三维光存储中折射率失配引起的球差补偿

为实现三维光存储中折射率失配引起的球差补偿,建立了光学存储系统模型,获得了折射率失配引起的波前偏差函数与存储深度的表达式.采用泽尔尼克循环多项式对波前偏差函数进行补偿展开.在双光子荧光和单光子共焦荧光读出方式下,均可获得读出荧光强度与存储深度的关系:在折射率失配引起的球差未得到补偿矫正的情况下,存储深度在200μm左右读出荧光强度基本上下降为零;当折射率失配引起的初级球差被补偿矫正后,读出荧光强度随存储深度的下降得到较好改善;当折射率失配引起的二级球差被补偿矫正后,存储深度在1mm内存储点强度随深度基本上没有明显地变化.并且对像差补偿方法进行了具体地分析.     

等曝光量时间递增双光子三维光存储

为提高双光子三维光存储的深层存储信息的读出信号强度和存储容量,根据Torok的光在多层介质中传播理论,模拟了折射率失配情况下(介质折射率为1.48,数值孔径为NA=0.65)双光子写入光束在不同存储深度处会聚点的强度分布,分析得到了会聚点处最大光强平方与存储深度的关系;根据原子的光吸收基本理论,分析得到了等曝光量写入光强不变情况下曝光时间随存储深度增加的递增关系;根据上述结果和利用自制的双光子三维光存储系统在光致变色存储材料中实现了连续八层的信息存储对比实验,实验结果表明等曝光量时间递增存储方法可有效提高存储容量和深层存储信息的读出信号强度.     

折射率失配对双光子三维光存储中像差的影响

双光子吸收三维光信息存储是实现高密度光存储的重要方法。三维数据写入过程中光束需经过两层不同的介质(如空气和存储材料),对像差和存储效果产生很大的影响,因此在理论和实验上分析系统各项光学参量对折射率失配引起的像差和存储效果的影响具有很大的意义。首先建立光学存储系统模型,在平行平板条件下,利用波像差函数推导展开,获得五项初级(赛德耳)像差,即球差、彗差、像散、场曲、畸变,然后对于存储材料在水平和倾斜两种情况下对初级像差进行模拟计算与分析,理论模拟与实验表明:物镜的数值孔径越大,像差随着存储深度增加而增大的速度就越快。     

双光子激光扫描显微镜中折射率失配引起的图象变形研究

双光子激光扫描显微镜(TPLSM)在观察生理溶液中的生物样品的结构时,水浸物镜是最好的选择.但是TPLSM在进行生物样品的三维结构观察时,需要样品和物镜在Z轴方向上做相对移动,这种移动很容易引起样品在水溶液中飘动.为了防止这种样品的漂移,往往要在水物镜和样品之间加入盖波片.由于盖波片和水及样品间的折射率失配将会导致TPLSM荧光图象的变形,给观察结果带来误差.本文主要利用TPLSM的外源探测器(ex-ternal detection)观察荧光小球的TPLSM的荧光图象,比较插入盖波片前后小球荧光图象的变化情况,研究水浸物镜在插入盖波片后折射率失配引起TPLSM图象的变形程度及共焦小孔对改进图象变形的作用.结果显示盖波片的折射率失配不仅导致TPLSM荧光图象的畸变,同时还导致TPLSM图象的荧光强度和信噪比的下降.进一步的研究表明共焦小孔可以部分改进由于折射率失配引起畸变的TPLSM荧光图象的质量.     

高功率二极管泵浦激光模块的热致球差

 为获得高功率高光束质量的激光器,对激光器中的热致球差进行了研究。介绍了高功率二极管泵浦Nd:YAG棒激光模块热致球差的测量和补偿方法。使用S-H波前探测器测量了激光模块的三阶球差,设计了补偿系统对激光模块的球差进行了补偿,并对补偿前后的各阶像差进行了分析。在主振功放(MOPA)系统中使用球差补偿系统,工作电流110 A时,光束质量平方因子从9.2提高到6.4。实验结果表明球差补偿系统能消除激光模块的的三阶球差,而且不会引起其它像差的增大,提高了激光器光束质量。     

基于人眼光学质量的球差和离焦补偿关系研究

基于人眼光学质量客观评估方法,通过实测的屈光手术前后人眼波前像差数据,研究和分析了球差与离焦的补偿关系。结果表明,对于屈光手术前的近视眼患者,离焦与球差的补偿关系并不明显。对于屈光手术后的近视眼患者,离焦与球差的补偿关系明显,残余离焦可以部分补偿由于高阶像差增加引起的视功能降低。当残余离焦处于0.27D～0.74D范围内,离焦与高阶像差组合后,光学质量提高了20%以上。在屈光手术方案设计时,预留0.27D～0.74D的离焦时,可以使80%的人眼达到更好的视觉矫正效果。     

自适应光学系统中波前重建的快速求解

当激光在大气中传输时,光通道中介质折射率的随机变化,引起激光波前的畸变,导致激光的扭曲、畸变,降低了光学系统的性能.波前畸变可以由自适应光学进行补偿、校正.为了进行实时补偿,补偿必须能快速响应波前畸变的信息.基于这一思想,文章对有关波前重建的三种基本方式进行研究.利用变化矩阵的稀疏特性,根据各自的特点发展了存储单元少、反映速度快的计算方案.并分别对不同形状的波前进行了重建,以示对方案的检验.     

利用受激布里渊散射在光纤中实现光存储

利用有限差分法在慢变包络近似下求解了耦合波方程组,并从理论上实现了短光脉冲的存储。研究了数据脉冲的读出效率随声子寿命、布里渊增益系数、数据脉冲强度和控制脉冲强度的变化规律。结果显示:在长声子寿命的条件下,可以获得高的读出效率和长的存储时间,而布里渊增益系数和数据脉冲强度对读出效率没有影响;增大布里渊增益系数可以降低所需控制脉冲的强度。这种方法对短脉冲可以实现有效存储,而对长脉冲不能实现存储。     

体全息存储分维复用串扰噪声分析

基于耦合波理论并引入波矢簇的概念 ,对体全息存储分维复用的串扰噪声进行了分析。在改变参考光俯仰及偏转角度条件下对全息图的读出图像进行了模拟计算 ,给出了实验结果 ,计算得到了二维串扰强度分布。理论及实验证明 ,在改变读出参考光俯仰角的情况下 ,谱面全息图呈现水平带状读出 ,并且带状图样随偏转角改变而上下移动     

光折变多重存储的栅自增强读出特性研究

研究了光折变重存储读出时折射率栅自增强特性与记录晶体厚度、记录时的光强比以及写入的折射率栅振幅之间的关系.结果表明记录晶体的厚度大于某一值,才有自增强效应;较小的参物光强比具有较大的自增强效果,能获得较大的读出衍射效率;自增强读出所能达到的最大衍射效率与写入的栅振幅大小无关,而读出时衍射效率增加的速率与写入的栅振幅成反比.     

Effect of refractive index mismatch aberration in arsenic trisulfide

We demonstrate compensation for the spherical aberration due to the refractive index mismatch that occurs when a laser beam is focused into a thick arsenic trisulfide (As $_2$ S $_3$ ) film with a high numerical aperture objective. The effects of the aberration at different focal depths on the point spread function have been calculated numerically and the axial response method shown to be a useful measure for compensating the spherical aberration. We show that with the addition of adaptive optics based on a spatial light modulator, the aberration can be significantly reduced, resulting in an increase in peak intensity by a factor of 2.4 and a decrease in axial elongation by a factor of 2.2.     

EFFECT OF SPHERICAL ABERRATION INTRODUCED BY WATER SOLUTION ON TRAPPING FORCE

Trapping force of an optical tweezers system with an oil immersion objective is calculated with a ray-optics model. Results indicate that the trapping force will be decreased as a result of the introduction of spherical aberration, which is caused by the refractive mismatch between objective oil and water, when the sample manipulated is suspended in a water solution. The effect of spherical aberration will be serious when the detection depth of the optical tweezers is enhanced.     

Efficient in-depth trapping with an oil-immersion objective lens

Maximum trapping efficiency in optical tweezers occurs close to the coverslip because spherical aberration owing to a mismatch in the refractive indices of the specimen (water) and the immersion oil dramatically decreases the trap efficiency as the trap depth increases. Measuring the axial trap efficiency at various tube lengths by use of an oil-immersion objective has shown that such an aberration can be balanced by another source of spherical aberration, leading to a shift in the position of the maximum efficiency in the Z direction. For a 1.1 microm polystyrene bead we could achieve the maximal efficiency at a depth of 70 microm, whereas the trap was stable up to a depth of 100 microm.     

Orientation-enhanced nonlinear optical properties and phase-conjugate reflective system of a novel Azobenzene doped polymer film

This paper reports that the nonlinear refractive index of a novel organic optical storage film doped azo-diphenylamine polymer is measured by using the $Z$-scan technique. The nonlinear refractive index up to $3.7\times 10 ^{ - 6 }$~cm$^{2}$/W induced by thermo-optical effect is obtained. It indicates that the sample has excellent optical nonlinear properties. The physical mechanism of the great nonlinear optical effect is analysed and the optical conjugate characteristic is also discussed with degenerate four-wave-mixing. The phase conjugate wave diffracted from the formative refractive index grating in the sample is acquired and its equivalent reflectivity reaches about 22{\%}. On this basis, the reflective wave phase-conjugated mirror system was designed, and the image aberration experienced in propagation in the storage experiment is corrected by using the system.     

Focus depth characteristics of lenses with long focal depth designed by a focal depth function

The validity of a focal length function is investigated in designing optical element with long focal depth and high lateral resolution. The designed lenses with different starting focal length are studied. Two focusing performance measures, focal depth and lateral resolution, are presented. Comparing with the conventional lens and optical element designed by other focal length function, numerical results of the designed optics element indicate that the long focal depth and high lateral resolution are achieved. The validity of the focal length function is confirmed. Meanwhile, the designed optical element is similar with the lens with spherical aberration. It means that one can easily implement long focal depth by applying appropriate phase modulation to a lens with spherical aberration.     

High aperture focusing through a spherical interface: Application to refractive solid immersion lens (RSIL) for subsurface imaging

The effects of on-axis spherical aberration and defocus on focusing across a spherical interface between two materials of mismatched refractive index are discussed. A vectorial integral representation for high aperture focusing in this configuration is formulated and an analytical expression for the spherical aberration function is derived. Numerical simulations are performed to analyse the effects of the spherical interface on both the transverse and axial intensity profiles. The results from these numerical simulations are important industrially in understanding the resolution enhancements from solid immersion lens technology, as well as being of more fundamental interest in calculating the distribution at the focal plane under different solid immersion lens configurations.     

Three-dimensional optical measurement of instantaneous pressure

Local perturbations in material density induced in a material by a compressional wave give rise to local perturbations in refractive index. Accurate, high-resolution, three-dimensional, optical measurements of an instantaneous refractive index perturbation in a homogeneous, optically transparent medium may be obtained from measurements of scattered optical intensity alone. The method of generalized projections allows incorporation of optical intensity measurements into an iterative algorithm for computing the phase of the interrogating optical pulse as the solution of a fixed point equation. The complex optical field amplitude, computed in this manner, is unique up to a constant unit magnitude complex coefficient. The three-dimensional refractive index distribution may be computed via the Fourier slice reconstruction algorithm from the optical phase data under the assumption of weak optical scattering. The refractive index perturbation is related to local instantaneous pressure under a linear, small-displacement model for the mechanical wave. A numerical simulation of the measurement experiment, phase recovery, and reconstruction process for a plane piston ultrasound transducer with a semicircular aperture and center frequency of 1.5 MHz is described and corresponds very well with experiment. Experimental data obtained using an 810-nm laser source are used to reconstruct the three-dimensional pressure field from two elements of a 2.5-MHz linear array. Comparison with a measurement obtained via a 500-microm needle hydrophone shows excellent agreement.     

界面折射率不一致对显微成像穿透深度的限制

在运用共焦显微术及低相干显微成像术等进行光学断层成像时,要将光束聚焦到样品内部以便实现光学断层成像,然而由于生物组织等的折射率与盖玻璃以及浸液不同,因而会引入很大的球差,从而使入射电磁波发生畸变.分析了由于多层折射率不一致而引入的球差的大小,并运用所得的公式计算了折射率不一致对光在样品中穿透深度及焦面附近光场分布的影响.