运动媒质的边界条件

运动媒质的边界条件，现有的资料中都是用非相对论的方法导出的［１］，得出的结论常常又被用来讨论一些运动边界的相对论问题［２］．本文首先导出了运动媒质界面单位法线矢量的相对论变换公式，并作了一些讨论；进而由静止媒质的边界条件和洛伦兹变换导出了运动媒质的边界条件．     

高速运动电荷的辐射角分布

本文从低速运动电荷的偶极辐射角分布出发，通过对辐射方向、立体角元及辐射频率的洛仑兹变换导出高速运动电荷辐射角分布的公式，证明了高速电荷辐射功率沿运动方向集中的现象是由于参考系运动状态不同的结果．     

运动媒质中的电磁波

利用煤质中麦克斯韦方程组的变换式，导出了运动媒质中电磁波满足的方程，进而得到了“静止电磁波”满足的方程及春表达式。     

电磁波在相对论稀薄电离波面上的反射角和透射角

对电磁波与相对论稀薄电离波面相互作用产生的反射角和透射角进行了研究，首先在波面参考系中根据电磁波在固定边界上的相位匹配条件，确定电磁波在静止电离波面上的反射角和透射角，并利用波矢量和频率和相对论变换，导出了在实验室参考系中相应的反射角和透射角的表达式，最后对所得的结果作了进一步的讨论。     

由速度间隔不变性直接推导相对论动力学

证明了若采用Lorentz速度变换的微分形式—速度间隔不变性，即可由经典力学直接导出狭义相对论的动力学规律。     

浅谈变换参考系在能量问题中的应用

通过实例推导变换参考系后的动能定理表达式,并将变换参考系的思想应用到有关能量的问题中简化问题的研究．     

电磁波在运动媒质表面反射和折射时的多普勒频移

利用不同惯性系间电磁波传播矢量的相对论变换，导出了电磁波在运动媒质表面反时和折时时其反射波和折射波的频率与入时波的频率之间的关系。     

变速运动磁单极场强的各种表式及磁单极势的积分形式

本文给出了加速运动磁单极场强的严格解.从势的积分定义出发导出了静止、匀速直线运动的磁单极势的具体表达式.讨论了加速磁单极势的形式问题.结果表明,在静止情况下得到吴-杨势.匀速运动情况下的势也可以通过Lorentz变换从吴-杨势得到.但加速运动磁单极的势不可能通过Lorentz变换得到.而加速电子的李纳-维谢尔势却可通过Lorentz变换得到.这表明加速磁荷与电荷有着本质的差异.     

动生电动势与感生电动势的统一

利用相对论质能关系、不同参考系中电磁场的变换关系和牛顿第二定律,先研究了一般的电源电动势在不同参考系之间的变换,再推导出相对论中的感生电动势和动生电动势公式,从而使它们达到了定量的统一.     

电磁运动媒质表面反射和折射时的多普勒频移

利用不同惯性系间电磁波传播矢量的相对论变换，导出了电磁波在运动媒质表面反射和折射时其反射波和折射波的频率与入射波的频率之间的关系。     

Quantum entanglement of moving bodies

We study the properties of quantum entanglement in moving frames, and show that, because spin and momentum become mixed when viewed by a moving observer, the entanglement between the spins of a pair of particles is not invariant. We give an example of a pair, fully spin entangled in the rest frame, which has its spin entanglement reduced in all other frames. Similarly, we show that there are pairs whose spin entanglement increases from zero to maximal entanglement when boosted. While spin and momentum entanglement separately are not Lorentz invariant, the joint entanglement of the wave function is.     

Bell’s inequality with Dirac particles

We study Bell’s inequality using the Bell states constructed from four component Dirac spinors. Spin operator is related to the Pauli-Lubanski pseudo vector which is relativistic invariant operator. By using Lorentz transformation, in both Bell states and spin operator, we obtain an observer independent Bell’s inequality, so that it is maximally violated as long as it is violated maximally in the rest frame. The article is published in the original.     

Simultaneity on the Rotating Disk

The disk that rotates in an inertial frame in special relativity has long been analysed by assuming a Lorentz contraction of its peripheral elements in that frame, which has produced widely varying views in the literature. We show that this assumption is unnecessary for a disk that corresponds to the simplest form of rotation in special relativity. After constructing such a disk and showing that observers at rest on it do not constitute a true rotating frame, we choose a “master” observer and calculate a set of disk coordinates and spacetime metric pertinent to that observer. We use this formalism to resolve the “circular twin paradox”, then calculate the speed of light sent around the periphery as measured by the master observer, to show that this speed is a function of sent-direction and disk angle traversed. This result is consistent with the Sagnac Effect, but constitutes a finer analysis of that effect, which is normally expressed using an average speed for a full trip of the periphery. We also use the formalism to give a resolution of “Selleri’s paradox”.     

Quantum Collapse, Consciousness and Superluminal Communication

The relation between quantum collapse, consciousness and superluminal communication is analyzed. As we know, quantum collapse, if exists, can result in the appearance of quantum nonlocality, and requires the existence of a preferred Lorentz frame. This may permit the realization of quantum superluminal communication (QSC), which will no longer result in the usual causal loop in case of the existence of a preferred Lorentz frame. The possibility of the existence of QSC is further analyzed under the assumption that quantum collapse is a real process. We demonstrate that the combination of quantum collapse and the consciousness of the observer will permit the observer to distinguish nonorthogonal states in principle. This provides a possible way to realize QSC. Some implications of the existence of QSC are briefly discussed.     

A Rotating Quantum Vacuum

We investigate how a uniformly rotating frame is defined as the rest frame of an observer rotating with constant angular velocity around the z axis of an inertial frame. Assuming this frame to be a Lorentz one, we second quantize a free massless scalar field in the rotating frame and obtain that creation-annihilation operators of the field are not the same as those of an inertial frame. This leads to a new vacuum state—a rotating vacuum. After this, introducing an apparatus device coupled linearly with the field, we obtain that there is a strong correlation between the number of Trocheries-Takeno particles (in a given state) obtained via canonical quantization and the response function of the rotating detector. Finally, we analyze polarization effects in circular accelerators in the proper frame of the electron, making a connection with the inertial frame point of view.     

The relativistic Doppler effect: when a zero‐frequency shift or a red shift exists for sources approaching the observer

It is shown without making use of Lorentz transformation that there exists a phenomenon of relativistic zero‐frequency shift in Doppler effect for a plane wave in free space, observed in two inertial frames of relative motion, and the zero shift takes place at a maximum aberration of light. When it is applied to analysis of a moving point light source, two unconventional physical implications result: (1) a light source, when it is approaching (moving closer to) the observer, may cause a red shift; (2) a zero‐frequency‐shift observation does not necessarily mean that the light source is not moving closer, and in contrast, the light source may be moving closer to the observer at a high speed. This fundamental result of special relativity may provide an alternative way to experimentally examine the principle of relativity, and might have a significant application in astrophysics.     

The reconciliation of physics with cosmology

Astronomical observations of redshifts and the cosmic background radiation show that there is a local frame of reference relative to which the solar system has a well-defined velocity. Also, in cosmology the cosmological principle implies the existence of cosmic time and unique local reference frames at all spacetime points. On the other hand, in a fundamental postulate, the theory of special relativity excludes the possibility of the velocity of the Earth from entering into theories of local physics.The theory put forward in this paper resolves this conflict between local physics and cosmology. The theory retains the essential ingredient of the mathematical structure of special relativity, namely covariance under the Lorentz symmetry group, but changes radically the interpretation of the physical significance of the Lorentz transformation. The theory is based on the postulate that in free space the fundamental interactions in physics are propagated with constant velocity with respect to the local rest frame. In Minkowski spacetime the local rest frame of reference defines a unique time axis and consequently a unique three-dimensional spatial hyperplane. One particularly important result of this is that the theory includes the classical notion of simultaneity. From the fundamental postulate it follows that the equations of local physics, when expressed in terms of the rest frame coordinate system, must be covariant under the Lorentz symmetry group. By the identification of the local rest frame with the (unique) cosmological local reference frame the two theories become mutually consistent.The effects of the motion of the Earth on laboratory experiments are discussed. It is pointed out that existing experimental data do not discriminate between the present theory and that of special relativity: a proposal for an experimental test is made.Address for the academic year 1990–1991: 415 Graduate Studies Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602.     

Lengths on rotating platforms

The paper treats the issue of the length of a rotating circumference as seen from on board the moving disk and from an inertial reference frame. It is shown that, properly defining a measuring process, the result is in both cases 2πR thus dissolving the Ehrenfest paradox. The same holds good when considering that, for the rotating observer, the perceived radius coincides with the curvature radius of a space-time helix and a complete round trip corresponds to an angle which differs from the one seen by the inertial observer. The apparent contradiction with the Lorentz contraction is discussed.     

A model for the Schrödinger zitterbewegung and the plane monochromatic wave

The stochastic approach worked out in earlier papers is applied to the Dirac fluid. It gives a model of the Schrödinger zitterbewegung, from which, by the spinor-vector correspondence, a model of the plane monochromatic wave in the rest frame is derived. The relation of the scheme with quantization is found to have the same character as in the previous papers. The link of spin with relativity is explained.     

Use of the Lorentz Transformations in Noninertial Reference Frames

The Lorentz transformations are used within the model of a noninertial reference frame without infinitely high accelerations arising at instantaneous jumps of an accelerated observer between different inertial reference frames. It is demonstrated that the twin paradox can be explained within this model with the help of the Lorentz transformations. Based on the model of a noninertial reference frame, the acceleration a measured in the noninertial reference frame is related to the acceleration a measured in an inertial reference frame.