去除乘性噪音的主成分分析算法

雷达成像系统的进一步应用依赖于对图像中噪音的有效抑制.在目前现有消除噪音方法的基础上,基于图像的局部相似性,结合主成分分析法,提出一种新的有效去除乘性噪音的滤波算法.乘性噪音经对数变换后可转化为加性噪音处理.分析了对数域中噪音的类型.首先在图像的对数域,通过非局部方法选取局部相似块作为训练样本,利用主成分分析法提取出信...     

采用非局部主成分分析的极大似然估计图像去噪

本文提出一种采用非局部主成分分析的极大似然估计去噪方法.首先采用非局部主成分分析算法来计算像素邻域间的灰度值和纹理结构相似性,然后通过极大似然估计方法估计最优复原图像.本方法使用非局部主成分分析克服现有局部性去噪方法模糊边界等缺陷,引入极大似然估计方法来改进现有非局部均值的简单加权均值去噪处理,从而提高对图像细节信息的复原能力.最后分别使用本文方法、非局部均值和局部极大似然估计三种去噪方法,在不同噪音大小和不同几何纹理复杂度的图像中进行定性和定量的去噪实验.结果表明,本文方法可在保持图像细节和纹理信息的情况下有效去噪,较之现有方法效果更好.     

基于非局部均值滤波与时域高通滤波的非均匀性校正算法

时域高通滤波非均匀性校正是一种典型的基于场景的红外焦平面阵列非均匀性校正算法,但其易产生"鬼影"现象,影响校正效果.本文在时域高通滤波校正算法的原理基础上,分析了其校正过程中"鬼影"现象产生的原因,即由于全部图像信息的叠加而导致静止场景被滤除且运动场景会在当前位置留下反转的图像,从而形成"鬼影".引入非局部均值滤波方法,提出了一种去"鬼影"的非局部均值滤波-时域高通滤波非均匀性校正方法.该方法首先采用非局部均值滤波将图像信息分离成高低频两部分(其中高频成分含有大部分噪音及非均匀性),并使用高频成分进行时域高通滤波算法中低通输出的递归运算,使得低通滤波后的图像含有较少的场景信息,从而可使校正输出图像含有较少的"鬼影"现象.采用两组真实红外序列图像进行验证,结果表明该算法不仅能获得较好的非均匀性校正效果,而且能较好地抑制时域高通滤波算法中的"鬼影"现象.     

基于复小波和局部梯度的靶标图像混合降噪

提出了一种有效去除光电成像测量系统中靶标图像噪音的混合降噪法.根据图像像素局部梯度模找出图像中受椒盐噪音污染的像素,使用中值滤波降噪.对去除椒盐噪音的图像,利用复对数Gabor小波提取各像素的相位信息和幅度信息,确定最小尺度滤波器对噪音幅度分布的估计值,从而自动地确定各个尺度上的噪音幅度分布的估计值和噪音萎缩阈值,达到有效降噪的目的.实验表明,该方法的降噪效果明显优于实symlet4小波、中值滤波和单一复对数Gabor小波降噪法.     

基于时空联合滤波技术的缓慢运动红外弱小目标检测算法

针对天空云层杂波与噪音背景下红外弱小目标的检测和跟踪问题,提出了一种基于时域和空域联合滤波的检测算法.首先对所获取的红外图像序列进行标准化预处理,再用时域滤波算法对预处理后的图像序列进行滤波,然后采用目标增强算法,对残留的云层杂波和噪音做进一步抑制.最后,通过实验对所提出的算法进行检验,结果证明了算法的有效性.     

基于递推最小二乘的红外焦平面非均匀校正算法

根据递推最小二乘和图像配准原理,提出了基于递推最小二乘的红外焦平面非均匀校正算法(简称ILS算法),有效降低算法的时间和空间复杂度,使噪音图像的校正处理能够实时完成.ILS算法具有噪音参量估计准确度高、收敛速度快和计算复杂度低等优点.给出了算法的推导并用仿真数据对算法的有效性进行验证.     

基于递推最小二乘的红外焦平面非均匀校正算法

根据递推最小二乘和图像配准原理，提出了基于递推最小二乘的红外焦平面非均匀校正算法（简称ILS算法），有效降低算法的时间和空间复杂度，使噪音图像的校正处理能够实时完成.ILS算法具有噪音参量估计准确度高、收敛速度快和计算复杂度低等优点.给出了算法的推导并用仿真数据对算法的有效性进行验证.     

采用非局部主成分分析的极大似然估计图像去噪

本文提出一种采用非局部主成分分析的极大似然估计去噪方法.首先采用非局部主成分分析算法来计算像素邻域间的灰度值和纹理结构相似性,然后通过极大似然估计方法估计最优复原图像.本方法使用非局部主成分分析克服现有局部性去噪方法模糊边界等缺陷,引入极大似然估计方法来改进现有非局部均值的简单加权均值去噪处理,从而提高对图像细节信息的...     

基于分组主成分分析的光学相干图像降斑算法

通过分析临床医学图像中光学相干断层成像(OCT)的相干斑噪声模型,提出了一种基于局部分组主成分分析的光学相干断层图像降斑算法。根据相干图像的统计特征,利用同态滤波将乘性噪声转换为加性噪声;将训练集中待处理的像素及其邻域表示成子块向量,利用块相似性度量对子块进行分组,并用于主成分分析。为有效抑制相干图像中病灶的噪声干扰,将该算法执行两次。实验结果表明:所提算法在降斑的同时较好地保留了图像的细节信息,而且获得了较高的客观评价指标。     

基于四阶累计量的固定噪音参量估计

根据高斯噪音高于二阶的累积量为零的特性，提出基于四阶累计量的红外焦平面固定噪音乘性参量估计算法，完成从图象场景中自适应估计阵列单元的增益.利用泰勒级数展开给出乘性参量估计均值和方差的统计特性，证明算法给出乘性增益的估计为渐进无偏估计.提出的算法用蒙特卡罗仿真给予验证，证明了算法的有效性.并将提出的算法应用于实际图象的处理，有效降低了固定图案噪音，达到了较高的非均匀校正水平.     

A hybrid spatial-spectral denoising method for infrared hyperspectral images using 2DPCA

The traditional noise reduction methods for 3-D infrared hyperspectral images typically operate independently in either the spatial or spectral domain, and such methods overlook the relationship between the two domains. To address this issue, we propose a hybrid spatial-spectral method in this paper to link both domains. First, principal component analysis and bivariate wavelet shrinkage are performed in the 2-D spatial domain. Second, 2-D principal component analysis transformation is conducted in the 1-D spectral domain to separate the basic components from detail ones. The energy distribution of noise is unaffected by orthogonal transformation; therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio of each component is used as a criterion to determine whether a component should be protected from over-denoising or denoised with certain 1-D denoising methods. This study implements the 1-D wavelet shrinking threshold method based on Stein’s unbiased risk estimator, and the quantitative results on publicly available datasets demonstrate that our method can improve denoising performance more effectively than other state-of-the-art methods can.     

激光相干场成像散斑噪声复合去噪方法

噪声是影响激光相干场高分辨成像系统像质的重要因素,激光相干场成像系统既受背景光加性噪声影响,又受激光乘性散斑噪声影响.为解决激光相干场成像系统受激光乘性散斑噪声和背景光加性噪声叠加引起的成像像质退化效应问题,从噪声抑制角度提高激光相干场系统高分辨成像像质,研究建立了激光散斑乘性噪声和背景光加性噪声对大气下行链路激光回波场信号影响干扰模型,并基于该模型提出了一种基于同态滤波和稀疏基追踪级联复合去噪算法.首先基于同态滤波理论将激光乘性散斑噪声转化为加性噪声,再由高通滤波器滤除散斑噪声,最后采用基追踪稀疏理论方法抑制背景光等加性噪声对像质的影响.研究表明,较现有单一去噪方法,该级联复合去噪方法可一次性消除激光乘性散斑噪声和背景加性噪声两种不同性质的噪声,有效改善了激光相干场成像质量.     

基于神经网络和小波变换的MRI图像去噪方法

过去10年中,小波变换在图像去噪中取得了很大的成功.人们提出了多种适用于小波去噪的阈值方法,而这些方法就是希望能够正确地反映有噪声小波系数与无噪声小波系数之间的映射关系.基于这种想法,我们提出一种在小波域中利用神经网络寻找这种映射关系的图像去噪新方法.我们把该方法应用于不同噪声分布的磁共振图像的去噪,取得了良好的效果.     

Generalized total variation-based MRI Rician denoising model with spatially adaptive regularization parameters

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an outstanding medical imaging modality but the quality often suffers from noise pollution during image acquisition and transmission. The purpose of this study is to enhance image quality using feature-preserving denoising method. In current literature, most existing MRI denoising methods did not simultaneously take the global image prior and local image features into account. The denoising method proposed in this paper is implemented based on an assumption of spatially varying Rician noise map. A two-step wavelet-domain estimation method is developed to extract the noise map. Following a Bayesian modeling approach, a generalized total variation-based MRI denoising model is proposed based on global hyper-Laplacian prior and Rician noise assumption. The proposed model has the properties of backward diffusion in local normal directions and forward diffusion in local tangent directions. To further improve the denoising performance, a local variance estimator-based method is introduced to calculate the spatially adaptive regularization parameters related to local image features and spatially varying noise map. The main benefit of the proposed method is that it takes full advantage of the global MR image prior and local image features. Numerous experiments have been conducted on both synthetic and real MR data sets to compare our proposed model with some state-of-the-art denoising methods. The experimental results have demonstrated the superior performance of our proposed model in terms of quantitative and qualitative image quality evaluations.     

Iterative block level principal component averaging medical image fusion

Image fusion is a method of integrating all relevant and complementary information from images of same source or various sources into a single composite image without any degradation. In this paper, a novel pixel level fusion called Iterative block level principal component averaging fusion is proposed by dividing source images into smaller blocks, thus principal components are calculated for relevant block of source images. Average of principal components of all the blocks provide weights for fusion rule, thus importance is given to blocks of source images. In this scenario, Iterations are incorporated in the form of size of blocks of source images which gives fusion results with maximum average mutual information. This algorithm is experimented for the fusion of noise free medical images and noise filtered of the same. The experimental results for both the cases show that the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of average mutual information and mean structural similarity index.     

一种改进的图像组合滤波方法

利用小波阈值去噪和Wiener滤波的特点,在文献［7］的基础上提出了一种改进的组合滤波方法,在进行空域自适应滤波之前,先对经BayesShrink处理过的预去噪图像重新估计其噪声方差,通过数值计算给出了该噪声方差的一种近似最优估计公式.实验结果表明该方法在去噪图像的均方误差和对不同图像的适应性方面都得到了改善.     

MRI denoising using progressively distribution-based neural network

Magnetic Resonance (MR) images often suffer from noise pollution during image acquisition and transmission, which limits the accuracy of quantitative measurements from the data. Noise in magnitude MR images is usually governed by Rician distribution, due to the existence of uncorrelated Gaussian noise with zero-mean and equal variance in both the real and imaginary parts of the complex K-space data. Different from the existing MRI denoising methods that utilizing the spatial neighbor information around the pixels or patches, this work turns to capture the pixel-level distribution information by means of supervised network learning. A progressive network learning strategy is proposed via fitting the distribution of pixel-level and feature-level intensities. The proposed network consists of two residual blocks, one is used for fitting pixel domain without batch normalization layer and another one is applied for matching feature domain with batch normalization layer. Experimental results under synthetic, complex-valued and clinical MR brain images demonstrate great potential of the proposed network with substantially improved quantitative measures and visual inspections.     

扫描电镜图像去噪的研究与实现

扫描电镜能直观观察样品的表面结构,但其高分辨形貌成像图固有的噪声不利于图像分析。针对集成电路器件扫描电镜成像图的去噪声问题,采用了通过滑动条方式自适应设置图像二值化阈值,将数学形态学处理方法与图像二值化相结合,实现了对图像噪声的自动去除处理;同时还设计了通过手动勾勒图像中的多边形区域实现去除噪声的功能;为使图像达到更好的效果,系统还可允许针对自动去噪后的图像自行选择是否进行手动去噪,并设计实现了风格直观简洁,易于操作的交互式用户界面。对多幅集成电路器件扫描电镜成像图进行去噪声处理的结果和对去噪前后的图像进行无参考图像质量评价的数据表明,该方法有效地改善了扫描电镜图的信噪比,获得了突出前景等有用信息。