共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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针对ICF靶所用掺杂聚合物及其泡沫的研制,制备出铜掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP)泡沫和掺溴聚合物材料。在掺杂聚合物泡沫过程中采用了超声波振荡的方式,提高了纳米铜粉在PMP泡沫骨架中的分布均匀性。掺杂纳米铜粉CH泡沫已用于今年“神光”Ⅱ试验中,并取得了较好的物理实验结果。利用溴(Br2)和PMP在光照条件下发生的自由基取代反应,制备了部分溴代聚4-甲基-1-戊烯样品。通过控制加入溴的量来控制最终产物中溴的掺杂量。利用红外光谱与元素分析确证样品中溴原子的存在。样品在150℃以前比较稳定,但在150℃以后就会失去溴化氢(HBr)。这对制造靶材料要求的泡沫材料提出了较高的要求。本课题还进行了低密度泡沫铜制备技术和无氰化学镀铁工艺研究。制备得到体积密度约3%的泡沫铜以及化学镀铁样品。 相似文献
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详细论述了掺溴聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP)低密度泡沫的制备方法与性质测量。以PMP为泡沫骨架材料,均四甲苯/萘为溶剂,六溴苯为掺杂单体,利用热诱导倒相法制备出密度20~60 mg/cm3的掺溴低密度泡沫。在理论密度为50 mg/cm3时掺杂溴原子最大质量分数可达58.91%。利用扫描电镜观测泡沫结构表明:聚合物泡沫均是一种“叶片”状开放的结构,“叶片”的大小依赖于聚合物掺杂量的多少。随着掺杂量的增大,可供形核-长大的晶核也逐渐增多,最终得到的聚合物“叶片”较小。整个体系中密度分布是较为均匀的,掺杂单体在整个聚合物体系中基本不存在沉降的趋势。整个泡沫体系在低温区未出现较大的失重,溶剂的脱出较为完全线。 相似文献
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利用物理掺杂的方法,制备了铜掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP)低密度泡沫材料,采用高分辨扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜,分析了泡沫材料的微观结构、成分及微区成分分布。结果表明:与PMP泡沫相比,铜掺杂PMP泡沫的孔洞直径和网络骨架尺寸变大;铜颗粒镶嵌在PMP泡沫的有机骨架上且有团聚现象;泡沫材料中除碳、铜外,还残留有杂质元素氧;铜颗粒被PMP泡沫包裹,与碳网络骨架之间接触紧密。 相似文献
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李来才 《原子与分子物理学报》2016,33(6)
采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法对4-二甲基对巯基苯胺吸附在Ag簇上催化偶联生成4,4’-二巯基偶氮苯(4,4’-DMAB)的反应机理进行理论研究。对比研究了暗反应条件下和光照条件下4-二甲基对巯基苯胺吸附在Ag簇上发生催化偶联生成4,4’-二巯基偶氮苯(4,4’-DMAB)的反应机理。为了了解4-二甲基对巯基苯胺中的巯基端S原子吸附在银簇上对反应的影响,比较研究了4-二甲基对巯基苯胺中的N和S原子同时吸附和仅N原子吸附在银簇上两种条件下的化学反应机理。用自然键轨道(NBO)理论和分子中的原子理论(AIM)分析了分子轨道间相互作用和成键特征。研究结果发现:该反应的关键在于氨基端两个甲基的脱去;在暗反应和光照条件下,两端吸附时第二个甲基脱去所需活化能均很高,分别为57.95 、63.88 kcal/mol,表明光照在反应中没起到催化作用。暗反应条件下巯基端吸附起到助催化作用,反应为两端协同催化过程。光照条件下银簇两端协同催化过程表现得不明显。 相似文献
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以聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP)为泡沫骨架材料,金颗粒为掺杂材料,均四甲苯与萘为混合溶剂体系,通过热诱导倒相技术制备出金掺杂低密度聚合物泡沫。实验结果表明:在金含量不变的情况下,掺杂泡沫的实际密度与理论密度呈线性关系;在理论密度不变的情况下,掺杂泡沫的实际密度随掺杂质量分数的增加趋近于理论值;金实际掺杂质量分数低于理论掺杂质量分数;掺杂泡沫与纯PMP泡沫具有类似的孔洞结构,随掺杂质量分数的增加泡沫的孔洞直径分布变宽且网络骨架尺寸有变大的趋势。 相似文献
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采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法对4-二甲基对巯基苯胺吸附在Ag簇上催化偶联生成4,4’-二巯基偶氮苯(4,4’-DMAB)的反应机理进行理论研究.对比研究了暗反应条件下和光照条件下4-二甲基对巯基苯胺吸附在Ag簇上发生催化偶联生成4,4’-二巯基偶氮苯(4,4’-DMAB)的反应机理.为了了解4-二甲基对巯基苯胺中的巯基端S原子吸附在银簇上对反应的影响,比较研究了4-二甲基对巯基苯胺中的N和S原子同时吸附和仅N原子吸附在银簇上两种条件下的化学反应机理.用自然键轨道(NBO)理论和分子中的原子理论(AIM)分析了分子轨道间相互作用和成键特征.研究结果发现:该反应的关键在于氨基端两个甲基的脱去,在暗反应和光照条件下,两端吸附时第二个甲基脱去所需活化能均很高,分别为57.95、63.88 kcal/mol,表明光照在反应中没起到催化作用.暗反应条件下巯基端吸附起到助催化作用,反应为两端协同催化过程.光照条件下银簇两端协同催化过程表现得不明显. 相似文献
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为观测和分析铜掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP/Cu)低密度泡沫材料中铜颗粒的三维空间分布,采用高分辨X射线断层扫描技术,扫描PMP/Cu泡沫材料样品,对铜颗粒在聚合物泡沫中的分布进行了成像分析。经过图像处理和三维重构,获得铜颗粒在PMP聚合物泡沫中的三维立体分布图。结果分析显示:铜纳米粒子在PMP泡沫中存在团聚现象;不同尺寸的团聚物形态呈现出明显的多样化特征,小颗粒团聚物趋于球形,大颗粒团聚物趋于不规则的短木棒状,与在电子显微镜下直接观测到的结果一致。研究表明,该技术可以在不破坏样品的前提下,实现对有机聚合物泡沫材料中掺杂金属颗粒空间分布情况的直接观测。 相似文献
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Tarik Matrab Bernadette Charleux Eva Cabet-deliry Mohamed M. Chehimi Michel Delamar 《Surface science》2007,601(11):2357-2366
Poly(n-butyl methacrylate), PBMA, chains were grafted by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from the surface of iron plates using electrochemically attached initiators based on diazonium salts providing an iron/polyphenylene/PBMA structure. This surface-initiated ATRP procedure was controlled by the addition of a small proportion of Cu++ deactivator, but in the absence of any sacrificial initiator. Combined XPS, IR and AFM experiments provide a powerful means for the characterization of the obtained complex iron/polyphenylene/PBMA layered structure. It is possible to measure the thickness of the brominated aryl structure covalently attached to iron. Concerning the PBMA brushes, their presence on the surface was confirmed by IRRAS. The brominated chain end could be traced by XPS testifying for the ATRP character of the polymerization and the thickness of the polymer brushes was determined. The controlled living ATRP character of the polymerization is confirmed through a linear correlation between the thickness of the layer and the degree of polymerization. Measurement of the grafting density of PBMA chains indicates that they are compactly packed and that, approximately, one brominated aryl chain out of two efficiently initiates ATRP. 相似文献
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We studied the magnetic properties of Mn/Fe codoped ZnS comparatively with and without defects using first-principle calculation. The calculated results indicate that the Mn/Fe codoped ZnS system tends to stabilize in a ferrimagnetic (FiM) configuration. To obtain a ferromagnetic (FM) configuration, we consider the doped system with defects, such as S or Zn vacancy. The calculated results indicate that the doped system with Zn vacancy favors FiM states. Although the FM states of the doped system with S vacancy are more stable than the FiM states in negative charge states, the FM states are not stable enough to exist. Finally, we replaced an S atom by a C atom in the doped system. The C atom prefers to substitute the S atom connecting Mn and Fe atoms. The formation energy of this defect is −0.40 eV, showing that Mn/Fe/C codoped ZnS can be fabricated easily by experiments. Furthermore, the FM state was lower in energy than the FiM state by 114 meV. Such a large energy difference between the FM and FiM states implies that room temperature ferromagnetism could be expected in such a system. 相似文献
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J. Mejía-López J. Pinto A. H. Romero 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2008,50(1):45-52
We report a structural, electronic and magnetic analysis of minimal MnnS clusters, n = 1–13, from ab initio calculations. Total geometry optimizations were performed by considering compact manganese
clusters, doped with a single sulphur atom. The doping was added to the cluster by considering substitution, interstitial
and adsorbed positions. To further investigate the influence of the sulphur doping on the magnetic properties of manganese
clusters, we performed non collinear magnetic calculations within the local spin density approximation (LSDA) for the exchange-correlation.
We find that the electronic properties can be better controlled when the cluster is doped with a sulphur atom, and less size
dependent. There are no differences in the magnetic properties of doped and non-doped clusters, except for n=7 and 8, in which
the total magnetic moment per atom are smaller in doped clusters. 相似文献