双色激光脉冲辐照叠加态生成强的38 as孤立脉冲

采用多周期800 nm激光组合1 600 nm红外激光脉冲辐照氦离子He⁺叠加态生成强、短孤立阿秒脉冲. 结果表明,相对于800 nm单色激光辐照基态情形,截止频率由70次谐波大幅度展宽到280次谐波,且获得频宽为108 eV并由单一短量子路径贡献的连续辐射谱,叠加该连续谱210次到280次谐波获得了脉宽为38 as的强、短孤立脉冲,其强度比单色场情形提高了11个数量级. 研究进一步表明,两束激光脉冲的时间延迟从0.05π到－0.05π之间获得的孤立阿秒脉冲是最优化的,且脉冲持续时间 关键词： 组合激光脉冲 相干叠加态 阿秒脉冲     

利用超短紫外光源增强阿秒脉冲的强度

提出了一种利用超短紫外光源来增强阿秒脉冲强度的方法. 计算结果表明,当适当的加入一束125 nm光源到双色正交激光场时,不仅高次谐波的强度比原双色场时增强了2个数量级,而且选择单一的量子路径对谐波发射起作用,进而形成了一个152 eV的超长平台区. 随后通过激光参数的优化,发现激光脉宽和偏振角对于谐波强度的增强不太敏感. 最后,通过叠加谐波可获得脉宽仅为38 as 的孤立阿秒脉冲,其强度比原双色场情况下产生的阿秒脉冲增强了2个数量级.     

附加谐波脉冲生成强的39阿秒孤立脉冲

采用多周期800 nm激光组合它的27次谐波脉冲生成超短、宽频的孤立阿秒脉冲.研究表明,脉宽为1 fs的27次谐波脉冲可以有效地控制电子动力学过程.将其加入到单色激光场的特定时域,可以控制电离概率在半个光学周期内迅速提升,使得谐波的转化效率相对于单色场情形增强4个数量级,并实现单一的短量子路径选择,出现频宽为108 eV的超连续辐射谱,叠加该连续谱140次到210次谐波获得了脉宽为39as的强、短孤立脉冲.与文献[7]中采用5 fs/800 nm激光附加紫外阿秒脉冲的方法相比,该方案生成的连续谱频带增宽一 关键词： 组合激光脉冲 连续辐射谱 阿秒脉冲     

利用正交偏振双色场产生孤立阿秒脉冲

利用强场近似理论开展了正交偏振双色场与氦原子相互作用产生高次谐波和阿秒脉冲的理论研究。正交偏振双色场由少周期的4 fs钛宝石驱动脉冲激光和与它偏振方向垂直的8 fs倍频控制脉冲构成。研究发现,通过合理选择两束脉冲之间的相对相位,能够控制高次谐波发射过程中长、短电子轨道的选择。当相对相位调整为1.2π时,平台谐波主要来自短轨道电子的贡献,由于其运动时间短、波包扩散少,且没有与长轨道电子谐波产生干涉,沿驱动脉冲电场方向的高次谐波谱具有较高强度和较小调制幅度的超连续平台区,通过对第120次到第180次超连续谐波进行傅里叶变换,可产生脉宽为54 as的高强度孤立阿秒脉冲。所提方案对组合脉冲相对相位的选取要求并不严苛,在0.3π的变化范围内皆可获得脉宽较短的孤立阿秒脉冲,同时控制脉冲电场强度的变化对上述数值模拟结果的影响也很小。     

60 fs长脉宽双色场作用下孤立阿秒脉冲的产生

通过数值求解一维含时Schrödinger方程,研究了具有较长脉宽双色激光脉冲与氢原子相互作用产生的高次谐波和阿秒(as)脉冲.这里的双色激光脉冲由一束基频钛宝石主脉冲与另一束红外附加脉冲构成.研究发现,当合成脉冲的脉宽选为12 fs时, 选取合适的附加脉冲波长,合成电场的振幅在始末端时间段能被大幅抑制, 仅中间部分的电场对谐波谱平台区和截止位置起主要贡献. 通过分析合成脉冲电场始末端时间段抑制的机理,进一步扩展了合成脉冲脉宽到60 as, 并得到160 as的孤立短脉冲.这是迄今为止在孤立阿秒脉冲产生研究中所采用的最长脉宽. 该方案中的合成脉冲等效于单一5 fs短脉冲的作用, 却克服了5 fs脉冲低输出能量导致的阿秒脉冲能量低的困难.     

利用三色组合脉冲激光获得孤立阿秒脉冲发射

孤立阿秒脉冲因可以跟踪和控制原子及分子内电子的运动过程而备受关注.本文从理论上开展了氦原子在3束飞秒脉冲激光组合场辐照下产生的高次谐波和阿秒脉冲辐射的研究.组合激光场由16 fs/1600 nm,15 fs/1100 nm和5.3 fs/800 nm的钛宝石脉冲构成.与前两束脉冲合成的双色场产生谐波谱相比,附加钛宝石脉冲的三色场产生的高次谐波发射谱呈现出高转换效率及宽带超连续特性,超连续谱范围覆盖从230—690次谐波,傅里叶变换后实现了128 as高强度孤立短脉冲的产生.该结果归因于合成的三色场呈现出高功率及少周期的中红外飞秒脉冲激光特性,可以有效控制原子电离以及复合发生在中红外飞秒脉冲的一个有效光学周期内.     

正交偏振双色激光场作用下生成的孤立阿秒脉冲

我们理论研究了正交偏振双色激光场作用下的高次谐波发射和孤立阿秒脉冲的产生.当y方向加一束中红外激光脉冲(12.5 fs/2000 nm),x方向加一束强度较弱的激光脉冲(12 fs/800 nm)时,我们得到从250 eV到350 eV的超连续谐波平台,在平台范围内叠加50 eV的谐波,可以得到一个脉宽约为97as的孤立阿秒脉冲. 通过时频分析,我们解释了高次谐波发射的物理机制.     

采用较长脉宽双色场获得孤立阿秒脉冲

通过数值求解一维含时薛定谔方程,本文研究了具有较长脉宽双色激光脉冲与氢原子模型相互作用产生的谐波辐射谱.研究发现,当采用12个光学周期的特定组合脉冲时,孤立阿秒脉冲可以实现.这里特定组合脉冲由两束类似频率脉冲(ω,ω+δω)构成,附加脉冲的作用恰是调整基频光电场的形状.不同于入射基频光,整形后的基频光在时间始末端电场振幅被抑制,只有中间部分电场对谐波谱有贡献,它的作用等同于单一6飞秒超短脉冲的效果.从而扩展获得孤立阿秒脉冲所需脉宽从6飞秒到12飞秒.     

利用超短的紫外光源来增强阿秒脉冲的强度

本文理论提出了一种利用超短紫外光源来增强阿秒脉冲强度的方法 .计算结果表明,当适当的加入一束62 nm或者125 nm超短紫外光源到双色激光场时,不仅高次谐波的截止能量被延伸了,而且谐波的强度也比原双色场时有明显的增强.尤其是当采用125 nm光源时,谐波的强度被增强了2个数量级,并且形成了一个232 e V的超长平台区.最后通过叠加谐波次数从113次到170次可获得脉宽仅为43 as的孤立阿秒脉冲,其强度比原双色场情况下产生的阿秒脉冲增强了2个数量级.     

利用超短的紫外光源来增强阿秒脉冲的强度

本文理论提出了一种利用超短紫外光源来增强阿秒脉冲强度的方法. 计算结果表明, 当适当的加入一束62nm或者125nm超短紫外光源到双色激光场时, 不仅高次谐波的截止能量被延伸了, 而且谐波的强度也比原双色场时有明显的增强. 尤其是当采用125nm光源时,谐波的强度被增强了2个数量级,并且形成了一个232eV的超长平台区. 最后通过叠加谐波次数从113次到170次可获得脉宽仅为43as的孤立阿秒脉冲, 其强度比原双色场情况下产生的阿秒脉冲增强了2个数量级.     

Isolated sub-30-attosecond pulse generation using a multicycle two-color chirped laser and a static electric field

We present a theoretical investigation of high-order harmonic generation in a chirped two-color laser field, which is synthesized by a 10-fs/800-nm fundamental chirped pulse and a 10-fs/1760-nm subharmonic pulse. It is shown that a supercontinuum can be produced using the multicycle two-color chirped field. However, the supercontinuum reveals a strong modulation structure, which is not good for the generation of an isolated attosecond pulse. By adding a static electric field to the multicycle two-color chirped field, not only the harmonic cutoff is extended remarkably, but also the quantum paths of the high-order harmonic generation （HHG） are modified significantly. As a result, both the extension of the supercontinuum and the selection of a single quantum path are achieved, producing an isolated 23-as pulse with a bandwidth of about 170.6 eV. Furthermore, the influences of the laser intensities on the supercontinuum and isolated attosecond pulse generation are investigated.     

Controls for the generation of high-order harmonics and attosecond pulses by an infrared laser field combined with a low-frequency pulse

We investigate high-order harmonic generations by controlling various quantum paths of harmonics in an infrared laser field which combines a low-frequency pulse.Both classical theory and the quantum wavelet transform method are used to understand the physics of harmonics.By adjusting the carrier envelope phase of the fundamental field,the intensities of harmonic spectra increase and the harmonics in the plateau become regular.Attosecond pulses each with a duration of 58 as are obtained directly by compressing the harmonics,and with phase compensation an isolated attosecond pulse less than 30 as can be generated.     

Controls for the generations of high-order harmonics and attosecond pulses by infrared laser field combined with a low-frequency pulse

We investigate high-order harmonic generations by controlling various quantum paths of harmonics in an infrared laser field which combines a low-frequency pulse. Both classical theory and quantum wavelet transform method are used to understand the physics of harmonics. By adjusting the carrier envelope phase of the fundamental field, the intensities of harmonic spectra increase and the harmonics in the plateau become regular. Attosecond pulses each with a duration of 58 as are obtained directly by compressing the harmonics, and with phase compensation an isolated attosecond pulse less than 30 as can be generated.     

中红外组合激光场产生低于50阿秒的单个脉冲

研究了氦离子在中红外组合激光场作用下的高次谐波辐射和孤立阿秒脉冲的产生. 研究结果表明,当主脉冲强度相对低时,谐波截止在657阶次处,形成一个宽度为287 eV的连续谱. 当主脉冲强度相对高时,可使谐波截止拓展到1795阶次,连续谱加宽到834 eV. 在两种情况下,我们实现了长量子路径选取,并且产生转换效率较高的连续谱. 特别是对于相对高的激光强度,叠加450—1590阶次内任意87 eV的谐波都可以直接得到50 as以内的单个脉冲.     

利用多周期空间非均匀啁啾场产生单个短阿秒脉冲

提出了一种直接生成单个短阿秒脉冲的有效方案.采用数值求解一维含时薛定谔方程,理论研究了多周期空间非均匀啁啾场驱动预激发氦离子的高次谐波辐射和阿秒脉冲的产生.结果表明：在空间非均匀啁啾场作用下,谐波截止可扩展至1050阶次,并且高于300阶次以上的谐波是连续的.由于连续谱来自单一量子路径的贡献,滤出连续谱上880-1120阶次的谐波,直接产生了一个脉宽为11.4 as的单个脉冲.通过增加驱动脉冲的持续时间,可获得一个脉宽短至10 as的单个脉冲.     

The control of the electron quantum paths for the generation of isolated attosecond pulse using a three-color laser scheme

We theoretically propose a three-color laser scheme to enhance the high-order harmonic intensity and generate an isolated attosecond pulse. By adding a 3 fs, 1600 nm laser pulse to a synthesized two-color laser field (5 fs, 800 nm and 10 fs, 1200 nm), the harmonic intensity is effectively enhanced and an isolated attosecond pulse with duration 41 as is generated. In this scheme, the short trajectory is suppressed, the selection of the long quantum path can be achieved. We also investigate emission time of harmonics in terms of the time-frequency analysis and the semi-classical three-step model to illustrate the physical mechanism of high-order harmonic generation.     

Generation of an isolated sub-30 attosecond pulse in a two-color laser field and a static electric field

We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic generation(HHG) from a helium ion model in a two-color laser field,which is synthesized by a fundamental pulse and its second harmonic pulse.It is shown that a supercontinuum spectrum can be generated in the two-color field.However,the spectral intensity is very low,limiting the application of the generated attosecond(as) pulse.By adding a static electric field to the synthesized two-color field,not only is the ionization yield of electrons contributing to the harmonic emission remarkably increased,but also the quantum paths of the HHG can be significantly modulated.As a result,the extension and enhancement of the supercontinuum spectrum are achieved,producing an intense isolated 26-as pulse with a bandwidth of about 170.5 eV.In particular,we also analyse the influence of the laser parameters on the ultrabroad supercontinuum spectrum and isolated sub-30-as pulse generation.     

Effects of pressure and gas-jet thickness on the generation of attosecond pulse

We investigate how the intensity and duration of an attosecond pulse generated from high-order harmonic generation are affected by the pressure and thickness of the gas jet by taking into account the macroscopic propagation of both fundamental and harmonic fields. Our simulations show that, limited by the propagation effects, especially the absorption of harmonics, the intensity of an attosecond pulse cannot be improved by just independently increasing the gas pressure or the medium length. On the other hand, due to good phase-matching conditions, the duration of a generated attosecond pulse can be improved by changing the gas pressure.     

中红外组合激光场调控宽带超连续谱的产生

本文对原子在波长为2000nm、脉宽为12.5fs的中红外驱动脉冲和脉宽为1.3fs的紫外控制脉冲叠加形成的组合场中产生的高次谐波进行了研究.通过组合场驱动氦原子得到了谱宽为230eV的超连续谱.利用组合场产生的谐波比单独利用中红外脉冲产生的谐波的强度高了3个量级.对超连续谱进行滤波并调节组合场中两束激光的延迟时间,可以直接产生100as的单个脉冲.我们发现超连续谱的宽度和位置几乎不会因为驱动场和控制场强度的变化而改变,这种性质有利于从实验上获得单个宽谱阿秒脉冲.