HFC混合物表面张力的预估方程

表面张力是有沸腾和凝结换热计算必不可少的物性参数，目前国际上已商业化使用或提出的潜在的环保工质，大多数为氢氟烃（ＨＦＣ）混合物，尤其是Ｒ２２和Ｒ５０２的替代物、本文应用对比态原理和重正化群理论，提出了一种新的ＨＦＣ类物质混合物表面张力的预估方程，并与国际上现有的预估式进行了比较分析。新预估式可以在广阔的温度范围内较高精度地再现实验数据，计算精度可以满足工程应用的需要．     

二元致冷剂气体水合物相平衡计算

本文在测定 ＨＦＣ１５２ａ／ＨＣＦＣ１４１ｂ和 ＨＦＣ１３４ａ／ＨＣＦＣ１４１ｂ 二元气体水合物相平衡数据的基础上［３］,建立二元混合气体水合物计算模型和方法。利用 Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ活度系数理论和Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ等温吸附理论建立了水合物相各组成的逸度计算模型,并依据水合物中客体分子的逸度平衡条件进行了混合水合物的相平衡计算。计算结果正确地表征混合气体水合物相平衡特性,并与实验数据较精确吻合。     

致冷剂简单气体水合物相平衡计算

本文从统计热力学理论出发,结合ｖａｎｄｅｒＷａａｌｓ－Ｐｌａｔｔｅｅｕｗ理想固溶休假设。给出ＨＦＣ１５２ａ和ＨＣＦＣ１４１ｂ简单气体水合物相平衡计算模型,并进行计算。计算结果与实验数据进行比较,很好吻合,正确反映了简单致冷剂水合物的相平衡规律。本研究为进一步混合气体水合物相平衡计算打下基础。     

新型环保制冷剂氟化醚类物质的热力学分析

本文筛选了可能作为替代制冷剂的氟化醚类（ＨＦＥｓ）纯物质和混合物,然后对这些工质的制冷循环性能进行了热力学分析。分析结果表明：在醚类纯质及混合物中 ｃ－ＨＦＥ２１６、 ＨＦＥ１４３ａ、 ｃ－Ｅ２－２１６、 ｃ－ＨＦＥ２１６／ＨＦＥ１４３ａ和ｃ－ＨＦＥ２１６／ｃ－Ｅ２－２１６适合替代 ＣＦＣ１２和 ＨＦＣ１３４ａ ; ＨＦＥ１２５适合替代 ＣＦＣ１１５; ＨＦＥ１３４、 ＨＦＥ２４５ｃｂ β和 ＨＦＥ１４３／ＨＦＥ３１－１０适合替代 ＣＦＣ１１４ ; ＨＦＥ３３８ｍｆ、 ＨＦＥ２４５ｆａ、 ＨＦＥ１４３、 ＨＰＥ２６３ｆｂ、 ＨＦＥ２３６ｅａ／ＨＰＥ２４５ｆａ和 ＨＦＥ２３６ｅａ／ＨＦＥ１４３有望成为ＣＦＣ１１的替代物。     

电子被HF和HCl分子散射总截面的计算

利用光学势方法计算了能量在１０ｅＶ—１０００ｅＶ范围内电子被Ｈ、Ｆ和Ｃｌ原子散射的总截面，并与已有的实验结果和理论计算进行了比较；又利用可加性规则（ａｄｄｉｔｉｖｉｔｙｒｕｌｅ）计算得到了电子被ＨＦ和ＨＣｌ分子散射的总截面，计算结果也与已有的实验结果和理论计算进行了比较     

KrFH体系的势能函数与反应动力学研究(Ⅰ)基态KrFH的分析势能函数

使用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＨＦ／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法优化出了基态ＫｒＨＦ为Ｃ∞ｖ结构，而基态ＫｒＦＨ为Ｃｓ结构，同时，计算了平衡几何和离解能，并用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＭＰ２／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法计算了谐性力常数。应用多体项展式法导出了ＫｒＦＨ（Ｘ１Ａ′）体系的分析势能函数，研究了势能面上的主要特征     

范德瓦尔斯分子p—C6H4FCH3...Ar外部振动的共振双光子电离光谱

利用单色共振双光子电离光谱技术研究了ｐ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＦＣＨ３与Ａｒ形成的范德瓦尔斯分子ｐ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＦＣｈ３．．．Ａｒ电子太跃迁Ｏ带附近的光谱，观察到了许多谱带。分析表明，这些谱带，除来自于甲基ＣＨ３内转动跃迁外，都可以归属为Ａｒ相对于ｐ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＦＣＨ３的振动跃迁。在用三维谐湃郛波函数一组合作为基和内德－琼斯作用的基础上，借助量子力学方法计算了ｐ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＦＣＨ３．．．Ａｒ分子中范德瓦斯振动的能级，计     

KrFH体系的势能函数与反应动力学研究：（Ⅰ）基态KrFH的分析…

使用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏＨＥＦ／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法优化出了基态ＫｒＨＦ为Ｃ∞ｖ，基态ＫｒＦＨ为Ｃｓ结构，同时，计算了平衡几何和离解能，并用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＭＰ２／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法计算了谐性力学常数。应用多体项展式法导出了ＫｒＦＨ体系的分析势能函数，研究了势能面上的主要特征。     

CH2体系激发态的量子化学研究

本文使用ＳＣＦ，ＭＣＳＣＦ，ＳＯＣＩ方法计算了ＣＨ２的基态和三个激发态。讨论了总量，稳定性，平衡几何构型和振动频率等性质。所得结果与实验和理论计算的文献值相吻合，并且预言了一个新激发态ｃ＾１∑＾＋ｇ的性质。     

碳氢化合物/HFC227ea二元系的PVTx实验研究

对定容式 ＰＶＴｘ实验装置的恒温、测温和测压系统进行了改进，温度和压力基本测量精度提高到±５ｍＫ和±０．４ ｋＰａ．对 ＨＣ１２７０／ＨＦＣ２２７ｅａ、ＨＣ２９０／ＨＦＣ２２７ｅａ和 ＨＣ１７０／ＨＦＣ２２７ｅａ二元物系进行了 ＰＶＴｘ实验研究．     

梯度理论用于制冷剂混合物表面张力的计算

表面张力是重要的热物性数据,特别对于沸腾和凝结换热的计算是必不可少的。目前国际上已商业化使用或已提出的潜在的环保工质,有多种为HFC混合物,尤其是HCFC-22和R502的替代物。本文应用梯度理论,提出了可用于计算HFC混合物表面张力的模型,给出了混合物相互作用因子关联式的新形式,新模型可以在广阔的温度范围内较高精度地再现实验数据,计算精度可以满足工程应用的需要。     

On Rayleigh's model of a freely oscillating bubble. III. Limits

In the paper the range of bubble sizes for which the effects of gravity, surface tension, viscosity, and heat conduction can be neglected is determined. The equations of motion for macrobubbles and microbubbles are also presented.     

A study of the radiative forcing and global warming potentials of hydrofluorocarbons

We developed a new radiation parameterization of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), using the correlated k-distribution method and the high-resolution transmission molecular absorption (HITRAN) 2004 database. We examined the instantaneous and stratospheric adjusted radiative efficiencies of HFCs for clear-sky and all-sky conditions. We also calculated the radiative forcing of HFCs from preindustrial times to the present and for future scenarios given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES, in short). Global warming potential and global temperature potential were then examined and compared on the basis of the calculated radiative efficiencies. Finally, we discuss surface temperature changes due to various HFC emissions.     

Critical phenomena at evaporation in a thin liquid layer at reduced pressure

This research is concerned with the problem of heat transfer in a thin liquid layer on a horizontal surface, which evaporates at reduced pressure, when structures shaped as “funnels” and “craters” appear on its surface under the action of vapor recoil force. An approximate model that takes into account the surface tension force, gravity force, vapor recoil force, and disjoining pressure is developed. For the experimentally realized shape of curved surface, in the frames of the model, the distribution of vapor recoil force, temperature, pressure, shear stresses, and local heat fluxes along the interface is found. The density of the heat flux corresponding to appearance of a crater at the place of an array of funnels is estimated. The results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements and the estimates by the Kutateladze formula for the first critical heat flux density.     

醇水混合冷却剂表面张力和接触角的测定

喷雾冷却具有散热能力强、冷却工质需求量小等优点,在解决电子器件散热方面具有广阔的应用前景。纯水中添加醇类可以有效提升喷雾冷却性能。为进一步探索醇类添加剂强化喷雾冷却性能的机理,本文开展醇水混合溶液表面张力和接触角的实验测定研究。分别在水中加入不同浓度的乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇、正庚醇和正辛醇等醇类,利用悬滴法探究醇类浓度对溶液的表面张力的影响规律;利用Young-Laplace坐滴法探究醇类浓度对接触角的影响规律。结果表明,水中添加醇类后表面张力降低,且其随醇类溶质浓度的增加而变小,且其下降速率均随浓度的增加越来越慢;添加低醇类添加剂均可降低溶液的接触角,而高醇类接触角随浓度变化没有明显的变化规律。     

水平三维肋管管外凝结换热实验与分析(I实验研究)

本文对不同饱和蒸汽温度下R11在水平Thermoexcel-C管的管外凝结换热性能进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:随着饱和蒸汽温度的提高,C管的凝结换热系数下降。C管凝结换热强化的主要机理在于孤立三维齿结构增大了表面张力减薄凝结表面液膜厚度的作用,而C管凝液淹没区小于相同肋间距的低肋管,且在淹没区内的凝结换热大于低肋管。     

Numerical Simulation for Falling Film Flow Characteristics of Refrigerant on the Smooth and Structured Surfaces

Flow characteristics of a liquid film flowing over a smooth surface and structured surface with the Reynolds number range from 10 to 1121 are studied. The mixture of R21 and R114 refrigerants is used as the test liquid. The 3D transient simulations are taken to capture the liquid film’s dynamic characteristics and spatial distribution. Effects of the inlet dimension, inlet flow rates, surface tension, and surface structuring on the wettability, average velocity, and film thickness are studied systematically. The obtained results show that surface tension is essential for an accurate simulation, while inlet width has no effect on the liquid film parameters in the steady-state flow regime. For low flow rates, wetting area and film thickness both are small, and a suggested range of Reynolds number is chosen to simulate further heat transfer in order to balance the film thickness and dry spots generation. It is shown that a ripple surface structure hinders the liquid film movement, reflected in a lower velocity and a larger film thickness compared to the smooth surface. Lateral movement of a liquid film can also be observed at the structured surface.     

表面张力对Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性谐波的影响

Using the method of the parameter expansion up to the third order, explicitly investigates surface tension effect on harmonics at weakly nonlinear stage in Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) for arbitrary Atwood numbers and compares the results with those of classical RTI within the framework of the third-order weakly nonlinear theory. It is found that surface tension strongly reduces the linear growth rate of time, resulting in mild growth of the amplitude of the fundamental mode, and changes amplitudes of the second and third harmonics, as is expressed as a tension factor coupling in amplitudes of the harmonics. On the one hand, surface tension can either decrease or increase the space amplitude; on the other hand, surface tension can also change their phases for some conditions which are explicitly determined.     

Parameters Affecting Heat Transfer During Condensation Inside Micropipes: Surface Tension Effect. Paper II

Experimental and analytical investigation was carried out to show the effect of surface tension on the heat transfer coefficient of gas flow inside micropipe heat exchangers during the condensation process. An empirical correlation was formulated for the coefficient of the convective heat transfer. A comprehensive comparison between the experimental results with published correlations in the literature and that obtained by the developed correlation was conducted. The results showed that the predicted heat transfer coefficient of the proposed correlation was closer to the experimental results than any other correlation, a finding related to the consideration of the surface tension.