共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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以热传导流入肋片热量与通过空气与肋片间的对流所散出的热量及湿空气凝结所需热量之和相等作为条件,构建了可以实际反映温室环境影响下的植物生长用LED灯具散热结构的温度分布模型。通过实验结合仿真模拟,实现对温室环境的物理仿真模型的建立,并以模型得到了灯具处于最为恶劣的工况下的空气物理参数。结合具体的空气物理参数以及所构建的数学模型,计算出了悬挂在温室中部2.5 m高度处的150W植物生长用LED灯具在最为恶劣的工况下的散热结构关键节点的温度数值,并运用红外热像仪,对关键温度节点进行了收集。数据表明,计算值与实验值及仿真值的数值误差均不超过5%,验证了模型的正确性,对具体的植物生长用LED灯具的散热结构的设计具有积极的指导作用。 相似文献
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分析了直冷电冰箱单路、双路、多路循环及双机、双级制冷循环,进行了系统匹配性、市场占有率、成本及其COP值比较。针对双路循环存在的频繁开停机现象,提出了完善控制方式及采用双稳态电磁阀的变温技术。变温室蒸发器与冷冻室蒸发器串联,其前串联双稳态电磁阀2,并在变温室蒸发器上并联双稳态电磁阀1,据变温室温度设定改变双稳态电磁阀通断实现两个循环支路交替制冷。冷藏室温度控制压缩机启停,变温室温度仅控制双稳态电磁阀通断,实现切换制冷剂流向目的。应用该循环方式及相关措施研制的BCD-188CH直冷电冰箱最大负荷日耗电0.38度,变温情况下耗电在0.35度以下,最低达0.31度。 相似文献
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温室覆盖材料的热学性质 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合理论与实验,本文对温室内常用的几种覆盖材料的热学性质进行了研究。通过实验测试了不同材料的全辐射透射率,在一些大型温室中进行了温室太阳辐射的实验研究。在实验的基础上,对温室内外的太阳辐射强度进行了模拟。应用传热学基本原理,在合理假设的基础上,对温室覆盖材料的传热系数进行了模拟。 相似文献
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郑玉权 《中国光学与应用光学文摘》2011,(6)
阐述了温室气体遥感探测技术的发展历程。详细介绍了几种国外先进的高光谱分辨率温室气体遥感探测仪器的设计理念、工作方式、谱段设置和主要技术指标。综述了温室气体探测技术从综合性探测仪器到专用温室气体探测仪器的发展过程,指出了温室气体探测仪器未来发展方向,包括高光谱分辨率、高空间分辨率,宽覆盖范围,短覆盖周期以及高信噪比等。 相似文献
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温室气体遥感探测仪器发展现状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述了温室气体遥感探测技术的发展历程。详细介绍了几种国外先进的高光谱分辨率温室气体遥感探测仪器的设计理念、工作方式、谱段设置和主要技术指标。综述了温室气体探测技术从综合性探测仪器到专用温室气体探测仪器的发展过程,指出了温室气体探测仪器未来发展方向,包括高光谱分辨率、高空间分辨率,宽覆盖范围,短覆盖周期以及高信噪比等。 相似文献
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针对传统温室控制系统大多只是简单地采集环境参数如空气温湿度,并且缺乏长期评估和有效反馈机制的问题,文章提出了一种基于无线传感网的温室花卉自适应调控方法,并实现了一个综合传感、决策、执行反馈的软硬件系统。为此,系统中设计了基于Zigbee的传感器节点模块、传输网关和控制指令集。传感器节点模块可以灵活地布置并实时可靠的传输数据。中间件系统则通过控制指令集接收传感数据和发送反馈控制指令。上层应用管理软件可以实时查看花卉、温室和设备的实时状态以及各种参数。运行结果表明,本系统可以实时采集温室温湿度,并结合专家规则通过中间件系统对花卉生长环境进行有效的评估和精准的反馈调控,达到了在降低温室花卉培育成本的同时,也提高了高端花卉培育成功率的目的。 相似文献
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A mid-infrared carbon dioxide sensor with wireless and anti-condensation capability was experimentally demonstrated for greenhouse application. The sensor included an optical module integrated in a multi-pass gas chamber using the dual-channel detection method to suppress environmental noise. Considering the condensation phenomenon in the greenhouse, the optical chamber was protected with a breathable waterproof coverage. The field test demonstrated that the internal optical framework was kept in stable relative humidity, ensuring the sensor’s applicability in the greenhouse. For wireless communication, received signal strength indication was used to ensure the reliability of link quality and enable smart power regulation. In related experiments, there was a satisfying performance in terms of stability and error detection within the measurement range of 30???5000?ppm. Without increasing the integral time, the limit of detection of the sensor was at least 30?ppm, which was acceptable for greenhouse application. A field test was carried out in Town Shelin of Jilin Province, China and the test showed the proposed sensor had relatively good prospect for application in fine agriculture. 相似文献
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可见光光谱和支持向量机的温室黄瓜霜霉病图像分割 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对温室现场环境下采集的黄瓜霜霉病叶片图像中存在光照不均匀和背景复杂的问题,提出了一种基于可见光光谱和支持向量机的温室黄瓜霜霉病图像分割方法。首先,提出了一种基于可见光谱的颜色特征CVCF(combination of three visible color features)及其检测方法,该颜色特征将超红特征(excess red,ExR)、H分量和b*分量三种颜色特征结合,通过设置ExR参数,降低光照条件对ExR的影响,克服了光照不均匀对病斑分割的影响。在CVCF的基础上,结合基于径向基核函数的支持向量机分类器,通过优化分类器参数构建病斑分割模型,获得了温室黄瓜霜霉病图像初始分割结果。在初始分割结果基础上,采用SURF(speeded up robust features)特征及形态学操作,对分割结果进一步优化,消除背景噪声对分割结果的影响,从而获得最终病斑分割结果。为进一步验证方法的有效性,选择了OTSU算法、K均值聚类算法和决策树算法,作对比研究。结果表明,OTSU+H*0.2,K-means+H+b*,DT+H+b*和该研究算法的错分率分别为:19.44%,40.19%,16.27%和7.37%,该算法对温室现场环境下采集的黄瓜霜霉病图像的分割效果明显优于其他对比方法。该方法能够充分克服光照不均匀和复杂背景的影响准确地提取病斑,为病害识别提供了良好的数据来源。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Evaluation of soil fertility is required for the sustainable production in greenhouses; however, routine agrochemical analytical methods are not practical since most of them are too time consuming and costly. In this study, Fourier transform midinfrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) was applied as an alternative technique in the fast characterization of greenhouse soils. Nine source clays and 235 soil samples were obtained from different greenhouses in China, and their counterpart open-field soils were also sampled for comparison. The FTIR-PAS spectra of soil clays and soils were recorded with the wave-number range of 600–4000 cm?1, and clear differences were observed among the spectra; soil organic matter (SOM) and soil clay played the main role in the spectral absorption. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models coupled to optimized spectral pretreatment were used to predict greenhouse soil properties, and FTIR-PAS spectra were closely related to SOM (R2 = 0.94) and soil total nitrogen (R2 = 0.90). For the other soil properties—such as pH, EC, water extractable P, K, Fe, and Cu—the calibration results were excellent or acceptable. These results suggested that FTIR-PAS could be used to determine most of greenhouse soil properties. Since the technique of FTIR-PAS is rapid and inexpensive, and it requires no sample pretreatment and little sample mass, it can be used in fast characterization of greenhouse soil and is a promising method for the management of greenhouse soil. 相似文献
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温室效应和TEWI值 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
1前言当前一个重要的环境变化就是全球变暖,其直接原因是大气中CO_2和其它温室气体浓度的增加。毫无疑问,增加的CO_2来自大量燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林和绿地的减少,其它温室气体大多亦是人造气体,。总之是人为破坏环境的结果。本文以当今人们最为关心的全球变暖问题为背景,对制冷工质和系统的温室效应问题进行深入的研究和分析。2地球CO_2浓度变化的历史随着年代的变迁,CO_2的浓度在地球历史上一直在变化。分析南极冰层中气泡成份可得到16万年以来CO_2浓度变化数据,在冰川期为180PPmv,在温暖期为280PPmv。CO_2的浓度变化直接… 相似文献
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Summary Great interest in the problem of the atmospheric greenhouse effect (not only in scientific publications, but also in mass
media), on the one hand, and the undoubtfully overemphasised contribution of the greenhouse effect to the global climate change,
on the other hand, motivate a necessity to analyse the role which the greenhouse effect plays as a factor of climate change.
Significant progress in the analysis of existing observational data as well as succesful development of numerical climate
modelling which have been achieved during the recent few years create a basis for a new survey of the atmospheric greenhouse
effect in the context of global climate change. Such a survey is the principal purpose of this paper. After discussing a notion
of the greenhouse effect, the detailed analysis of the present-day and paleoclimatic observational data has been conducted
with subsequent consideration of numerical modelling results. A special attention has been paid to assessments of the greenhouse
warmingvs. aerosol cooling. Then possibilities of the early detection of a greenhouse climate signal have been analysed and a few comments
on the global climate observing system have been made with the general conclusion that more observations and further numerical
modelling efforts are necessary to more reliably assess the contributions of various mechanisms to the observed global climate
changes. It is only in the context of a coupled totality of significant climate forming factors and processes that the contribution
of the greenhouse effect may be estimated. 相似文献
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FTIR监测北京地区CO2和CH4及其变化分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
近几十年来,温室效应导致地表温度明显上升,其所引起的全球气候变迁问题越来越受到人们的关注.CO2和CH4是大气中主要的两种人为温室气体,对它们进行连续的测量,获取它们长时间变化情况对大气环境科学具有重要的意义.目前国内监测这两种气体的主要手段是气相色谱方法.鉴于傅里叶变换红外光谱技术的优点,使用开放式长光程FTIR系统在北京地区对这两种气体进行了监测.该系统直接测量开放光路中的环境气体的大气吸收光谱,并使用非线性最小二乘方法进行光谱分析,获取待测组分的浓度信息.在实验部分给出了2005年9月4日到2005年9月10日6天中的北京地区CO2及CH4的测量结果,并对两者的变化趋势和相关性进行了分析. 相似文献
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利用一维辐射传递方程及LBLRTM逐线积分模式建立计算模型,对工业革命前与目前大气构成情况下温室效应的能量分布及其光谱吸收机理进行分析,在保持温室气体浓度为当前水平的基础上,研究温室效应能量分布与地表温度之间的相互耦合机理.结果表明:工业革命前地球的温暖环境主要来自于大气温室气体的(100~370)cm-1、(640~710)cm-1以及(1370~2000)cm-1三个强吸收带对于地球长波辐射的吸收,而地球当前的变暖则源自于大气的(370~640)cm-1和(710~1370)cm-1两个弱吸收带的作用,其对工业革命以来所额外增加的温室效应贡献分别达到了25%和55%;地表温度升高,温室效应在全波段范围内也会随之增强,但不同谱带处的温室效应贡献以地球平均温度所对应的辐射峰值波数为界线,峰值波数右侧的温室效应贡献将会增加,在其左侧的贡献比例则会减小. 相似文献