整形高功率激光装置的任意电脉冲发生器设计(英文)

基于GaAs场效应管电压控制电流和开关的特性,设计了一种任意电脉冲发生器,并成功应用于激光脉冲整形装置。该电脉冲发生器利用超宽带窄脉冲触发多个GaAs场效应管,产生多路负脉冲,通过模拟延时线依次将各路负脉冲延迟一定时间后经微带线耦合输出多路负脉冲叠加的波形;通过多路不同幅度的脉冲堆积效应来获得形状任意可调的整形电脉冲。为了满足惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验中对电脉冲幅度不能过小的要求,在电路的输出端接入增益可调的超宽带电压放大器,使脉冲幅度达到实验要求。利用设计的任意电脉冲发生器实现了脉冲幅度0～5 V可调、脉宽0～10ns可调、时域调节精度为330 ps,整形方波脉冲下降沿为330 ps、上升沿为240 ps。实验结果表明,将产生的电脉冲注入光波导调制器,可获得理想形状的整形激光脉冲,提高激光脉冲的输出能量。     

用于高功率激光脉冲整形的可编程任意波形电脉冲发生器

研制了一种基于GaAs场效应管与超快脉冲信号微带传输的可编程任意波形发生器.它由计算机控制的多路高准确度偏置电压，多个级联的GaAs场效应管基元电路，以及微带脉冲传输线组成．输出电脉冲波形导入LiNbO3集成光波导调制器，经过电光调制获得相应的激光脉冲波形．通过计算机设置各基d元电路中GaAs场效应管栅极偏压，进而控制整形电脉冲的形状，使高功率激光装置前端时域脉冲整形实现远程控制．     

飞秒激光脉冲宽度和脉冲波形测试技术

飞秒激光在激光核聚变、卫星精密测距、激光微加工等领域具有重要的应用前景,同时也是产生太赫兹波的主要泵浦源。介绍了国内外飞秒激光脉冲宽度和脉冲波形的测试方法,比较了自相关法、频率分辨光学快门法、光谱相位相干直接电场重构法的优缺点。自相关法具有脉宽测量范围广、结构简单等特点,但不具备脉冲波形测试能力。光谱相位相干直接电场重构法对待测激光光束质量要求较高, 不适合大量程范围激光脉宽快速测量。为满足10 fs~5 ps大量程范围超短激光脉冲宽度和脉冲波形的测试需求,采用自相关法及二次谐波频率分辨光学开关法研制飞秒激光脉冲宽度和脉冲波形测试仪,时间分辨率优于2 fs。     

整形高功率激光装置的任意电脉冲发生器设计(英文)

基于GaAs场效应管电压控制电流和开关的特性,设计了一种任意电脉冲发生器,并成功应用于激光脉冲整形装置。该电脉冲发生器利用超宽带窄脉冲触发多个GaAs场效应管,产生多路负脉冲,通过模拟延时线依次将各路负脉冲延迟一定时间后经微带线耦合输出多路负脉冲叠加的波形;通过多路不同幅度的脉冲堆积效应来获得形状任意可调的整形电脉冲。为了满足惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验中对电脉冲幅度不能过小的要求,在电路的输出端接入增益可调的超宽带电压放大器,使脉冲幅度达到实验要求。利用设计的任意电脉冲发生器实现了脉冲幅度0～5 V可调、脉宽0～10ns可调、时域调节精度为330 ps,整形方波脉冲下降沿为330 ps、上升沿为240 ps。实验结果表明,将产生的电脉冲注入光波导调制器,可获得理想形状的整形激光脉冲,提高激光脉冲的输出能量。     

用于高功率激光装置中的电脉冲整形系统

采用射频GaAs场效应管和微带传输线技术,研制出用于高功率激光装置中的电脉冲整形系统.该系统电脉冲整形宽度为3.5 ns,幅度在0~5 V范围内调节,时域调整精度200 ps.整形后的方波,前沿383 ps,后沿642 ps,顶部不平坦度4~5%,波形幅度稳定性4~5%（p-p).利用该系统产生的整形电脉冲驱动电光波导调制器进行激光脉冲整形,得到了理想的整形激光脉冲.     

Modeling of arrayed waveguide grating for wavelength interrogation application

We have proposed and discussed a design of arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) for the application of wavelength interrogation. The spectral responses of a silica-based 16 channel AWG with channel spacing 1.6 nm have been simulated when different receiver waveguide spacing are used. It was found that the 3-dB bandwidth is reduced about 50% as the receiver waveguide spacing increasing from 20 μm to 30 μm. The effect of bandwidth of the spectral response on wavelength resolution of AWG based interrogator has been estimated and discussed.     

小尺寸低折射率差硅基二氧化硅阵列波导光栅

随着AWG型器件在光通信系统中的大规模应用,对低成本AWG芯片的需求越来越多。在各种降成本方案中,减小AWG芯片的尺寸是最有效的方法之一。本文介绍了一种新型小尺寸低折射率差硅基二氧化硅阵列波导光栅（AWG）的设计。在该AWG中,输入波导/输出波导与平板波导连接的部分制作成两侧为空气槽的高折射率差波导,所以在与输出平板波导连接处的相邻输出波导间距较小,这样可以在设计上缩短平板波导的长度、减少阵列波导的数量,实现较小的AWG芯片尺寸。该AWG的其它部分,如输入/输出波导与光纤耦合的部分、阵列波导光栅等均采用常规的低折射率波导工艺,所以就同时具有与常规的低折射率波导AWG相同的优点：如低耦合损耗、较好的串扰以及光学特性等。根据这个原理,设计了一种40通道100 GHz频率间隔的低折射率差硅基二氧化硅AWG,其芯片尺寸只有23.88 mm?10.5 mm,是传统相同材料制作的AWG尺寸的1/6。     

Laser pulse optimization for practical laser drilling

Laser drilling is a common commercially developed technique for material processing. From the application viewpoint, it is the end product for a laser system, for instance a drilled hole, that matters. Laser pulse profile is the most important parameter controlling the laser hole drilling process. An efficient and practical method is therefore needed to develop a relationship between the pulse parameters and the depth of hole produced in a known material. In the present study, dimensionless groups are developed to optimize laser pulse parameters to give information on workpiece materials. Consequently, an optimal laser pulse for drilling an aluminum workpiece is predicted.     

Feedback optimization of pulse width in the SORC sequence.

A method for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements by automatically adjusting a pulse parameter in real-time is presented. This approach is useful in situations where the optimal pulse parameters cannot be chosen beforehand due to lack of knowledge regarding the system. For example, NQR provides a means for detecting explosives by revealing the presence of (14)N. In this particular application, the distance between the search coil and the explosive, as well as the temperature of the explosive, is unknown. As a result, a fixed set of pulse parameters will not yield the largest SNR for all possible search applications. This paper describes a feedback algorithm that uses measurements of the NQR signal to automatically adjust the pulse width in the strong off-resonant comb sequence to maximize the SNR of the NQR measurement. Experimental results obtained using a sample of sodium nitrite are presented.     

基于脉冲变压器和脉冲形成网络的高压脉冲源北大核心CSCD

为了满足在高电压状态下对氧化锌陶瓷（ZnO）元件的检测需要,研制了一种基于脉冲变压器和脉冲形成网络（PFN）的,输出电压范围10-80kV可调,波形为近方波的高压脉冲源。根据实际研制过程,分别介绍了高压脉冲源的设计、仿真及系统电路构建。测试了高压脉冲源在标准负载（匹配）和氧化锌陶瓷负载上的输出情况。结果显示：脉冲顶降小于3%,顶部波动小于1.5%,前后沿指标均满足要求。因而,高压脉冲源可以用于氧化锌陶瓷的性能检测。     

Optimal control of coupled spin dynamics: design of NMR pulse sequences by gradient ascent algorithms

In this paper, we introduce optimal control algorithm for the design of pulse sequences in NMR spectroscopy. This methodology is used for designing pulse sequences that maximize the coherence transfer between coupled spins in a given specified time, minimize the relaxation effects in a given coherence transfer step or minimize the time required to produce a given unitary propagator, as desired. The application of these pulse engineering methods to design pulse sequences that are robust to experimentally important parameter variations, such as chemical shift dispersion or radiofrequency (rf) variations due to imperfections such as rf inhomogeneity is also explained.     

双极性直线型变压器驱动源的研制

针对双极性脉冲电压介质阻挡放电（DBD）的应用需求,提出了一种基于直线型变压器驱动源（LTD）的全固态双极性纳秒脉冲形成拓扑。脉冲产生期间各开关的驱动电路均可靠共地极大降低了高低压隔离需求,因此与传统单极性LTD一样理论上可实现脉冲子模块的无限制叠加以获得更高电压的双极性脉冲输出。各脉冲子模块上集成数量相等但具有相反电压极性的储能电容,使隔离磁心的励磁电流在不同脉冲极性下正负交变,有效提高了磁心的利用率,不再需要设置专门的磁通复位电路。最后研制了一套模块化紧凑型双极性LTD原理验证样机,可输出脉冲参数为:电压幅值0～±2 kV,脉冲电流80 A,脉冲宽度50～200 ns,所有脉冲参数可通过上位机灵活可调,通过增加LTD子模块数量可获得更高的脉冲电压。     

Physicochemical assessment criteria for high-voltage pulse capacitors

In the paper, the applicability of decomposition products of internal insulation of high-voltage pulse capacitors is considered (aging is the reason for decomposition products of internal insulation). Decomposition products of internal insulation of high-voltage pulse capacitors can be used to evaluate their quality when in operation and in service. There have been three generations of markers of aging of insulation as in the case with power transformers. The area of applicability of markers of aging of insulation for power transformers has been studied and the area can be extended to high-voltage pulse capacitors. The research reveals that there is a correlation between the components and quantities of markers of aging of the first generation (gaseous decomposition products of insulation) dissolved in insulating liquid and the remaining life of high-voltage pulse capacitors. The application of markers of aging to evaluate the remaining service life of high-voltage pulse capacitor is a promising direction of research, because the design of high-voltage pulse capacitors keeps stability of markers of aging of insulation in high-voltage pulse capacitors. It is necessary to continue gathering statistical data concerning development of markers of aging of the first generation. One should also carry out research aimed at estimation of the remaining life of capacitors using markers of the second and the third generation.     

适用于探地雷达应用的低振铃单周期脉冲发生器

设计了一种新型的适用于道路检测探地雷达的单周期脉冲发生器。该脉冲发生器包含驱动电路、阶跃恢复二极管(SRD)脉冲形成电路和脉冲整形电路三部分。驱动电路可以使TTL形式的触发脉冲变为电流更大的快前沿脉冲,用来形成给后级电路的驱动脉冲;SRD脉冲产生电路选取渡越时间较小的阶跃恢复二极管结构,通过对前级电路产生的驱动脉冲整形得到负极性高斯脉冲,然后利用微带短路线、肖特基二极管和电容并联实现生成单周期脉冲和振铃抑制的功能,提高超宽带天线辐射的效率以及测量信噪比。测量结果表明,在1 MHz脉冲重复频率的情况下,峰峰值最大为23 V,脉冲半高宽为138 ps,振铃水平为1.25%,而当脉冲重复频率提高到5 MHz,该脉冲发生器产生脉冲波形幅度和带宽基本没有太大变化。这些特征说明,该脉冲发生器具有很高的频率稳定性,且在高分辨率探测应用情景中将会有很好的表现。     

Millimeter-wave modulated optical pulse generated by pulse repetition rate multiplication and temporal Talbot effect

A novel scheme was proposed to generate a millimeter-wave (MMW) optical pulse by combining pulserepetition rate multiplication (PRRM) technology and temporal Talbot effect (TTE). A cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) lattice was used for PRRM, and a linearly chirped fiber grating (LCFG) wasused as TTE. The basic principle was analyzed by using a Gaussian input short pulse and its characteristics were discussed by numerical simulation. It is shown that the proposed scheme is feasible for MMW signal generation and has potential merits for practical application of radio over fiber (ROF) technology.     

The design and characterization of short pulse ultrasound transducers

The construction and testing of short pulse (bipolar and unipolar) ultrasound transducers are discussed and several examples are analysed. Equations predicting the radiation field of the short pulse transducer are derived using a new approach. Agreement was obtained between the theoretical predictions and the experimentally measured field for one short pulse transducer. Some discrepancy was noted between the predicted pulse shapes and those observed experimentally.     

High repetition-rate pulse generation for millimeter-wave pulse signal by two cascaded Gires-Tournois Interferometers

A simple optical approach is proposed to obtain millimeter-wave (MMW) pulse signal by the high repetition-rate pulse generation in two cascaded Gires-Tournois Interferometers (GTIs). Compared with single GTI, the cascaded GTIs can optimize the MMW pulse envelope and improve the performance of radio frequency (RF) signal by adjusting the space of cascaded GTIs to change the reflection times of optical propagating signal. The primary influences for the cascaded GTIs on MMW pulse are analyzed theoretically and measured experimentally. It is shown that the good agreement between experimental results and theoretical simulations verifies the feasibility and flexibility of the proposed scheme.     

小尺寸低折射率差硅基二氧化硅阵列波导光栅

随着阵列波导光栅(Arrayed Waveguide Grating,AWG)型器件在光通信系统中的大规模应用,对低成本AWG芯片的需求越来越多.在各种降成本方案中,减小AWG芯片的尺寸是最有效的方法之一.本文介绍了一种新型小尺寸低折射率差硅基二氧化硅AWG的设计.在该AWG中,输入波导/输出波导与平板波导连接的部分制...     

Counterintuitive Gaussian pulse sequence in three-level ladder scheme

In a recent publication we have studied counterintuitive pulse sequence applied to a three level ladder scheme, utilizing rectangular-shaped pulses. In this research we investigate amplification without population inversion in a three level ladder system interacting with two electromagnetic fields, namely, the probe and coupling fields. We take both probe and drive fields in the form of Gaussian shaped pulses. In a counterintuitive sequence scheme, the short probe pulse is introduced prior to the application of the coupling field, in contrast to a regular sequence scheme, where both fields are introduced at the same time. The influence of varying the probe pulse width and time delay between the initiation times of the probe and coupling fields on transient probe gain is investigated. It is found that the system exhibits a kind of memory about previously applied weak probe pulse. This may allow for detection of the past event by applying a strong drive pulse in the future.