共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
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《光子学报》2020,(7)
针对薄壁零件变形量测量困难且过程繁琐的问题,提出了一种基于双目视觉的薄壁零件变形量测量方法 .对于零件表面变形量的测量,将具有基准坐标系标记点的刚性金属块安装在被测零件上,并在零件表面粘贴多个设计的编码标志点和彩色圆形定位点.利用彩色标记点分割出基准坐标系和编码标记点的有效图像区域,排除干扰图像特征.进行基准坐标系标记点和编码标记点的识别和检测,利用设计的角点结构实现标记点圆心的精确定位,并计算得到测量点的三维坐标.在基准坐标系下,通过计算零件变形前后表面关键点的三维坐标变化得到工件表面变形量.对于零件边缘变形,采用改进Canny边缘检测算法提取零件边缘的有效轮廓信息,并利用极线几何约束和灰度相似性对边缘特征进行了立体匹配和三维重建.薄壁零件变形量测量实验和测量精度验证实验表明该测量方法合理有效且测量精度满足要求. 相似文献
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在线结构光三维测量系统中,高精度激光条纹中心线提取是提高测量精度的关键。针对现有激光中心线存在提取精度不高、保留细节差等问题,提出了一种基于法线引导的激光中心线提取算法。该算法具体实现步骤为:首先,对图像进行预处理,结合边缘检测和几何中心法对激光线初步提取;然后,用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)求取其法线,在激光中心点处划分角度八邻域,通过法线角度引导搜寻有效点集;最后,利用灰度重心法对点集进行亚像素提取。实验结果表明:该算法均方根误差与灰度重心法相比提高了0.233 9像素,比Steger算法、方向模板法更好地保留了光条细节,可以更精确地提取光条中心,达到亚像素级的精度。 相似文献
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在对某些精密产品实现自动化生产过程中,存在难以对装配该产品所需的多种装配小零件进行高精度自动测量与装配的问题。针对该问题,搭建了基于机器视觉技术的自动化测量与装配系统。基于Halcon图像处理软件平台,对零件图像进行了中值滤波、图像增强等预处理;采用了Canny算法对零件求取像素精度的边缘,并运用椭圆曲线拟合法获取了亚像素精度边缘;建立了两种相机镜头畸变模型,采用径向排列约束(RAC)标定法与张正友标定法对相机进行了标定,并对标定精度进行了对比;实验结果表明:本系统的装配同轴度精度能达到0.05mm,零件尺寸测量标准差低于3.8μm,满足工业需求,可以解决工业实际问题。 相似文献
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改进的Zernike矩工业CT图像边缘检测 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为提高工业计算机断层扫描(CT)图像亚像素边缘检测的精度和速度,研究了一种改进的Zernike矩边缘检测方法。该方法采用Sobel边缘算子快速检测出图像所有可能的边缘,通过Zernike矩算子对所有可能的边缘进行重新检测,最后,检测出图像的亚像素边缘并计算其精确位置。由于采用Sobel算子检测出可能的边缘使后续Zernike矩算子检测范围缩小,从而减小了运算量,提高了运算速度。对实际CT图像进行的实验结果表明:改进的Zernike矩工业CT图像边缘检测精度绝对误差<0.24 pixel,改进算法的运算速度提高了约70%。 相似文献
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基于视觉的图像处理技术逐渐成熟,将图像处理应用在工件检测中也被广泛认同;利用图像检测螺纹的技术和装置也不断被改进和完善。针对螺纹图像检测中连续性较低、精度不高的问题,设计了一种连续自动螺纹检测系统。在圆盘上均匀分配四个工位,由电机和分割器带动,实现螺纹检测过程的放置提取、工件判断、表面除杂以及图像采集四个过程;高精度工业相机获取的螺纹图像,应用Labview中Vision assistant模块,实现图像的几何畸变矫正、边缘检测、目标分割、图像标定、参数计算和检测。经过实验证明,该系统实现了螺纹检测的自动化,并且提高了螺纹检测的精度。 相似文献
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针对双目视觉定位与测量中某些被测物体角点不明显导致检测精度不高的问题,提出一种基于亚像素边缘拟合的双目视觉定位与测量方法。利用双目系统标定的结果对拍摄的图像进行去畸变和立体校正处理;使用Zernike矩方法对预处理的图像进行亚像素边缘检测,对获得的亚像素点进行聚类和拟合,计算拟合曲线的交点;根据对极几何原理来完成左右图像中的交点的立体匹配,利用视差及三角测距原理获得被测物体的位置信息及其尺寸。实验结果表明,新的方法能较好地解决角点不明显导致双目视觉立体匹配和定位精度问题,并能提高检测效率。 相似文献
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在西林瓶生产过程中,尺寸是一项重要的产品质量判断标准,与传统的西林瓶尺寸人工检测方法相比,基于机器视觉的自动检测具有巨大优越性。为实现西林瓶尺寸的检测,提出了一种基于机器视觉的西林瓶尺寸检测方案,设计了系统的图像采集和背光源照明方案,通过中值滤波对图像进行去噪,利用对图像像素点的运算算法,对图像的灰度进行了校正变换,增强图像的对比度,采用Canny算子成功提取西林瓶边缘,在HALCON平台下实现了西林瓶尺寸测量。设定系统标定方法并选取15个2mL样品西林瓶进行测试,结果表明,该方法对西林瓶尺寸检测快速准确,边缘量化精度达到了亚像素级别,检测精度为0.02mm,满足西林瓶生产的参数测量精度要求,为工业生产产品尺寸的自动检测提供了一种有效的新途径。 相似文献
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To separate substandard workpieces from products, sub-pixel edge location with Logistic edge model is proposed for dimensional measurement. In the first step, workpiece rotation is corrected with high precision image rotation to reduce the measurement error and simplify the edge model. Secondly, Logistic edge model is utilized for fitting the discrete edge data to locate the sub-pixel workpiece edge and model parameters are estimated through the objective function in terms of the difference between assumed model and real image data. Finally, an edge pixel compensation method is presented with edge pixel compensation value, which weakens the effect of edge transition zone effectively. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for dimensional measurement with the relative error less than 0.05%. 相似文献
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Tong Qing-bin 《Journal of Russian Laser Research》2011,32(6):537-546
The detection of thickness provides important information on the production process of the quartz pendulous reed (QRP). Through
real-time detection of QPR thickness, high-quality products can be produced, and defective products can be identified and
removed. In order to improve detection accuracy and efficiency, a novel noncontact method for measuring the QPR thickness
by combining the polarized reflectance and vision image is presented, which can be automated. Based on Snell’s law of fundamental
optics, the image of the laser spot is obtained by a laser vision system. The selection criterion of the laser incident angle
is analyzed. An improved edge detection algorithm is proposed to locate the subpixel edge of the laser spot, and the calculation
method of the laser spot center is presented based on a set of subpixel edge-point data obtained by defining an error function
which is to optimize the distribution of data points and minimize it. Experimental results show that the method proposed has
good stability and high measurement accuracy, which can achieve noncontact accurate measurement of QPR thickness. 相似文献
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For vision measurement in the center circle landmark location problem, an improved center of the ellipse based on Zernike moments sub-pixel positioning algorithm was proposed. First, using Sobel operator edge of the image pixel level positioning and then use the constructed Zernike moments to solve the model, combined with Zernike orthogonal polynomials and completeness and plural moment magnitude rotational invariance calculated edge sub-pixel position; followed by analysis of the principle deviation generated by the moments template and ideals model, a correction formula was proposed to compensate and improved edge criterion used to image sub-pixel edge positioning; finally, using the least-squares ellipse fitting algorithm fitting circle center, reverse edge point, filtered residuals larger point, and then precise positioning of the ellipse center. The experimental results show that this method has good stability and high positioning accuracy can be efficiently used in many applications. 相似文献
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In this paper, the distance between laser spots has been measured using sub-pixel accuracy estimation and the accuracy has been tested in a noise environment. Here, the correlation like method (CLM) is used for the distance measurement between two laser spots and to count the estimation precision effect under noise factor by relevant CLM theorems. From the maximum value of the data series, then the position of the center of laser spot can be derived by interpolation. The estimation precision effect under noise factor and DC offset are tested and analyzed by a computer system. Also, for improving the estimation precision, a Kalman filter, which is often applied for random estimation and control theorem, is adopted. The innovation research combines CLM, and Kalman filter in sub-pixel accuracy estimation is more precise. This method can be used for measuring the gap of LCD glass plates, of optical strain gauge and the characteristics of spectral, quickly and can be automated. 相似文献
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针对当前电气化铁路接触网几何参数日常检测的需求,提出了一种基于激光扫描的接触网几何参数检测方法,即结合激光扫描仪、光电编码器和工控机等硬件设备进行编程处理以实现相关几何参数的非接触式采集、采样点定位和数据处理以获得接触网的各个几何参数,经试验该方法能有效的提高接触网几何参数检测精度,测量精度达到±3mm,具有实际意义。 相似文献