共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
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针对传统阵不变量方法在低信噪比和远距离测距性能差的问题,提出了消频散阵不变量测距方法。该方法首先对垂直阵接收信号进行消频散波束形成,消除频散影响,压缩脉冲宽度,提高简正波到达时间分辨率;然后,对得到的角度-时间谱采用反卷积处理提高简正波俯仰角度分辨率。通过消频散和反卷积处理,减小了简正波相对到达时间和俯仰角在角度-时间谱图中的聚焦范围,有利于准确的提取阵不变量和估计目标声源的距离。计算机仿真证明了该方法在低信噪比条件下的鲁棒性;2009年崂山湾实验数据处理结果表明:相比于传统阵不变量测距方法,该方法距离估计误差减小2.5%。 相似文献
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提出一种用于球形阵列自适应波束形成的掩蔽函数估计方法。该方法利用包含空间信息的球谐系数提取低维空间向量,并采用复高斯混合模型和深度学习两种方案来估计掩蔽函数,最终利用估计的掩蔽函数设计最小方差无失真响应波束形成器,以达到空域滤波的效果。理论分析和仿真实验证明,对于相同时长的声信号,球谐域掩蔽函数估计方法的计算复杂度比传统阵元域估计方法低了一个数量级。并且在大部分声场环境中,尤其在低信噪比情况下,所提方法的语音质量感知评估测度得分、分段信噪比和短时客观可懂度明显高于阵元域方法,三者最高分别可提升1.31 dB,4.54 dB和35%。另外,实际声学环境的测量实验也验证了所提方法在不影响可懂度的条件下比传统阵元域方法具备更高的降噪量。 相似文献
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现有阵不变量方法未能确定声源深度,且通常对远距离声源的测距误差较大。针对这一问题,提出一种利用阵不变量的宽带声源距离深度估计方法。该方法先对宽带接收信号进行频域波束形成和傅里叶逆变换,转换到波束-时间域以实现模态分离,波束-时间域各峰值位置的连线形成波束时间迁移曲线,曲线形状由阵不变量参数决定且与声源距离相关,曲线上能量分布由各阶模态激励决定且与声源深度有关;再沿波束时间迁移曲线提取波束时间强度并进行匹配处理,最终实现声源距离深度估计。SWellEx-96实验数据处理结果表明,本文所提方法的声源距离和深度估计平均相对误差分别为3.9%和3.4%,而常规阵不变量方法的平均相对测距误差为5.1%,验证了所提方法的优越性能。 相似文献
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针对水声信道的多径效应以及海底散射信号信噪比低导致方位估计性能较差的问题,提出了一种基于子阵加权波束形成的UESPRIT算法(Weighted Beamspace UESPRIT Based on Subarrays,BS-BUESPRIT)。首先利用密集波束域转换矩阵估计回波信号的方位谱,进而估计同一时刻到达阵列的回波数目;之后将均匀线阵分为多个尺寸相同、相互重叠的子阵,利用加权波束形成对各子阵接收信号做指定方向的空域滤波;最后基于各子阵波束形成后的输出结果,利用UESPRIT算法实现回波方向的估计。仿真和湖试、海试试验结果表明,与UESPRIT算法相比,BS-BUESPRIT算法提高了信号波达方向估计性能,在多径和较低信噪比条件下有着更高的估计精度,应用于高分辨率测深侧扫声呐时有效地提高了声呐的测深性能。 相似文献
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针对水下低频声源的方位估计问题,基于基元紧密排列的二维矢量阵,建立了一种超指向性波束形成方法.根据矢量基元差分运算构建各阶多极子模型,获得了几乎与频率无关的模态函数,并经加权计算可在低频条件下实现超指向性波束,以解决阵列孔径对波束性能的限制.同时,结合输出信噪比最大准则所得波束,分析了超指向性波束形成算法的稳定性与波导的影响程度,探索模态阶数与阵列参数的选取原则.通过阵列性能的仿真计算与实际阵列的测量数据表明,该算法可在小尺寸阵列孔径下获得良好的阵列波束,兼具了水下线型超指向性阵和环形超指向性阵的优点,可有效实现水下低频声源的水平方位估计;且波束性能可通过调节模态阶数与基元间距以达到最佳,并受水下声波导多途与频散效应影响有限. 相似文献
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Thode AM 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2000,108(4):1582-1594
A method is presented for estimating the range of an unknown broadband acoustic source in a waveguide, using a vertical array and a signal sample from another broadband source at a known location relative to the array. The method requires no modeling of the acoustic field, and little to no environmental information for flat bathymetries. Waveguide invariant theory [e.g., D'Spain and Kuperman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am 106, 2454-2468 (1999)] is applied to the "virtual receiver" [Siderius et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 3439-3449 (1997)] to create a "virtual aperture" (VA). In effect, the method effectively converts a source at known range r(g) into a continuum of receivers lying between ranges (1 +/- alpha/beta)*r(g), where beta is a scalar parameter called the acoustic invariant, and alpha approximately 0.1. This effective displacement is achieved by correlating the known source field, measured at frequency component omega, with the unknown source field, measured at frequency component omega + omegas. When the VA output is plotted as a function of omega and omegas, the slope of the resulting correlation contours yields the unknown source range. The concept is illustrated via both simulation and analysis of data collected from a pseudo-random noise source with 75-150-Hz bandwidth during SWellEx-3, a shallow water experiment conducted off the San Diego coast. The virtual aperture can be reformulated for range-dependent environments, if adiabatic propagation assumptions are valid, and if the bathymetry surrounding the array is known. 相似文献
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为了解决麦克风阵列通道失配时波束形成算法的稳健性问题, 提出一种基于自适应加权约束最小二乘法的麦克风阵列稳健频率不变波束形成算法. 该算法在分析无通道失配和通道失配时阵列模型特点基础上, 深入研究了通道失配时约束最小二乘频率不变波束形成算法存在的问题及其产生的原因; 将麦克风特性的概率密度函数作为稳健因子加入到约束最小二乘频率不变波束形成算法后, 其频率不变性的稳健性得到了一定的提高, 但稳健性仍较差. 为了进一步提高约束最小二乘法频率不变波束形成算法的稳键性, 通过定义代价函数中控制频率不变性的动态加权系数来调节旁瓣频谱能量, 大大提高了频率不变波束形成算法的稳键性, 将频率不变的频带范围内同一到达角度上不同频率所形成的阵列响应的最大值与最小值之比定义为波动误差, 并作为比较本文算法与约束最小二乘稳健波束形成算法和minmax稳健波束形成算法在通道失配时频率不变性稳键性的评价指标. 算法实例验证结果表明, 在麦克风阵列通道失配时, 本文算法的波动误差最小、频率不变波束形成稳健性最好, 而且适用于任意结构的阵列. 相似文献
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Shefeng Yan Author Vitae 《Applied Acoustics》2006,67(6):511-528
Two approaches to the optimal design of FIR beamformers with frequency invariant patterns using second-order cone programming (SOCP) are proposed. The first approach is a two-step method, which is implemented via separately optimal array pattern synthesis and optimal FIR filters design. The array weights for each frequency bin within the working frequency band are designed to insure that the array patterns approximate the reference ones. And the FIR filter corresponding to each sensor is designed to insure that the frequency responses approximate the array weights. The second approach is a direct method, in which the beam response is expressed as a linear function of FIR filter tap weights and the filters are designed by jointly optimizing the spatial and frequency responses to achieve the desired array patterns. All the optimal design problems (array pattern synthesis, FIR filter design and joint optimization) are formulated as the SOCP, which can be solved efficiently using the well-developed interior-point methods. Results of computer simulations and lake experiment for a twelve-element semicircular array confirm satisfactory performance of the two approaches proposed in this paper. 相似文献
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A method is presented for the location of rotating sound sources by a microphone array. In contrast to other methods which are formulated in the time domain, this method works completely in the frequency domain and allows the application of advanced, high resolution beamforming techniques. Following the work by Lowis and Joseph for ducted sources, it is shown that a generalized cross-spectral matrix in the rotating frame of reference can be calculated which can serve as a starting point for advanced beamforming techniques. The Green's function of a moving point source under free space conditions is expressed in spherical coordinates, which are, for numerical reasons, more convenient than cylindrical coordinates. The microphones on the array have to be arranged in a ring. As a practical example high resolution beamforming deconvolution methods are applied to simulated data and measured data from rotating sources. 相似文献
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The phonon dynamics of normal metal in the coherent regime of ultrafast spectroscopy is studied based on the non-equilibrium gauge invariant Green's function method. The non-equilibrium phonon self-energy is computed explicitly as a function of time in a gauge invariant way up to the second order of electric field of applied laser pulse. The extension beyond the coherent regime and the incorporation of correlation effects are discussed. 相似文献
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在夏季负跃层水文条件下,声源激发的声场同时存在折射类和反射类简正波,导致通过分离简正波进行深度判别的方法性能下降甚至失效·提出了一种利用波导不变量判别声源深度的方法。当接收器位于负跃层以下时,水面声源和水下声源的波导不变量数值不同。在本文的仿真条件下,水面声源波导不变量约等于1,当声源位于负跃层以下时,波导不变量大于1.利用频域warping变换从干涉结构中提取与实际距离成线性关系的时域脉冲,可以在未知声源距离的情况下,从声场干涉结构中获得声源激发声场的波导不变量,从而在夏季负跃层水文条件下进行声源深度判别。方法无须声源与接收器存在最近经过距离,可适用于单水听器或水平阵波束形成后输出的LOFAR谱.仿真结果证明,方法可以提取水面目标和水下目标的时延轨迹并计算干涉条纹的波导不变量。最后,对海试实验数据进行分析处理,从水面声源的干涉条纹中提取波导不变量,证明了方法的有效性。 相似文献