Kerr非线性对一维光子晶体能带的影响

研究Kerr非线性对一维光子晶体的能带的影响.光子晶体中加入Kerr非线性材料后，光子晶 体的带边可随局部光强调制.由于带边随光强变化，线性光量子阱中的电磁本征模将进入线 性带隙的频率范围而形成孤子类电磁模.由于非线性的作用，带隙中有许多新的孤子模出现. 关键词： 光子晶体 Kerr非线性 带隙孤子     

一维光子晶体缺陷模的偏振特性研究

利用周期结构的布洛赫定理推导了一维无限光子晶体缺陷模方程,研究了缺陷模的偏振特性,以及在不同入射角和缺陷层厚度下缺陷模位置的变化.利用传输矩阵方法对有限周期数光子晶体也进行了研究,分别对应一维无限光子晶体和有限周期数光子晶体给出了数值计算结果.通过比较这两者的数值结果得出了缺陷模随入射角和缺陷层厚度变化的一般规律.     

正负折射率材料组成的一维光子晶体的能带及电场

计算了由正负折射率材料交替排列组成的一维光子晶体的能带及电场，发现其能带不同于由普通正折射率材料组成的光子晶体的能带.当选择合适的参数时，由正负折射率材料组成的光子晶体的TE模或TM模有完全光子带隙出现，这在普通光子晶体中不出现.导带中的电场波函数与普通光子晶体相比具有很强的局域性.对于负折射率材料层为色散介质的情况，计算了在不同的具有正负折射率区域能带.     

非线性一维光子晶体特性的动态调制

对含有非线性材料的一维光子晶体带隙结构进行了数值计算.在外部入射光强调制下,非线性缺陷层折射率的改变会引起禁带内缺陷模的移动,而光子晶体禁带位置与宽度基本保持不变；若基本周期层取非线性材料,随入射光强的改变,禁带内部缺陷模发生相同的移动,同时,禁带位置和禁带宽度也会发生移动.利用这一性质可以对光子晶体进行动态外部调制,在此基础上对非线性一维光子晶体动态滤波选频进行了实验设计.     

一维光子晶体中的电磁模密度

阐述了电磁模密度(EDOM)的概念及其在描述光辐射中的重要作用.推导了有限大小的均匀介质和一维光子晶体EDOM的解析表达式,计算出由λ₀/4薄片构成的一维光子晶体的EDOM,明显看出一维光子晶体中EDOM受光子带结构调制的现象;分析了在带边缘处EDOM有极大增强的现象,其值近似正比于周期数N的平方和两种介质折射率差的平方,并用数值计算结果证实了这一特点.     

对称型单负交替一维光子晶体的能带结构

构造了(AB)^N(BA)^N对称型两种单负材料交替一维光子晶体,利用传输矩阵法进行数值模拟.结果表明：这种单负交替对称型一维光子晶体具有一种特殊带隙结构,该带隙不敏感于入射角和晶格的无序性.在该带隙内出现了两个隧穿模,该隧穿模不敏感于入射角的改变和晶格的无序性,但能带及带隙内的隧穿模却敏感于晶格标度和周期数的变化;随着入射角的改变,带隙两侧的隧穿模趋于简并.这些特性对在利用此结构光子晶体设计双重超窄带滤波器时,具有一定的参考价值. 关键词： 光子晶体 单负材料 光子带隙     

Fibonacci序列一维光子晶体色散关系解析解和数值解的对比研究

利用转移矩阵方法给出Fibonacci序列一维光子晶体能带，等频率表面的解析公式，同时给出物理量，如等效相折射率、群速度、波矢量的解析式.利用解析公式以及时域有限差分方法对一维光子晶体的色散关系进行对比研究.结果表明：在强调制一维光子晶体色散关系的计算中，数值方法与解析方法得到的结果总体趋势保持一致.但在弱调制一维光子晶体中，等频率表面的数值结果出现了颠覆性的错误.因而，对于弱调制光子晶体色散关系的数值结果，必须通过解析计算或数值模拟计算等方法进行验证.     

动态各向同性光子晶体中二能级原子的自发辐射

研究了动态各向同性光子晶体中二能级原子自发辐射的性质,主要讨论了光子晶体能带带边频率随时间作阶跃调制和三角函数周期调制两种情况下,原子上能级占据数随时间的演化特性.当光子晶体能带带边频率随时间作阶跃调制时,原子上能级占据数随时间的演化不仅和上能级与能带带边的相对位置δ有关,更依赖于阶跃调制发生的时刻.调制发生时刻不同,调制后原子上能级占据数随时间的演化也不同.当光子晶体能带带边频率随时间作三角函数周期调制时,二能级原子上能级占据数随时间作总体衰减的准周期振荡.通过选择调制频率和调制初相位可调控准周期振荡的频率、峰值与谷值的大小以及占据数的总体衰减速度等.     

基于紧束缚理论的一维多镜像光子晶体特性研究

基于紧束缚理论,分析了一维多镜像光子晶体中多缺陷模的产生及缺陷模式分裂的机理,建立了缺陷模频率与缺陷层相对位置的关系模型.采用传输矩阵理论研究了双镜像光子晶体的光学传输特性,并讨论了光子晶体周期层数、入射角度、介质层厚度等及介质的相对折射率差等参数对光子晶体缺陷模特性的影响.模拟结果表明,调整光子晶体参数和缺陷层的相对位置可有效调控光子晶体的缺陷模特性,可为光子晶体多通道滤波器等光学器件的设计和应用提供一定的理论参考.     

一维Kerr非线性光子晶体中的场分布

研究具有Kerr非线性的一维光子晶体中场的分布.计算光子晶体中加入Kerr非线性材料后,入射光强对光子晶体中场分布极大值位置的调制,发现随着光强的增加,峰值位置向入射端移动.同时,由于非线性的作用,随着光强的变化,线性光量子阱中的电磁本征模将进入线性带隙,带隙中将出现没有线性本征模对应项的新孤子类电磁模.     

Research of band gap properties based on two-dimensional photonic crystal with mixed shapes of rods

Two new structures of photonic crystals were designed. The band gap properties of photonic crystals with square and circular dielectric rods mixed arrangement are researched. The band gap properties of mixed shapes rods photonic crystal are calculated and compared with the crystals with square rods or round rods by using plane wave expansion method. Simulation results show that for the square lattice, mixed shapes of rods make the higher-order bands of TM modes moving toward the low frequency range. The gap bands’ widths and locations are between the parameters of square and round rods photonic crystal. In triangle lattice, a significant band gap is presented in photonic crystal with mixed shapes of rods in TE mode, while it is almost not presented in square and round rods crystals. The phenomenon of bands moving toward the low frequency range is also found in the triangle lattice mixed shapes rods photonic crystal. The reasons of the results in the vision were analyzed.     

Reflection-free one-way edge modes in a gyromagnetic photonic crystal

We point out that electromagnetic one-way edge modes analogous to quantum Hall edge states, originally predicted by Raghu and Haldane in 2D photonic crystals possessing Dirac point-derived band gaps, can appear in more general settings. We show that the TM modes in a gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be formally mapped to electronic wave functions in a periodic electromagnetic field, so that the only requirement for the existence of one-way edge modes is that the Chern number for all bands below a gap is nonzero. In a square-lattice yttrium-iron-garnet crystal operating at microwave frequencies, which lacks Dirac points, time-reversal breaking is strong enough that the effect should be easily observable. For realistic material parameters, the edge modes occupy a 10% band gap. Numerical simulations of a one-way waveguide incorporating this crystal show 100% transmission across strong defects.     

光子晶体缺陷结构的特性

基于平面波展开法,设计了二维正方晶格和三角晶格光子晶体缺陷结构,数值模拟了TE模、TM模式的光子晶体禁带特性,计算了二维三角晶格光子晶体缺陷结构的模式分布。结果表明,光子晶体缺陷结构能够形成很好的禁带特性和模式结构,研究结论为光子晶体波导器件的开发提供参考。     

准分形光子晶体多频带隙的特性及其应用

用时域有限差分方法计算了多种准分形结构光子晶体的能带. 数值计算结果表明, 这些结构的光子晶体存在多频带隙的特点, 且带隙的宽度及中心频率以及带隙中导带的中心频率均随准分形光子晶体单胞内结构单元几何形状的改变而改变.     

Narrow transmission bands of quasi-1D comb-like photonic waveguides containing negative index materials

Using the interface response theory, we investigate the band structure and transmission of quasi-1D comb-like photonic waveguides with side branches composed of negative index materials. Numerical results exhibit the existence of discrete modes in band structure. These discrete modes are corresponding to narrow transmission bands which separated by large forbidden band in the transmission spectrum. Meanwhile it is shown that the narrow transmission bands become narrower with the increase of the number of side branches. The above properties are still maintained when the negative index materials are dispersive and lossy.     

Confined band gap in an air-bridge type of two-dimensional AlGaAs photonic crystal

The transmittance spectrum for an air-bridge type of AlGaAs photonic crystal (PC) slabs successfully fabricated was measured. It is found that the observed spectrum is consistent with both the theoretical band structure and the calculated one. Moreover, the transmittance due to the modes below the light line is found to be almost 100%, indicating that the guided modes should exist. The respective stop bands are observed in the gamma-M direction for TM-like and TE-like modes, implying that a photonic band gap should exist for the TE-like guided modes. The present PC is very suited for controlling the radiation field.     

Contour of the attenuated length of an evanescent wave at constant frequency within a band gap of photonic crystal

The plane wave method is normally applied to determine the eigenfrequency of a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal. A slight change to this eigenvalue equation makes the wave number its eigenvalue providing a direct means to determine the attenuated length of the evanescent modes at the frequency within the photonic band gap. The contour of the length of attenuation of the evanescent modes in a square lattice can be determined using the proposed wave number eigenvalue equation. The wave number eigenvalue equation for the two-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal can also be obtained using a derivation similar to that for the 2D photonic crystal. Possible applications of the proposed calculation-method are presented.     

Photonic bands, gap maps, and intrinsic losses in three-component 2D photonic crystal slabs

We obtain the photonic bands and intrinsic losses for the triangular lattice three-component two- dimensional （2D） photonic crystal （PhC） slabs by expanding the electromagnetic field on the basis of waveguide modes of an effective homogeneous waveguide. The introduction of the third component into the 2D PhC slabs influences the photonic band structure and the intrinsic losses of the system. We examine the dependences of the band gap width and gap edge position on the interlayer dielectric constant and interlayer thickness. It is found that the gap edges shift to lower frequencies and the intrinsic losses of each band decrease with the increasing interlayer thickness or dielectric constant. During the design of the real PhC system, the effect of unintentional native oxide surface layer on the optical properties of 2D PhC slabs has to be taken into consideration. At the same time, intentional oxidization of macroporous PhC structure can be utilized to optimize the design.     

三角晶格二维光子晶体的横磁模特性

基于平面波展开法,以介电常数分别为1F/m和12F/m的物质构成三角晶格二维光子晶体,改变空气孔半径r与晶格常数a之间的大小,数值模拟得到了三角晶格二维光子晶体横磁模带隙,当r=.4α时形成三处三角晶格二维光子晶体横磁模的带隙,其中最大三角晶格二维光子晶体横磁模带隙出现在0.6766—0.8000Hz,差值为0.1234Hz。研究结论为光子晶体器件的制作提供参考。     

Silicon-based two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides

A review of the properties of silicon-based two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals is given, essentially infinite 2D photonic crystals made from macroporous silicon and photonic crystal slabs based on silicon-on-insulator basis. We discuss the bulk photonic crystal properties with particular attention to the light cone and its impact on the band structure. The application for wave guiding is discussed for both material systems, and compared to classical waveguides based on index-guiding. Losses of resonant waveguide modes above the light line are discussed in detail.