基于磁光子晶体的磁控可调谐太赫兹滤波器和开关

本文研究了铁氧体磁性材料应用于太赫兹波导器件的可行性. 利用铁氧体磁性材料的磁导率随外磁场改变而变化的性质,设计出了一种新颖的磁控连续可调谐太赫兹滤波器和开关. 利用平面波展开法(plane wave expansion,PWE)和时域有限差分法(finite difference time domain,FDTD)计算了二维磁光子晶体中外磁场变化对带隙位置和宽度的影响,结果显示应用该结构实现的滤波器和开关具有良好的性能. 关键词： 磁光子晶体 铁氧体 太赫兹     

一种紧凑的、可调的、基于缺陷共振的光开关

采用平面波展开法(PWM)和时域有限差分(FDTD)法,研究光在含点缺陷的光子晶体波导中的传输特性.计算结果表明,通过引入两共振腔(点缺陷),处于共振频率附近的光波将被完全反射回光子晶体波导.由于共振频率随点缺陷的折射率的变化而改变,这种现象可用来设计可调光开关. 关键词： 光子晶体波导 缺陷共振 光开关 透射率     

喇叭型开口光子晶体波导的传输谱研究

设计一种喇叭型开口二维光子晶体波导,利用时域有限差分法计算波导传输谱图。模拟结果表明：通过改变开口处光子晶体椭圆点缺陷的结构,传输谱图中将出现相应变化的缺陷模,可用于实现频率可调的窄带光子晶体滤波器。     

Photonic crystal waveguide sampled gratings

Photonic crystal waveguide sampled gratings (PCWSG) are proposed to realize multi-channel optical filter in a photonic crystal (PC) waveguide. The reflection characteristics of the filter are analyzed by using the coupled-mode theory (CMT) together with transfer-matrix method (TMM). It is shown that the reflection spectrum of the filter exhibits a group of reflection peaks, which are distributed with equal frequency spacing within the photonic crystal bandgap (PBG). The theoretically calculated results are numerically verified by using two-dimensional (2D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.     

基于磁光子晶体的低损耗窄带THz滤波器

本文提出一种采用石榴石型铁氧体磁性材料的太赫兹滤波器,利用波导线缺陷和腔内点缺陷的耦合特性,通过改变腔内介质柱半径及分布,实现对某个波长的耦合,达到了高效率滤波的功能;改变外磁场的大小,影响铁氧体材料的磁导率变化,使谐振频率发生改变,从而对THz波进行滤波.应用平面波展开法(PWM)和时域差分有限法(FDTD)进行仿真分析,研究结果表明,该滤波器其插入损耗为0.0997 d B,3 d B带宽为8.22 GHz,实现了低损耗窄带滤波.     

光控液晶光子晶体微腔全光开关

设计了一种缺陷模迁移光子晶体微腔全光开关. 两条二维三角晶格空气孔光子晶体波导由一个光子晶体微腔连接, 在微腔的点缺陷中填充掺有少量偶氮聚合物的苯乙炔类液晶. 通过调节控制光的偏振态, 使偶氮聚合物发生顺-反异构化反应, 带动液晶分子重新取向, 从而改变光子晶体微腔的谐振波长, 进而实现光的通过与截止. 运用时域有限差分法和平面波展开法分析 了二维光控液晶光子晶体微腔全光开关的光学特性. 数值计算结果表明: 对于1.55 μ通信波段通过外界偏振光控制所填充的向列相液晶 的折射率可以实现对光波的导通与截止. 分析结果显示, 此开关具有阈值低, 消光比较大, 体积小等优点. 关键词： 二维光子晶体微腔 波导 时域有限差分(FDTD) 液晶     

基于光子晶体马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的太赫兹开关及强度调制器

通过对二维正方晶格光子晶体线缺陷模色散曲线慢光特性的研究, 利用外电场对液晶分子取向的调控作用, 在填充液晶的正方晶格波导的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪结构中实现了开关和强度调制等功能. 利用平面波展开法计算了光子晶体波导的线缺陷模, 分析了液晶折射率的变化对缺陷模的影响. 计算表明, 液晶折射率仅改变了0.1, 线缺陷模有效折射率改变达0.168, 该特性可以更为有效地实现对相位的控制, 进而实现高消光比开关和强度调制功能, 这种高效的相位调节器件在集成光系统中将有很好的应用前景.     

二维光子晶体线缺陷结构的光谱辐射特性

光子晶体的禁带特性是该新兴材料的最根本特征。本文运用平面波展开法(PWE)计算了一种正方晶格Si光子晶体材料的禁带特性,并基于该材料设计出一种红外波段的线缺陷光子晶体波导结构。运用时域有限差分法(FDTD)研究了线缺陷二维光子晶体波导宽度对通频带、电场强度及透射能量的影响,研究结果为二维光子晶体波导器件的开发和利用提供了理论支撑。     

多功能磁光子晶体太赫兹可调偏振控制器件

通过对磁场控制下的二维磁光子晶体太赫兹波偏振传输特性的研究,利用铁氧体磁光材料的磁导率随外磁场改变而变化的特点,设计了具有可控起偏、偏振分束和可调谐波片功能的光子晶体太赫兹偏振控制器件.利用平面波展开法和严格耦合波分析分别计算了光子晶体带隙位置和透过率随外磁场强度变化的关系,用时域有限差分法计算了场分布和相位.结果表明,该结构可以实现高偏振消光比的偏振起偏器和分束器,以及在1 THz附近-π-π相位范围的连续可调谐波片. 关键词： 太赫兹 光子晶体 铁氧体 偏振控制     

基于磁化等离子体缺陷层的一维新颖可调谐的光子晶体滤波特性

将磁化等离子体填充到一维光子晶体的缺陷层,构成了一种新颖可调谐的滤波器。讨论了TM波情况下滤波器的滤波特性,并推导了TM波下磁化等离子体传输矩阵。通过改进的传输矩阵方法分析得到:在不改变光子晶体结构的情况下,通过改变等离子体频率和外磁场可以实现滤波通道在光子禁带内较大带宽范围的移动,同时禁带中滤波通道出现的数目也能被等离子频率与外磁场的大小控制。     

Band gap characteristics of plasma with periodically varying external magnetic field

The reflectance characteristics of a one-dimensional periodically magnetized plasma structure is studied by using the transfer matrix method. It is found that this system has the band gap characteristics of photonic crystals, so we also name it a plasma photonic crystal. The results show that the gap location and gap width can be controlled by the incident angle. If the external magnetic field is small, the gap location and gap width change significantly with incident angle, while they change only slightly when the external magnetic field is sufficiently large. The collision frequency has little effect on the gap location and gap width while it makes the amplitude of reflectance and transmission decrease. This new type of plasma photonic crystal could have potential applications in designing tunable photonic crystal devices.     

Ultra-compact graphene plasmonic filter integrated in a waveguide

Graphene plasmons have become promising candidates for deep-subwavelength nanoscale optical devices due to their strong field confinement and low damping. Among these nanoscale optical devices, band-pass filter for wavelength selection and noise filtering are key devices in an integrated optical circuit. However, plasmonic filters are still oversized because large resonant cavities are needed to perform frequency selection. Here, an ultra-compact filter integrated in a graphene plasmonic waveguide was designed, where a rectangular resonant cavity is inside a graphene nanoribbon waveguide. The properties of the filter were studied using the finite-difference time-domain method and demonstrated using the analytical model. The results demonstrate the band-pass filter has a high quality factor(20.36) and electrically tunable frequency response. The working frequency of the filter could also be tuned by modifying the cavity size. Our work provides a feasible structure for a graphene plasmonic nano-filter for future use in integrated optical circuits.     

Design of tunable surface mode waveguide based on photonic crystal composite structure using organic liquid

With the method of replacing the surface layer of photonic crystal with tubes, a novel photonic crystal composite structure used as a tunable surface mode waveguide is designed. The tubes support tunable surface states. The tunable propagation capabilities of the structure are investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain. Simulation results show that the beam transmission distributions of the composite structure are sensitive to the frequency range of incident light and the surface morphology which can be modified by filling the tubes with different organic liquids. By adjusting the filler in tubes, the T-shaped, Y-shaped, and L-shaped propagations can be realized. The property can be applied to the tunable surface mode waveguide. Compared with a traditional single function photonic crystal waveguide, our designed structure not only has a small size, but also is a tunable device.     

Compact interrogator for fiber optic Bragg sensors based on an acousto-optic filter formed by photonic crystal rows of air holes

Fiber optic sensors are typically used with expensive tunable lasers or optical spectrum analyzers for wavelength interrogation. We propose to replace the tunable laser by a broadband optical source incorporated with a novel thin linewidth acousto-optic tunable filter. It utilizes optical beam expanders constituted by photonic crystal rows of air holes in LiNbO(3) waveguide. A new design is numerically studied for a short structure (with 32 photonic crystal rows) by a two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Extrapolation of these results to larger structure sizes (about 1 cm) demonstrates the possibility to develop compact interrogators with 0.4 pm wavelength resolution and 40 nm tunable range around 1550 nm.     

二维三角晶格光子晶体波导的出射光集束传播

为了解决光子晶体波导出射端光场控制, 同时解决二维三角晶格光子晶体波导出射光辐射困难的问题。利用二维三角晶格光子晶体设计了一种新型光子晶体波导出射口结构。在二维三角晶格光子晶体波导出射端引入两个微腔, 通过光波与微腔发生共振, 形成类似于三个点光源干涉的出射光, 同时进一步提出波导出射端喇叭口干涉出射光定向辐射的设计。通过这种微腔喇叭口设计, 利用时域有限差分法分析结果表明光波实现很好的定向辐射, 并且辐射距离显著提高。     

基于等离子体缺陷层的一维可调谐微波光子晶体滤波特性

等离子体填充到一维介质-真空微波光子晶体的缺陷层构成一种可调谐单通道滤波器.据等离子体的强色散特性,其等效折射率与电磁波频率及等离子体频率等参数有关,因而可以通过改变等离子参数,使一维微波光子晶体缺陷层的谐振频率发生偏移,实现微波光子晶体的可调谐滤波特性.介质层和等离子体层分别采用了时域有限差分（FDTD）算法及分段线性电流密度卷积时域有限差分（PLJERC-FDTD）算法.数值模拟表明,通过改变等离子体频率可以实现滤波通道在光子禁带内较大带宽范围的移动. 关键词： 等离子体 微波光子晶体 可调谐滤波     

高效光子晶体太赫兹滤波器的设计

提出了一种新型光子晶体太赫兹(THz)滤波器,该滤波器包括利用线缺陷实现的波导部分和利用微腔实现的频率选择部分.应用平面波法(PWM)分析其带隙结构,然后应用时域有限差分法(FDTD),研究THz波在此滤波器中的传输特性,结果表明,通过改变点缺陷的结构和增大某些介质柱的半径,可以使该滤波器实现高耦合效率的单信道单频率滤波. 关键词： 光子晶体 THz波 平面波法 时域有限差分法     

Low group velocity in a photonic crystal coupled-cavity waveguide

A two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled-cavity waveguide is designed and optimized, the transmission spectrum is calculated by using the finite-difference time-domain method, and the group velocity of c/1856 is obtained. To our knowledge, this value of group velocity is the lowest group velocity in a photonic crystal waveguide calculated from its transmission spectrum so far. The result is confirmed by the photonic band structure calculated by using the plane wave expansion method, and it is found that the photonic crystal waveguide modes in a photonic band structure are in accordance with those in the transmission spectrum by using the finite-difference time-domain method. The mechanism of slow light in the coupled-cavity waveguide of photonic crystal is analysed.     

液晶调制的光子晶体可控偏光片和光开关

与介质柱型光子晶体相比，空气孔光子晶体更易于制作和集成而更有应用价值.采用平面波展开法证实了填充液晶的二维三角形分布的空气孔光子晶体方向能隙的可调节性.数值模拟结果表明：1)通过外界电场控制空气孔中所填充的相列液晶的方向可以对光子晶体的方向能隙进行调节，这种可调节性可用于制作场敏偏光片.这与Liu等人研究介质柱型光子晶体的结论相类似；2)用phenylacetylene型液晶替代5CB液晶作为填充物质所得到的空气孔光子晶体偏光片可使用的频率范围显著增大.在此基础上，还研究了填充液晶的光子晶体波导传输谱线的可调节性对特定波长的光切断和开通控制的原理，实现了与以往光开关原理不同的光子晶体光开关. 关键词： 光子晶体 液晶 可调节性 平面波展开法 场敏偏光片     

Tunable graphene-based mid-infrared band-pass planar filter and its application

We have designed and proposed the edge modes supported by graphene ribbons and the planar band-pass filter consisting of graphene ribbons coupled to a graphene ring resonator by using the finite-difference time-domain numerical method.Simulation results show that the edge modes improve the electromagnetic coupling between devices. This structure works as a novel, tunable mid-infrared band-pass filter. Our studies will benefit the fabrication of planar, ultra-compact nano-scale devices in the mid-infrared region. A power splitter consisting of two output ribbons that is useful in photonic integrated devices and circuits is also designed and simulated. These devices are useful for designing ultra-compact planar devices in photonic integrated circuits.