交流电桥实验的开发与应用研究

开发了以交流电桥为主线的实验项目,探索了一种基于积木式仪器自主搭建实验电路的设计方法和开放式探究性的实验方法,丰富了大学物理实验内容,开阔了学生的视野,拓展了学生自主设计与创新的思维空间,有效培养了学生的实践能力和创新能力。说明了积木式仪器自主搭建实验电路的设计方法和开放式探究性实验方法的有效性。     

电桥拓展系列实验的开发与研究

开发了以桥式电路为主线的拓展系列实验项目,研究了大学物理实验的新型课程教学体系,探索了一种基于通用型仪器及元器件的积木式自主搭建实验电路设计方法和单元开放式的实验方法,丰富了大学物理实验内容,开阔了学生的视野,拓展了学生设计与创新的思维空间,有效培养了学生的实践能力和创新能力。     

模糊综合评判在学生物理实验技能测评中的应用研究

本文运用模糊综合评判理论,构建了一套综合测评学生物理实验技能的模型与方法,避免了传统的物理实验考试、考核的弊端,提升了物理实验考核的公平、公正和科学性,提高了学生学习大学物理实验课程的兴趣和积极性。     

衍射光栅实验中平行光正入射条件的讨论

针对光栅衍射实验中如何保证平行光正入射光栅表面这一难点,总结出一种在实验教学简单可行、易于学生理解的操作方法。这种实验方法,既包含了分光计调节的基本要求,又能让学生比较容易掌握和理解光栅的衍射理论,提高了实验效率。     

对驻波法测声速实验的初步探讨

从驻波法测声速这一实验原理不易被学生理解的角度出发,初步探讨了如何让学生最大限度理解这一实验原理的方法,从而达到实验教学效果.     

凸透镜成像实验装置的不足及改进

"探究凸透镜成像规律"是初中学生必做的光学实验,也是光学部分的重点.通过学习不仅要使学生了解凸透镜的成像规律,而且要使学生初步了解实验一分析一归纳的科学探究方法,强化学生学习的独立性、主动性.在探究过程中,教师要引导学生对凸透镜的成像规律进行猜想,初步设计实验方案,组织学生用实验探究的方法,得出凸透镜成像的规律.     

大学物理实验考核方式的探讨

大学物理实验是理工科学生必修的一门基础课程,对培养学生科学的实验思想、实验方法和实验分析能力起重要作用.     

静电场实验数据的计算机处理方法

基于MATLAB计算语言提出了一种模拟法测绘静电场实验的数据处理方法。该方法处理数据准确 ,将计算机技术和传统实验相结合 ,可全面提高学生的素质     

大学物理实验数据处理的Matlab应用

物理实验是大学期间的一门主要的基础课,实验数据的处理在物理实验课中占很重要的位置,为了提高学生实验数据的处理能力,研究了Matlab在物理实验数据处理中的应用,与传统的数据处理方法相比,用Matlab处理数据能够有效避免手工处理数据所带来的误差,而且方法简单方便。用Matlab进行数据处理在实验教学中效果明显。学生的实践证明,利用Matlab可以有效地提高学生处理实验数据的能力。     

专业课程实验教学的改革与实践

从实验教学的实际出发,分析了专业课程实验的特点,即知识结构的综合性、实验分布的零散性、授课时段的特殊性以及实验系统的复杂性;围绕提高实验教学质量这一目的,针对专业课程实验教学的现状,提出了理顺实验体系、巧施实验教学方法、规范实验报告要求、量化实验考核标准、开放实验资源等一系列具体改革措施。实验教学改革的实践证明,该改革措施能有效地激发学生对实验课程的学习兴趣,增强学生进行实验研究的动手能力,引导学生的创新思维。     

民用飞机多级健康状态评估技术研究

健康状态评估技术是实现飞机派遣决策的关键技术。本文提出了一种民用飞机多级健康状态评估方法,该方法充分利用各类工程数据、技术数据和可靠性分析数据,建立飞机技术派遣量化评估方法,甄选影响飞机技术派遣的主要参数,并通过对各参数进行权重分配,建立综合量化分析模型,针对专机、VIP及其他特殊航线运行要求,精准高效地为飞机的技术派遣提供决策依据,保证特殊运行航班的安全性以及签派可靠度。经某航空公司的试用效果良好,验证了提出的方法的可行性。     

Tube theory of entangled polymer dynamics

The dynamics of entangled flexible polymers is dominated by physics general to many chemical systems. It is an appealing interdisciplinary field where experimental and theoretical physics can work closely with chemistry and chemical engineering. The role of topological interactions is particularly important, and has given rise to a successful theoretical framework: the 'tube model'. Progress over the last 30 years is reviewed in the light of specially-synthesized model materials, an increasing palette of experimental techniques, simulation and both linear and nonlinear rheological response. Our current understanding of a series of processes in entangled dynamics: 'reptation', 'contour length fluctuation' and 'constraint-release' are set in the context of remaining serious challenges. Especial attention is paid to the phenomena associated with polymers of complex topology or 'long chain branching'.     

Thermodynamics of non-differentiable systems

An axiomatisation of classical thermodynamics previously proposed for a somewhat restricted class of systems whose state spaces are differentiable manifolds is extended to systems whose state spaces are arbitrary connected separable topological spaces. It turns out that such systems need not obey Carathéodory's principle, although they do obey a form of Kelvin's principle.     

On the cognoscibility of the world

A spacetime region of size about 10^?33 cm, where the gravitation interaction becomes strong and which corresponds to the very beginning of the Big Bang theory, is discussed. It is argued for incognizablility of laws that govern phenomena proceeding in this region. It is assumed that basic changes in the entropy, which determine the direction of the time arrow, occur in the same region; therefore, their nature will never be established either. It is conjectured that brain cells are controlled by a quantum computer featuring a large (or even an indefinitely) large number of degenerate states. An external observation removes this degeneracy, rendering impossible the cognition of the consciousness mechanism.     

Emission of bound optical modes of photonic glasses from silica spheres

The effect of bound optical modes of photonic glasses from silica spheres on their luminescence in the visible range of the spectrum is investigated. It is shown that local photonic states give rise to a fine structure in luminescence spectra, positions of the maxima of which depend on the diameters of SiO₂ nano-spheres. A theoretical model of the calculation of characteristic wavelengths of bound modes and values of the Purcell factor for the amplification of spontaneous luminescence into these modes is proposed. It is revealed that the experimental data agree well with theoretical results for the intrinsic luminescence of photonic glasses with different diameters of silica spheres.     

A critical analysis of Helmholtz's argument against Weber's electrodynamics

We present Helmholtz's argument against Weber's electrodynamics. It is related with a fixed charged nonconducting spherical shell and a charged particle moving inside it. Then we utilize Weber's electrodynamics plus Schrödinger's expression for gravitational interactions in order to obtain the equation of motion and to study this situation. We show that this approach avoids the problems pointed out by Helmholtz. Moreover, it indicates that the effective inertial mass of the charged particle will depend not only on the electrostatic potential of the shell but also on its velocity. This is a relevant aspect of Weber's theory.     

Near field of terahertz radiation transmitted through a lateral non-centrosymmetric grating

The transmission of a terahertz (THz) wave through a grating of metallic strips deposited on a flat surface of a dielectric medium has been considered. It has been assumed that the unit cell of the lateral grating does not have a spatial inversion center and the grating period is small compared to the radiation wavelength. The found amplitudes and phases of the spatial harmonics of the transmitted wave in the near field have been used to calculate the components of the tensor of asymmetry parameters responsible for the generation of photocurrents in a doped quantum well embedded in the non-centrosymmetric system under consideration. It has been found that, at a strip height greater than the skin depth, the parameters of the transmitted spatial harmonics are nearly independent of the height. It has been shown that the metallic grating exhibits strong birefringence, and the radiation polarized either circularly or linearly at an angle of 45° with respect to the principal axes of the lateral grating induces superposition of photocurrents owing to the circular or linear electronic ratchet effects.     

Influence of ion bombardment on the profile of the depth distribution of impurity atoms in Si used for solar cells and diode structures

The chemical composition of the surfaces and surface layers of Si samples used in solar cells are studied using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). It is shown that the low-energy implantation of Ba and O ions leads to the redistribution of impurity atoms in the surface layer and can prevent impurity atoms adsorbed onto the surface from penetrating inside the sample.