Phase-Controlled Transparent Superluminal Light Propagation in a Doppler-Broadened Four-Level N-Type System

The propagation of a weak probe field in a four-level N-type quantum system in the presence of spontaneously generated coherence(SGC) is theoretically investigated. The optical properties of the system are studied and it is shown that the group velocity of light pulse can be controlled by relative phase of applied fields. By changing the relative phase of applied fields, the group velocity of light pulse changes from transparent subluminal to the transparent superluminal light propagation. Thus, the phase-controlled absorption-free superluminal light propagation is obtained without applying an incoherent laser fields to the system. The propagation of a weak probe light pulse is studied by solving the Maxwell's wave equation on numerical grid in space and time. Moreover, we study the third order self- and cross-Kerr susceptibility of probe field and calculate the nonlinear cross-phase shift for different values of intensity of applied fields. In addition, we take into account the effect of Doppler broadening on the light pulse propagation and it is found that a suitable choice of laser propagation directions allows us to preserve our results even in the presence of Doppler effect. It is demonstrated that by increasing the Doppler width of distribution to the room temperature,the dispersion changes from transparent subluminal to transparent superluminal light propagation which is our major motivation for this work.     

Transient dispersion and absorption in a V-shaped atomic system

We investigate the dynamical behavior of the dispersion and the absorption in a V-type three level atomic system. It is shown that in the presence of decay-induced interference the probe dispersion and absorption are phase dependent. We find that an incoherent pumping field provides an additional control parameter for switching the group velocity of a light pulse. The required switching times for switching the group velocity of a probe field from subluminal to superluminal pulse propagation is then discussed.     

Subluminal to superluminal light propagation in a V-type three-level atomic system interacting with squeezed vacuum

We study the light propagation properties in a V-type three-level atomic system interacting with two independent broadband squeezed baths. Using the graphic method, the dependences of the absorption and the dispersion of the system on the coupling field strength, the incoherent pumping field strength and the intensity of the squeezed vacuum are analysed. The result shows that the probe pulse propagation can be changed from subluminal to superluminal speed.     

利用非相干泵浦调控V型三能级系统的吸收与色散

理论研究了V型三能级系统中的吸收与色散特性,证明在探测光几乎无损耗的情况下可以实现超光速和亚光速传输。通过引入一束非相干泵浦场的作用,使输出探测光产生增益,并且在强耦合场诱导的Autler-Townes分裂(AT分裂)的情况下,可以得到探测光脉冲的增益抑制和相应的反常色散。     

Sub- and Super-Luminal Phenomena in a Doubly Driven Four-Level System

With the occurrence of an adding driving field, the properties of the dispersion and the absorption of a four-level system are changed greatly. The system can produce the normal and anomalous dispersion regions with proper parameters. Here, the driving fields can be seemed as knobs to manipulate the groupvelocity of a weak probe field between subluminal and superluminal.     

Dispersive and absorptive properties of a <Emphasis Type="Italic">Λ</Emphasis>-type atomic system with two fold lower-levels

The dispersion and the absorption properties of a driven four-level Λ-type atomic system is investigated. It is found that the interaction of double-dark states lead to controllable group velocity of the weak probe field by the intensity of driving field and the relative phase between applied fields. Moreover, the transient dispersion, absorption and the group index are also discussed. The required switching time for switching the group velocity of a weak probe field from subluminal to superluminal pulse propagation is then discussed.     

Controlling the group velocity in a five-level K-type atomic system

The properties of a five-level K-type system are investigated. With the controlling fields, the properties of the dispersion and absorption of the system are changed greatly. The system can produce anomalous dispersion regions with absorption and normal dispersion regions with absorption or transparency. Furthermore, the group velocity can be varied from subluminal to superluminal by varying the intensity of the controlling field and the probe detunings in principle.     

Absorption-free superluminal light propagation in a quantum-dot molecule

The propagation of a weak probe field in a three-level quantum-dot molecule is investigated by employing the tunnel coupling. It is shown that in the absence of tunnel coupling, the propagation of light pulse is superluminal, similar to a simple two-level system. A high-resolution dip appears in optical spectra due to the presence of tunnel coupling. We show that this narrow dip leads to the subluminal light propagation with doublet absorption, so the group velocity of a light pulse can be controlled by interdot tunnel coupling. It is also demonstrated that by applying an indirect incoherent pumping field to the probe transition, the absorption doublet switches to the gain doublet and then the absorption-free superluminal light propagation is appeared.     

交叉克尔非线性对二阶非线性诱导透明的影响

考虑耦合介质存在交叉克尔非线性的情形下，研究了交叉克尔效应对耦合双谐振腔中二阶非线性诱导透明的影响.首先给出了描述体系理论模型的哈密顿量，再通过对海森堡-朗之万方程进行线性化，得到了探测场的透射率，进而得出系统的吸收和色散关系.研究结果表明，在交叉克尔非线性强度较小时，可忽略其对诱导透明的影响;随着交叉克尔非线性强度的增大，诱导透明窗口宽度随之快速变窄.此外，吸收曲线中还出现了双吸收峰.进一步增强交叉克尔非线性，导致原本出现的诱导透明消失，并在新吸收峰处产生了新的诱导透明，新的诱导透明的吸收零点位置随着交叉克尔非线性增加而向左偏移.这些结果可能在不透明介质的窄窗口光传输和提高光学腔的性能方面提供一些参考.     

Absorption-free superluminal light propagation in a quantum-dot molecule

The propagation of a weak probe field in a three-level quantum-dot molecule is investigated by employing the tunnel coupling. It is shown that in the absence of tunnel coupling, the propagation of light pulse is superluminal, similar to a simple two-level system. A high-resolution dip appears in optical spectra due to the presence of tunnel coupling. We show that this narrow dip leads to the subluminal light propagation with doublet absorption, so the group velocity of a light pulse can be controlled by interdot tunnel coupling. It is also demonstrated that by applying an indirect incoherent pumping field to the probe transition, the absorption doublet switches to the gain doublet and then the absorption-free superluminal light propagation is appeared.     

An enhanced refractive index with suppressed absorption in a graphene nanostructure under external magnetic field

The dispersive-absorptive optical properties of a weak probe field are investigated based on quantum coherence and interference in a Landau-quantized graphene structure. It is found that an enhanced refractive index with vanishing absorption can be obtained in this structure through proper adjusting the controlling parameters of the system. The switching between superluminal and subluminal light propagation is also discussed. Our scheme can be employed in real experiments to develop new types of nanoelectronic devices for realizing all-optical switching process and can have practical application in dispersion compensation and solid-state quantum communication.     

Upper level and phase controlling group velocity in V-type system

With the external field coupling the two upper levels, we investigate the light pulse propagation properties with weak probe field in a V-type system. Due to the external upper level (UL) coupling field, the dispersion of the system has been influenced by the relative phase. It is shown that the UL field and the relative phase can be regarded as switches to manipulate light propagation between subluminal and superluminal.     

Theoretical Investigation of Lasing without Inversion in a Multiple Quantum Well System

In this study, the influence of exciton spins relaxation (ESR) on spatial evolution of amplification without population inversion in a four-level GsAs multiple quantum wells is discussed theoretically. The role of propagation distance on absorption, dispersion and group index of weak probe light in the presence and absence of ESR is then analyzed. It is found that exciton spin relaxation (spin decoherence) which resulted from many-particle interaction in semiconductors have essential roles to adjusting the absorption and dispersion properties of weak probe light. Moreover, it is realized that the propagation distance in the presence of ESR can lead to switching between subluminal and superluminal light propagation. Our study provides a suitable treatment for the next generation of all-optical systems in semiconductor nanostructures.

     

Transient and steady-state properties of asymmetric semiconductor quantum wells at telecom wavelength bands

The transient and steady-state dispersion and absorption properties of a three-subband asymmetric semiconductor quantum well system are investigated. In the steady-state regime, it is shown that by increasing the strength of Fano-interference as well as enhancement of energy splitting of two excited states the slope of dispersion changes from negative to positive which is corresponding to a switch between superluminal to subluminal light propagation. At the same time, the probe absorption reduces at telecommunication wavelength λ = 1550 nm. The influence of incoherent pumping fields on time-dependent susceptibility is then discussed. It is found that due to more transfer of population to the upper levels, increasing the rate of incoherent pump field leads to the reduction of probe absorption. In addition, it is realized that incoherent pumping has a major role in converting fast to slow propagation of light at long wavelength. We also introduce an extra controllability for the light pulse to be slow downed at Telecom wavelength just through the quantum interference arising from incoherent pumping fields. The obtained results may be practical in telecommunication applications.     

On coherently driven group index of probe pulse at double-frequency regimes: An analytical formulation

The group index and its lineshape of a relatively weak double-resonance probe pulse (signal) propagates through an open doubly driven N-type five-level atomic system are analytically formulated. It is shown that the signal can be controlled by manipulating the driving contribution of the two coupling fields, so that both superluminal and subluminal propagation can take place simultaneously at two different (probe field induced transition) frequency regimes with reduced absorption/gain. Hence the proposed double-control scheme may be exploited to observe the double-switching effect (i.e. from superluminal to subluminal and vice versa) with negligible distortion. In our realization this double-controlling mechanism may be regarded as simultaneous tuning of two knobs, to regulate the group index of the signal at double-frequency regimes.     

倒Y型四能级量子系统中亚光速和超光速传播现象的转换研究

研究了探测场、耦合场和驱动场三场作用下倒Y型四能级量子系统的光学特性,利用数值模拟的方法探讨了外加相干驱动场的拉比频率和失谐量变化时系统对探测光场吸收特性的影响. 通过绘制三维立体图,发现了探测光场的群速度在电磁诱导透明窗口处的变化规律,并且选择合适的驱动场拉比频率和失谐量,可以在理论上实现亚光速和真空光速以及超光速传播之间的转换. 关键词： 倒Y型四能级 群速度 超光速传播 亚光速传播     

Group velocity of the light pulse in an open V-type system

We investigate the group velocity of the probe light pulse in an open V-type system with spontaneously generated coherence. We find that, not only varying the relative phase between the probe and driving pulses can but varying the atomic exit rate or incoherent pumping rate also can manipulate dramatically the group velocity, even make the pulse propagation switching from subluminal to superluminal; the subliminal propagation can be companied with gain or absorption, but the superluminal propagation is always companied with absorption.     

Roles of Atomic Injection Rate and External Magnetic Field on Optical Properties of Elliptical Polarized Probe Light

In this paper we investigate the optical properties of an open four-level tripod atomic system driven by an elliptically polarized probe field in the presence of the external magnetic field and compare its properties with the corresponding closed system.Our result reveals that absorption,dispersion and group velocity of probe field can be manipulated by adjusting the phase difference between the two circularly polarized components of a single coherent field,magnetic field and cavity parameters i.e.the atomic exit rate from cavity and atomic injection rates.We show that the system can exhibit multiple electromagnetically induced transparency windows in the presence of the external magnetic field.The numerical result shows that the probe field in the open system can be amplified by appropriate choice of cavity parameters,while in the closed system with introduce appropriate phase difference between fields the probe field can be enhanced.Also it is shown that the group velocity of light pulse can be controlled by external magnetic field,relative phase of applied fields and cavity parameters.By changing the parameters the group velocity of light pulse changes from subluminal to superluminal light propagation and vice versa.     

Investigation of atomic coherence in multilevel systems with embedded tunable dark state superposition

The coherent superposition of two-atomic levels induced by coherent population trapping is employed in the two-level system, the standard three-level Λ type scheme and the four-level N-type systems and a weak probe pulse scans across the system. A theoretical analysis about the response of medium to the probe field is given. It is shown that under different initial conditions, the coherent superposition of the dark state exhibits abundant optical phenomena response to the probe field. It can change the absorption or gain and the dispersion relationship in the medium experienced by the probe. In the embedded three-level scheme, the probe experiences a crossover from absorption to transparent and then to amplification. Consequently the group velocity of the probe pulse can be controlled to propagate either as a subluminal, a standard, a superluminal or even a negative speed. In the embedded four-level N-type system, it can give an enhancement to the Giant Kerr effect and overcome the limitation of two-photon absorption, then make the nonlinear properties of the medium richer than the traditional N-type scheme.     

在梯形四能级原子系统中的慢光和超光速传播

研究了梯形四能级冷原子系统的非线性光学行为,在一微波场耦合两上简并能级时双暗态共振将会出现。在合适的参数条件下,系统将表现出正常色散与反常色散之间的转变。改变耦合场和微波场的大小能够调控慢光和超光速间的转变。