一种S波段磁绝缘线振荡器的高频特性研究

 用数值计算的方法计算了S波段磁绝缘线振荡器（S-MILO）的主慢波结构谐振腔的π/4模、π/2模、3π/4模和π模的谐振频率，分别为1.40，2.21，2.46和2.51 GHz；计算出S-MILO封闭腔中的谐振频率依次为1.26，2.04，2.42和2.53 GHz，并计算了本征π模时的Q值。通过监测宽带激励源响应计算出S-MILO开放腔的谐振频率为2.43 GHz。对S-MILO开放腔传输特性研究表明：频率为2.25～3.05 GHz的微波，在第一腔内得到了有效抑制，输出微波的频率范围为2.2～2.5 GHz。通过对其传输特性进行研究，验证了S-MILO的高频电磁结构的合理设计。     

室温CH腔体的单元腔近似优化

 CH（cross-bar H-type structure）结构是近几年提出的一种适用于低β的新型DTL(drift tube linac)加速结构，同IH（interdigital H-type structure）结构相比，CH结构可以工作在更高的频率（150~700 MHz）下，从而可以得到更高的输出能量（150 MeV）。由于DTL腔体为准周期结构，通过对单元腔的MWS(microwave studio)模拟及优化，得到了工作频率为350 MHz，单核能从6 MeV到66 MeV时的腔体并联阻抗及其它腔体参数，并对腔体单元数对腔体特性参数及谐振频率的影响做了定性分析。分析表明：对于CH结构，其有效并联阻抗远大于传统的DTL结构，对于350 MHz的工作频率，在6 MeV时将近100 MΩ/m，即使在能量高达66 MeV时，其有效并联阻抗也大于40 MΩ/m；单元腔近似是一种非常有效的分析DTL加速结构的方法，单元腔计算结果和整腔计算结果相比，谐振频率的相对偏差小于1%; 对于有效并联阻抗的计算，误差也在10%之内。     

双间隙输出腔开放腔的高频特性分析

 建立了S波段相对论速调管放大器双间隙输出腔开放腔的3维模型。采用时域有限差分法，通过监测激励电流源的响应计算了该双间隙输出腔的谐振频率、有载Q值、场分布以及特性阻抗，并分析了腔体结构尺寸对谐振频率、有载Q值和特性阻抗的影响。研究表明：腔体半径对开放腔的谐振频率影响很大，耦合孔尺寸对腔体谐振频率的影响较小；随着耦合孔张角增加，有载Q值逐渐减小；随着腔体半径增大、间隙的减小，腔体特性阻抗降低。研究结果可为S波段强流相对论速调管放大器双间隙输出腔的设计提供理论依据。     

Helmholtz水声换能器弹性壁液腔谐振频率研究

针对传统Helmholtz水声换能器设计中刚性壁假设的局限性,将Helmholtz腔体的弹性计入到液腔谐振频率计算中,实现低频弹性Helmholtz水声换能器液腔谐振频率精确设计.基于细长圆柱壳腔体的低频集中参数模型,导出了腔体弹性引入的附加声阻抗表达式,得到了弹性壁条件下Helmholtz水声换能器等效电路图,给出了考虑了末端修正的弹性壁Helmholtz共振腔液腔谐振频率计算公式.利用ANSYS软件建立了算例模型,仿真分析了不同材质、半径、长度时的Helmholtz共振腔液腔谐振频率.结果对比表明弹性理论值与仿真值符合得很好,相比起传统的刚性壁理论计算结果,本文的弹性壁理论得出的液腔谐振频率值有所降低,与真实情况更加接近.本文的结论可以为精确设计低频弹性Helmholtz水声换能器提供理论支持.     

磁绝缘线振荡器谐振腔的高频特性研究

 利用数值方法计算了磁绝缘线振荡器(MILO)主慢波结构谐振腔和扼流腔的谐振频率和场分布。结果表明：当主慢波结构腔内半径为4.6 cm,扼流腔内半径为4.2 cm，阴极半径为3 cm时，MILO工作在3.6~4.4 GHz频率范围，扼流片可以阻止微波功率向脉冲功率源泄漏，这有利于提高器件微波输出的功率；4.5~4.9GHz频段为慢波结构的阻带，微波在该频段截止。计算了C波段MILO开放腔的谐振频率，当模式分别为3π/8,π/2,5π/8,3π/4时，其谐振频率分别为3.18,3.76,4.00,4.11 GHz;并通过实验测出了开放腔的谐振频率,其相应的值分别为3.80,3.94,4.08.4.18 GHz, Q分别为194，143，231，468。数值计算的谐振频率与实验测出的频率基本一致。     

用多极理论分析圆桩对称微波谐振腔

用多极理论计算具有复杂几何形状、圆柱对称微波腔的谐振频率,推导出用多极理论计算圆柱对称微波腔谐振频率的本征值方程。三个工程实例的计算结果表明,用多极理论计算圆柱对称微波腔谐振频率,不仅具有较高的计算精度,而且可以很方便地应用于复杂几何形状圆柱对称微波腔工程问题的设计与计算,多极理论是计算圆柱对称微波腔谐振频率的一种有效方法。     

用多极理论分析圆柱对称微波谐振腔

 用多极理论计算具有复杂几何形状、圆柱对称微波腔的谐振频率,推导出用多极理论计算圆柱对称微波腔谐振频率的本征值方程。三个工程实例的计算结果表明,用多极理论计算圆柱对称微波腔谐振频率,不仅具有较高的计算精度, 而且可以很方便地应用于复杂几何形状圆柱对称微波腔工程问题的设计与计算,多极理论是计算圆柱对称微波腔谐振频率的一种有效方法。     

有孔矩形腔屏蔽效能的传输线法分析

 首先介绍了用传输线法（transmission line method,TLM）分析有孔矩形腔屏蔽效能的基本原理，然后将基本公式作进一步扩展，使其能计算圆孔、多孔洞以及在任意极化方向时的情形。仿真结果表明：当频率低于主谐振频率时，离孔缝越近，耦合进的电磁能量越大；当处于谐振频率时，屏蔽腔与孔形成共振，屏蔽效能很低甚至为负，而且腔体内任何空间都如此；屏蔽效能随极化角度的递增而递减，低频段的屏蔽比高频段要好；对于相同面积的孔洞，单孔洞的屏蔽效能比多孔洞的屏蔽效能要差，孔洞越多，屏蔽效果越好，而圆形孔（等同于方形孔）的屏蔽效果最好。     

有孔矩形腔屏蔽效能的传输线法分析

首先介绍了用传输线法（transmission line method,TLM）分析有孔矩形腔屏蔽效能的基本原理，然后将基本公式作进一步扩展，使其能计算圆孔、多孔洞以及在任意极化方向时的情形。仿真结果表明:当频率低于主谐振频率时，离孔缝越近，耦合进的电磁能量越大；当处于谐振频率时，屏蔽腔与孔形成共振，屏蔽效能很低甚至为负，而且腔体内任何空间都如此；屏蔽效能随极化角度的递增而递减，低频段的屏蔽比高频段要好；对于相同面积的孔洞，单孔洞的屏蔽效能比多孔洞的屏蔽效能要差，孔洞越多，屏蔽效果越好，而圆形孔（等同于方形孔）的屏蔽效果最好。     

一个新型的T形耦合谐振光声腔

本文介绍一种工作于耦合谐振频率上的新型谐振式光声腔(T形腔)的设计及其性能.从腔内声压的积分表达式出发,用格林函数对耦合谐振腔的谐振频率作了理论计算,并对实际的T形腔的谐振频率作了数值计算和实验测定,结果表明两者良好吻合.在CO_2激光光声谱仪上,对T形腔性能的测量结果表明,耦合谐振光声腔有高达900左右的Ω值;并在T形腔的小腔的3λ/4开管谐振频率上,背景信号与光声信号是反相的,从而有可能简便而实时地记录下扣除了背景信号的光声谱。对甲醇及苯蒸气的浓度检测灵敏度分别为和     

Network-theoretical model of the gyrotron oscillator part I: Empty cavity oscillation modes

A network-theoretical model of the gyrotron has been elaborated which is both conspicious and rigorous. The problem of self-consistently representing the field in the presence of the electron beam is attacked by expansion into the empty structure oscillation modes. In this first part, a method is presented to determine the empty gyrotron cavity oscillation modes, i.e. theQ factors, resonance frequencies, and field distributions in axisymmetric, but otherwise quite general cavities. It is based on the field representation in terms of local normal waveguide modes. Matrix equations in these modes for different type of cavity sections (building blocks) are formulated. Along with the open resonator boundary conditions, these equations form a nonstandard eigenvalue problem; the eigenvalues are the complex eigenfrequencies, the eigenvectors correspond to the field distributions. By way of example, the method is applied to a simple and a complex cavity.     

Compact cavity resonators using high impedance surfaces

This paper presents a miniaturization concept for cavity resonators. The idea is to create a λ/4 long cavity resonator by using a combination of Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) boundary conditions. Reducing by half the length and width of a metallic cavity resonator and placing PMC boundary conditions on two adjacent side walls allows the resonance of a λ/4 mode inside the hybrid cavity resonator, at the same frequency as the λ/2 long metallic one. The practical implementation of the PMC boundary condition is realized by using High Impedance Surfaces (HIS). The design of the surfaces is realized at the element level and is implemented on standard microwave substrate. Measurements demonstrate a cavity resonator operating at 4 GHz with half the length and width of a metallic cavity resonator, meanwhile its volume is divided by four.     

Eigenoscillations of an acoustic cavity with a local membrane

On the basis of Strutt’s approach, the problem of eigenoscillations of a gas in a cylindrical cavity with an internal membrane in the presence of a coaxial circular aperture in it (A.N. Fock’s problem) is analyzed. By an adequate numerical?analytical procedure, a high-precision solution is constructed to a boundary value problem for the eigenfrequencies and forms of lower order oscillation modes for various relative values of the aperture radius. A (qualitative and quantitative) correspondence is established to the results known in acoustics as applied to the concept of the “associated mass of an aperture.” New physical effects are obtained on the dependence of the frequencies and forms of long-wavelength oscillations of a gas on the geometric parameters of the system.     

Helmholtz resonator lined with absorbing material

A closed-form, two-dimensional analytical solution is developed to investigate the acoustic performance of a concentric circular Helmholtz resonator lined with fibrous material. The effect of density and the thickness of the fibrous material in the cavity is examined on the resonance frequency and the transmission loss. With the expressions for the eigenvalue and eigenfunction in the cavity, the transmission loss is obtained for a piston-driven model by applying a pressure/velocity matching technique. The results from the analytical methods are compared to the numerical predictions from a three-dimensional boundary element method and the experimental data obtained from an impedance tube setup. It is shown that the acoustic performance of a Helmholtz resonator may be modified considerably by the density and thickness of the fibrous material without changing the cavity dimensions.     

Acoustic cavity modes in lens-shaped structures

A method for solving exactly the Helmholtz equation in parabolic rotational coordinates is presented using separability of the eigenfunctions and the Frobenius power series expansion technique. Two examples of interest in acoustics are considered and analyzed quasianalytically: The acoustic pressure in a cavity defined by two paraboloids (forming a lens-shaped structure) with (I) rigid wall boundary conditions and (II) pressure-release boundaries. The rigid-wall (pressure-release) acoustic enclosure problem is a Neumann (Dirichlet) boundary condition problem. In both cases, eigenfunctions and eigenmodes are calculated and the shape dependence of the eigenvalue for the ground state is examined.     

A novel numerical synthetic technique for determination of the TMon dispersion relation in a coaxial corrugated cylindrical waveguide

A novel, highly accurate numerical synthetic technique for determining the complete dispersive characteristics of electromagnetic modes in a spatially periodic structure is presented. The numerical method based on the coupling of the finite difference method in time domain with the discrete fourier transform is applied to calculate the eigenfrequencies and eigenfield distribution of a resonant cavity which is an appropriately shorted periodic slow wave circuit of N periods at both ends. The analytical synthetic technique, which is based on the intrinsic characteristic of spatially periodic structure, is used to derive the complete dispersion relation using the numerically measured resonances. The method was successfully applied for the case of TM_on modes in a coaxial corrugated waveguide and is applicable to slow wave structures of arbitrary geometry.     

Experimental and computational investigation of coupled resonator–cavity systems

Launch vehicle noise is broadband in nature and the noise transmitted into the payload fairing is reduced by treating its interior with an acoustic absorption layer. The latest generation payload fairings are made from composite material which offer poor noise attenuation at low frequencies. One possible solution for reducing the low frequency noise is to use Helmholtz resonators tuned to a few of the dominant low frequency components, such as shell ring frequency or the first few cavity modes of the fairing. The paper presents a simplified modelling approach for numerical simulation of a coupled cavity–resonator system which is validated by experiments. The influence of damping and resonator volume fraction on the coupled system performance, to suppress the first axial mode in a cylindrical cavity, is shown and the resonator volume fraction required for significantly (more than 5 dB) suppressing the cavity axial mode is established.     

Singular and Hypersingular Integral Equations Techniques for Gyrotron Coaxial Resonators with a Corrugated Insert

For the first time rigorous theory is developed for eigen traveling TM modes in the resonator of the coaxial cavity gyrotron with a corrugated insert. This mathematical model can be applied for any corrugation parameters and wavelengths. Gyrotron simulation software is developed and allows to calculate mode eigenvalues, electromagnetic field components and Ohmic losses for eigen TE and TM modes. Results of the numerical investigations are presented for the ITER relevant 170 GHz coaxial cavity gyrotron developed in Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany.     

Coaxial resonator for a megawatt 280 GHz gyrotron

To provide the required mode selectivity for a megawatt 280 GHz gyrotron, a coaxial resonator operating in a high order TE mode is considered. Mode discrimination is achieved both by exploring the differences in the transverse structures of the competing modes and investigating a suitable geometry for the coaxial insert. For modes with close eigenfrequencies the associated diffractionQ factors can be widely different in value, thereby ensuring an effective mode selection. In the resonator studied here, the frequency separation between the design mode TE_26,10,1 and its nearest competing mode TE_20,12,1 is about 0.6% and the ratio of the correspondingQ factors is as high as 6.5. Unlike the coaxial resonator, in the hollow cavity without the inner conductor the fundamental spectrum of eigenfrequencies is more dense, and all TE modes within the frequency interval 271–288 GHz have approximately the sameQ factor.