共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 703 毫秒
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对面心立方(fcc)、体心立方(bcc)和六角密堆积(hcp)三种不同结构的晶体,在假设它们的原胞中包含8个价电子并将价电子近似为自由电子的情况下,采用“自由电子气理论”和“自由电子能带模型”,研究其根据费米球确定的费米能级EF与根据自由电子能带模型计算的平均键能Em。研究结果表明,由自由电子能带模型计算所得3种不同结构晶体(因而电子密度也不一样)的平均键能Em等于各自自由电子系统的费米能级EF。平均键能Em是我们在异质结带阶理论计算中建议的一种参考能级,研究结果在深化对平均键能Em物理实质认识的同时,提供了一种借助于自由电子能带模型计算自由电子系统费米能级EF的新方法。 相似文献
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采用不同方法B3P86,B3LYP,MP2和LSDA,结合Dunning的相关一致基组cc-PVTZ,对聚合型硼氢化物(BH3)n(n=1-3)分子的可能几何构型进行优化计算,得出最稳定构型的几何参数、电子结构、振动频率和光谱等性质参数,并给出了最稳定结构的总能量(ET),结合能(EBT),平均结合能(Eav),电离势(EIP),能隙(Eg),费米能级(EF)等.结果表明:采用密度泛函DFT中的方法B3P86计算的能量最低,结构参数更接近文献值;三种硼氢化物分子基态都为1重态,电子态分别为1A',1A和1A; BH3分子的最稳定几何构型为平面三角形结构;B2H6为对称性乙烯式D2h立体结构,H-B之间生成氢桥式三中心双电子键;B3H9为C3ν立体结构,也生成氢桥式三中心双电子键,但三个氢桥三中心双电子键彼此隔离.最后分析了三种氢化物的红外和拉曼光谱、平均结合能、电离势、能隙和费米能级等特性,说明(BH3)n(n=1-3)三分子中B2H6最稳定,H-B桥键键长比端键更长,最强峰红外光谱强度最大.
关键词:
聚合型硼氢化物
几何构型
光谱 相似文献
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在密度泛函理论下,用缀加平面波加局域轨道方法,分别采用广义梯度近似(GGA)和局域密度近似(LDA)对金的面心立方晶格结构(fcc)、体心立方晶格结构(bcc)和六角密堆积结构(hcp)的结构能量进行了计算.在GGA下,计算得出fcc向hcp和hcp向bcc的相变分别发生在380GPa 和1250GPa;而LDA下相变分别发生在490GPa和790GPa.当计算压强达到2TPa时,bcc在这两种近似下仍然保持稳定的结构.根据不同体积下不同结构的电子态密度的特征,对发生相变的物理原因进行了定性的分析,在此基础上得到了金的零温状态方程.
关键词:
缀加平面波方法
固态相变
电子态密度
物态方程 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理计算研究了 (Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 (BST) 晶体在高压下的电子结构及能带变化行为. 研究结果发现,随着压强的增加,BST能带间隙先增加,在压强为55 GPa时达到最大值,然后减小,这些有趣的结果将有助于开发与设计新的BST铁电器件. 进一步地,通过电子态密度和密度分布图的研究分析可知:在低压区域(0
55 GPa),则是出现的离域现象占主导(电子的离域作用超过键态的作用),从而使带隙减小. 关键词: 钛酸锶钡 第一性原理 高压 能带间隙 相似文献
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利用扩展x射线吸收精细结构和x射线衍射研究了机械合金化制备的体心立方(bcc)的亚稳态Fe80Cu20合金固溶体的结构随退火温度的变化特点.结果表明,在300—873 K温度范围内,随着退火温度的升高,bcc结构物相的晶格常数近于线性降低,这主要是由于Cu原子从bcc结构Fe80Cu20合金固溶体中逐渐偏析出来,生成面心立方(fcc)结构的Cu物相所致.经603K退火后,Cu原子的平均键长RCu—Cu增加了0.003 nm左右,大约有50%的Cu原子从bcc结构的Fe80Cu20合金固溶体中偏析出来.在773 K退火后,bcc结构Fe80Cu20合金固溶体近于完全相分离,生成了bcc结构的α-Fe与fcc结构的Cu物相.
关键词:
扩展x射线吸收精细结构
x射线衍射
80Cu20合金')" href="#">Fe80Cu20合金
机械合金化 相似文献
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采用第一性原理局域密度近似法计算了V2O5的电子态密度和能带结构以及Li嵌入后对其电子结构和光学性质的影响。计算结果表明,V2O5是间接带隙半导体,Li的嵌入并没有改变其电子的跃迁方式。但Li的嵌入使得V2O5导带能量下移,禁带宽度减小,导带中原有的劈裂被分裂的能级填满;同时致使价带出现展宽。电子态密度计算结果表明Li的嵌入对临近的O和V的电子结构有较大的影响。Li2s电子的注入提高了V2O5的费米能级并导致其进入导带。由于价带中的电子只能跃迁到费米能级以上的导带空能级,这致使体系实际的光学带隙增大。同时随着Li注入量的进一步增加,价带的展宽更为明显,费米能级亦呈升高的趋势,使得光学带隙随着Li注入量的增加而增大。 相似文献
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采用LMTO能带方法,对两种不同应变状态下(自由形变和以InP为衬底),应变层超晶格(InAs)1(InP)1(001)和与应变层超晶格的分子层相对应的应变体材料,以及无应变的体材料进行了第一原理计算,并采用冻结势方法求出了两种超晶格各分子层的平均键能。结果表明,能存在应变的情况下,异质界面两边的平均键能非常一致,且这种一致性受应变状态的影响很小,因而可以把它用来作为确定应变层超晶格价带边不连续值(△Ev)的普遍适用的参考能级。研究了应变对
关键词: 相似文献
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The question raised recently about whether the high-pressure phase transitions of Mg follow a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) → body centered cubic (bcc) or hcp → double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) → bcc sequence at room temperature is examined by the use of first principles density functional methods. Enthalpy calculations show that the bcc structure replaces the hcp structure to become the most stable structure near 48 GPa, whereas the dhcp structure is never the most stable structure in the pressure range of interest. The characterized phase-transition mechanisms indicate that the hcp → dhcp transition is also associated with a higher enthalpy barrier. At room temperature, the structural sequence hcp → bcc is therefore more energetically favorable for Mg. The same conclusion is also reached from the simulations of the phase transitions using metadynamics methods. At room temperature, the metadynamics simulations predict the onset of a hcp → bcc transition at 40 GPa and the transition becomes more prominent upon further compression. At high temperatures, the metadynamics simulations reveal a structural fluctuation among the hcp, dhcp, and bcc structures at 15 GPa. With increasing pressure, the structural evolution at high temperatures becomes more unambiguous and eventually settles to a bcc structure once sufficient pressure is applied. 相似文献
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采用分子动力学方法对液态金属In的快速凝固过程进行计算机模拟跟踪研究.运用HA键型指 数法和原子成团类型指数法分析了金属原子In的成键类型和形成的原子团簇结构.发现:与通常的液态金属(如Al)相反,随着温度的降低,二十面体及与二十面体相关的1 551 键越来越少;与四方体,六角密堆积相关的1421,1422和1431键数目总和变化很小;而与菱 面体相关的132l,1311,1301和1201的数目却随着温度的降低而显著增加,逐渐占据优势 .最后形成一种新型的以菱面体结构为主、夹杂着立方体(fcc,bcc)
关键词:
液态金属In
微结构转变
团簇结构
分子动力学
计算机模拟 相似文献
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El Sayed Yousef Amin El-Adawy E.R. Shaaban 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2006,67(8):1649-1655
The optical and acoustic properties of tellurite glasses in the system TeO2/ZrO2/WO3 have been investigated. The refractive index at different wavelengths and the optical spectra of the glasses have been measured. From the refractive index and absorption edge studies for prepared glasses, the optical parameter viz; optical band gap (Eopt), Urbach energy, (ΔE), dispersion energy, Ed, and the average oscillator energy, E0, have been calculated. Sound velocities were measured by pulse echo technique. From these velocities and densities values, various elastic moduli were calculated. The variations in the refractive index, optical energy gap and elastic moduli with WO3 content have been discussed in terms of the glass structure. Quantitatively, we used the bond compression model for analyzing the room temperature elastic moduli data. By calculating the number of bonds per unit volume, the average stretching force constant, and the average ring size we can extract valuable information about the structure of the present glasses. 相似文献
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Yingting Ye Li Yang Tianle Yang Jinlan Nie Shuming Peng Xinggui Long Xiaotao Zu Jincheng Du 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2015,88(6):161
Ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to investigate the structural and the elastic properties of solid molecular hydrogens (H2). The influence of molecular axes of H2 on structural relative stabilities of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and face-centered cubic (fcc) structured hydrogen molecular crystals were systematically investigated. Our results indicate that for hcp structures, disordered hydrogen molecule structure is more stable, while for fcc structures, Pa3 hydrogen molecular crystal is most stable. The cohesive energy of fcc H2 crystal was found to be lower than hcp. The mechanical properties of fcc and hcp hydrogen molecular crystals were obtained, with results consistent with previous theoretical calculations. In addition, the effects of zero point energy (ZPE) and van der Waals (vdW) correction on the cohesive energy and the stability of hydrogen molecular crystals were systematically studied and discussed. 相似文献
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采用嵌入原子势和分子动力学方法,模拟了单晶铁在一维应变条件下由体心立方(bcc)转变为六角密排(hcp)结构的微观过程. 当应变加载至相变临界值时,hcp相开始均匀形核并沿{011}晶面长大为薄片状体系.弹性常数C31和C32在相变前被逐渐硬化,C33则在相变前出现软化行为;当体系完全相变后,上述各弹性常数显示开始随体积压缩而迅速硬化,温度效应对晶格具有软化作用,可削弱C33的硬化和软化过程;样品在压缩过程可出现孪晶结构,孪晶结构使晶格发生剪切变形.混合相中,hcp相势能比bcc相高,最大剪应力方向与bcc相反向;系统的偏应力与hcp相质量分数近似呈线性关系.
关键词:
结构转变
分子动力学
一维应变 相似文献
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The effect of chemisorption of a single atom on the (001) surface of a bcc metal is investigated via the Green's function and the phase shift techniques using the LCAO method and the tight-binding approximation. In particular, we obtain the change in the electronic density of states Δn due to two different binding sites, the on-site and the centered four-fold-site. For each site, the adatom energy level Ea is placed both inside and outside the band, and several adatom-substrate interaction strengths σ are considered. By varying these parameters we obtain a qualitative understanding of the effects on Δn due to either the adsorption of different atoms or a readjustment of Ea arising from a flow of charge onto or away from the adsorbed atom. We compare our results to previous studies of chemisorption on the (001) surface of an s-band simple cubic crystal and find that, although some details distinctive of the bcc metal arise, the overall qualitative features are the same. 相似文献