共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 43 毫秒
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极低温、高压强、强磁场等极端条件是发现和调控新奇物态的重要途径.为了能在极端条件下实现灵敏的物性测量,需要发展先进的传感探测方案.基于金刚石氮空位中心的自旋量子传感可实现磁学、电学、力学、热学等物理参数的灵敏测量,而且拥有微纳尺度的空间分辨率和极其宽泛的工作区间,有望成为极端条件下灵敏物性测量的重要工具.本文主要介绍低温、高温、零场、强磁场以及高压强等极端条件下金刚石氮空位中心的光学性质和自旋相干性质,探讨极端条件下金刚石自旋量子传感所面临的机遇和挑战.本文也包含自旋量子传感的基础知识和极端条件下量子传感应用进展. 相似文献
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本文扼要地介绍了国际上低温物理实验技术的成熟程度和国内已具有的设备条件和技术能力,提出了扩展低温物理实验工作范围的意见. 相似文献
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我国低温等离子体研究进展(Ⅰ) 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
低温等离子体物理与技术的研究在国内受到了越来越多的重视.在等离子体中发现的一些有趣的物理现象,如磁场重联、尘埃等离子体等,使人们对等离子体物理的研究掀起了新的热潮.在应用方面,几乎所有理工类实验室都有涉及低温等离子体技术的实验装置,这使得在我国低温等离子体应用方面的研究非常普及,包括微电子工业中的等离子体工艺,各种坚硬、耐腐蚀、耐摩擦材料的制备,纳米材料的制备,聚合物以及生物材料的表面改性,等等.随着低温等离子体技术的发展,低温等离子体的诊断技术也随之发展起来.文章简要地介绍了近几年来低温等离子体研究在我国的发展,介绍了一些有关低温等离子体的热点研究课题. 相似文献
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稳态强磁场实验装置(Steady High Magnetic Field Facility,SHMFF)是我国自主研制的国内唯一能提供稳态强磁场实验条件的国家重大科技基础设施,已于2017年9月竣工,完成国家验收。SHMFF的磁体技术和装置综合性能达到国际领先水平,为我国材料、物理、化学、生命科学等多学科的前沿研究提供了一流水平的强磁场极端实验条件。来自国内外的众多科学家们正在利用SHMFF开展多学科研究,已经取得一大批重要的科学研究成果,不断地推动多学科基础科学前沿的发展。 相似文献
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随着近代实验技术的发展,低温、强激发,强磁场等极端条件的应用,使得人们对半导体中电子能量状态的研究在近十年中又有了新的突破。 相似文献
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正中国科学院强磁场科学中心于2008年成立。中心目标:发展强磁场科学技术;开展强磁场下多学科前沿研究;推动技术转移转化促进经济技术发展。其建成的稳态强磁场实验装置取得了一系列成就,磁体技术和综合性能处于国际领先地位。成功研制了创造世界纪录的系列水冷磁体、国际一流水平的混合磁体及其磁体支撑装备系统;成功研制了国际唯一的高场扫描隧道显微系统,国际独创的组合成像显微系统;国际领先的强磁场、超高压、低温综合极端实验条件。在国际上实现了强磁场实验条件从跟跑到领跑的跨越,使我国稳态强磁场科学研究条件跃升至世界一流水平,已成为国际上 相似文献
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激光驱动动态压缩实验是极端高压高密度研究的主要途径,在多个学科领域具有重要意义,包括地球行星科学,材料科学以及惯性约束聚变,有助于认识极端条件下的材料特性并拓展其在各学科的应用。近年来激光驱动压缩技术在激光装置、激光等离子体、制靶和诊断技术的同步提升下取得了突破性的进展,与其他极端条件实验平台相比,其斜波压缩、复杂路径、衰减冲击等新型加载路径得到快速发展,微介观诊断技术和宏观诊断技术相结合,具有明确的超高压、高温、高应变率以及高同步精度等技术特色。从激光驱动材料压缩的热力学路径、激光驱动的机制与特色、激光驱动实验技术、材料极端压缩物理进展等方面介绍激光驱动实验和理论方面的进展。 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with the problem of the validity of Leibniz's principle of the identity of indiscernibles in physics. After briefly surveying how the question is currently discussed in recent literature and which is the actual meaning of the principle for what concerns physics, we address the question of the physical validity of Leibniz's principle in terms of the existence of a sufficient number of naming predicates in the formal language of physics. This approach allows us to obtain in a formal way the result that a principle of the identity of indiscernibles can be justified in the domain of classical physics, while this is not the case in the domain of quantum physics. 相似文献
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M. J. Crowe 《Physics in Perspective (PIP)》1999,1(1):54-64
The distinguished physicist and historian and philosopher of science Pierre Duhem (1861 - 1916) not only taught physics, but also worked out in his Aim and Structure of Physical Theory a philosophical analysis of physics. Duhem's analysis offers important suggestions about how physics progresses and also how physics should be taught. This essay suggests what advice Duhem would give persons involved in physics teaching about how physics should be presented. In particular, it discusses Duhem's insightful critique of what he called the Newtonian method. 相似文献
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《Frontiers of Physics》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
About the University
As one of the top universities in China, Zhejiang University is located near the West Lake in the beautiful city of Hangzhou. Founded in 1897, it is one of the very few universities in China with a history of over a century. 相似文献
As one of the top universities in China, Zhejiang University is located near the West Lake in the beautiful city of Hangzhou. Founded in 1897, it is one of the very few universities in China with a history of over a century. 相似文献
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Giacomo Mauro D’Ariano 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2017,56(1):97-128
David Finkelstein was very fond of the new information-theoretic paradigm of physics advocated by John Archibald Wheeler and Richard Feynman. Only recently, however, the paradigm has concretely shown its full power, with the derivation of quantum theory (Chiribella et al., Phys. Rev. A 84:012311, 2011; D’Ariano et al., 2017) and of free quantum field theory (D’Ariano and Perinotti, Phys. Rev. A 90:062106, 2014; Bisio et al., Phys. Rev. A 88:032301, 2013; Bisio et al., Ann. Phys. 354:244, 2015; Bisio et al., Ann. Phys. 368:177, 2016) from informational principles. The paradigm has opened for the first time the possibility of avoiding physical primitives in the axioms of the physical theory, allowing a re-foundation of the whole physics over logically solid grounds. In addition to such methodological value, the new information-theoretic derivation of quantum field theory is particularly interesting for establishing a theoretical framework for quantum gravity, with the idea of obtaining gravity itself as emergent from the quantum information processing, as also suggested by the role played by information in the holographic principle (Susskind, J. Math. Phys. 36:6377, 1995; Bousso, Rev. Mod. Phys. 74:825, 2002). In this paper I review how free quantum field theory is derived without using mechanical primitives, including space-time, special relativity, Hamiltonians, and quantization rules. The theory is simply provided by the simplest quantum algorithm encompassing a countable set of quantum systems whose network of interactions satisfies the three following simple principles: homogeneity, locality, and isotropy. The inherent discrete nature of the informational derivation leads to an extension of quantum field theory in terms of a quantum cellular automata and quantum walks. A simple heuristic argument sets the scale to the Planck one, and the currently observed regime where discreteness is not visible is the so-called “relativistic regime” of small wavevectors, which holds for all energies ever tested (and even much larger), where the usual free quantum field theory is perfectly recovered. In the present quantum discrete theory Einstein relativity principle can be restated without using space-time in terms of invariance of the eigenvalue equation of the automaton/walk under change of representations. Distortions of the Poincaré group emerge at the Planck scale, whereas special relativity is perfectly recovered in the relativistic regime. Discreteness, on the other hand, has some plus compared to the continuum theory: 1) it contains it as a special regime; 2) it leads to some additional features with GR flavor: the existence of an upper bound for the particle mass (with physical interpretation as the Planck mass), and a global De Sitter invariance; 3) it provides its own physical standards for space, time, and mass within a purely mathematical adimensional context. The paper ends with the future perspectives of this project, and with an Appendix containing biographic notes about my friendship with David Finkelstein, to whom this paper is dedicated. 相似文献