time and strength. It is shown that the determination of the activation energy associated to a thermally activated event can be achieved by a reduction of the stochastic process to a process obeying the Poisson's distribution, preserving the activation probability at the survival time. The method is applied to the kink-pair mechanism for screw dislocations in iron. Predictions are compared with experimental results and with other methods reported in the literature, which allows the difference in the approximations and in the assumptions considered in these models to be underlined.     

Orbital and epicyclic motion of charged test particles around non-rotating Einstein-Æther black holes

The study of charged test particle dynamics in the combined black hole gravitational field and magnetic field around it could provide important theoretical insight into astrophysical processes around such compact object. We have explored the orbital and epicyclic motion of charged test particles in the background of non-rotating Einstein-Æther black holes in the presence of external uniform magnetic field. We numerically integrate the equations of motion and analyze the trajectories of the charged test particles. We examined the stability of circular orbits using effective potential technique and study the characteristics of innermost stable circular orbits. We analyze the key features of quasi-harmonic oscillations of charged test particles nearby the stable circular orbits in an equatorial plane of the black hole, and investigate the radial profiles of the frequencies of latitudinal as well as radial harmonic oscillations in dependence on the strength of magnetic field, mass of the black hole and dimensionless coupling constants of the theory. We demonstrate that the magnetic field and dimensionless parameters of the theory have strong influence on charged particle motion around Einstein-Æther black holes.     

飞秒激光在可饱和吸收体中的动力学特性

从激光动力学的自洽理论出发，推导出适用于含有可饱和吸收体的激光系统动力学方程组，研究了激光振荡的稳定性与系统参数的依赖关系，包括激励强度参数、饱和系数和能级寿命，并讨论了满足激光振荡稳定性的条件下B类激光的弛豫振荡特性。结果表明，增大激励强度与饱和系数有利于系统形成稳定的振荡输出，而且当激励强度超过一定阈值时，B类激光会产生弛豫振荡行为。     

External activation promoting consensus formation in the opinion model with interest decay

We put forward an opinion model that considers internal decay and external activation or deactivation. Agents may withdraw from the discussion, meanwhile, these inactive agents are likely to be motivated by active neighbors. In addition, external influence from outside circumstances is added to the population. We focus on the majority rule of opinion exchange. Our investigations reveal under the impact of external circumstances, the system evolves to different stable states. One opinion can finally be made dominant when the internal motivation is large sufficiently. However, without external activation, consensus is hardly reached in the system with interest decay.     

Addendum to the Elementary Process Theory

Recently, the Elementary Process Theory has been introduced as an axiomatic system with a potential application as a foundational framework for physics. This addendum clarifies the primitive concepts ‘phase quantum’ and ‘monad’ that play a central role in the physical picture that arises from the axiomatic system.     

Elementary Process Theory: a formal axiomatic system with a potential application as a foundational framework for physics supporting gravitational repulsion of matter and antimatter

Theories of modern physics predict that antimatter having rest mass will be attracted by the earth's gravitational field, but the actual coupling of antimatter with gravitation has not been established experimentally. The purpose of the present research was to identify laws of physics that would govern the universe if antimatter having rest mass would be repúlsed by the earth's gravitational field. As a result, a formalized axiomatic system was developed together with interpretation rules for the terms of the language: the intention is that every theorem of the system yields a true statement about physical reality. Seven non‐logical axioms of this axiomatic system form the Elementary Process Theory (EPT): this is then a scheme of elementary principles describing the dynamics of individual processes taking place at supersmall scale. It is demonstrated how gravitational repulsion functions in the universe of the EPT, and some observed particles and processes have been formalized in the framework of the EPT. Incompatibility of Quantum Mechanics (QM) and General Relativity (GR) with the EPT is proven mathematically; to demonstrate applicability to real world problems to which neither QM nor GR applies, the EPT has been applied to a theory of the Planck era of the universe. The main conclusions are that a completely formalized framework for physics has been developed supporting the existence of gravitational repulsion and that the present results give rise to a potentially progressive research program.     

Microscopic information processing and communication in crowd dynamics

Due, perhaps, to the historical division of crowd dynamics research into psychological and engineering approaches, microscopic crowd models have tended toward modelling simple interchangeable particles with an emphasis on the simulation of physical factors. Despite the fact that people have complex (non-panic) behaviours in crowd disasters, important human factors in crowd dynamics such as information discovery and processing, changing goals and communication have not yet been well integrated at the microscopic level. We use our Microscopic Human Factors methodology to fuse a microscopic simulation of these human factors with a popular microscopic crowd model. By tightly integrating human factors with the existing model we can study the effects on the physical domain (movement, force and crowd safety) when human behaviour (information processing and communication) is introduced.In a large-room egress scenario with ample exits, information discovery and processing yields a crowd of non-interchangeable individuals who, despite close proximity, have different goals due to their different beliefs. This crowd heterogeneity leads to complex inter-particle interactions such as jamming transitions in open space; at high crowd energies, we found a freezing by heating effect (reminiscent of the disaster at Central Lenin Stadium in 1982) in which a barrier formation of naïve individuals trying to reach blocked exits prevented knowledgeable ones from exiting. Communication, when introduced, reduced this barrier formation, increasing both exit rates and crowd safety.     

Tailoring steep density profile with unstable points

The mesoscopic properties of a plasma in a cylindrical magnetic field are investigated from the view point of test-particle dynamics. When the system has enough time and spatial symmetries, a Hamiltonian of a test particle is completely integrable and can be reduced to a single degree of freedom Hamiltonian for each initial state. The reduced Hamiltonian sometimes has unstable fixed points (saddle points) and associated separatrices. To choose among available dynamically compatible equilibrium states of the one particle density function of these systems we use a maximum entropy principle and discuss how the unstable fixed points affect the density profile or a local pressure gradient, and are able to create a steep profile that improves plasma confinement.